Deck 5: Sexual Arousal and Response

Question 1

Men rated armpit odors of women as more pleasant when the women were

A)lesbians.
B)menstruating.
C)professional athletes.
D)ovulating.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

________ erogenous zones are sensitive because they are endowed with sensitive nerve endings, and ________ erogenous zones are sensitized through experience.

A)Secondary; essential
B)Principal; secondary
C)Essential; primary
D)Primary; secondary

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The sense of ________ may modify other women's menstrual cycles.

A)touch
B)vision
C)smell
D)hearing

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Humans' VNO can be found in the mucous lining of the

A)eyes.
B)genital organs.
C)throat.
D)nose.

Question 5

One study found which of the following results when examining gay males' preference ratings for samples of underarm sweat gathered from heterosexual and homosexual males and females.

A)Homosexual males and homosexual females preferred heterosexual female sweat samples.
B)Homosexual males tended to prefer either the heterosexual or homosexual male sweat samples over either female sweat sample.
C)Homosexual males tended to prefer the sweat samples collected from other gay men over those of heterosexual males.
D)Homosexual males did not differ from heterosexual males in their ratings of female sweat samples.

Question 6

In studies of menstrual synchronization in groups of women, researchers have found that exposing the women to ________ can cause the synchronization.

A)pheromones in women's sweat
B)pheromones from female rats
C)steroids in men's sweat
D)aphrodisiacs

Question 7

Parts of the body that become erotically sensitized through experience or learning are called

A)primary erogenous zones.
B)tertiary erogenous zones.
C)secondary erogenous zones.
D)associated erogenous zones.

Question 8

Odorless chemicals that may enhance moods, effect fertility, and promote sexual communication are

A)pheromones.
B)aphrodisiacs.
C)perspiration secretions.
D)erogenous zones.

Question 9

People who are turned on by a nude partner or by making love in front of a camera or mirror

A)will probably not be aroused by visually mediated erotica.
B)find visual cues to be sexual turn-ons.
C)are turned off sexually to visual cues.
D)are never aroused by sexually based auditory media.

Question 10

In general, which of the following is True regarding males' and females' interest in visually mediated erotica?

A)Men tend to be more interested than women
B)Men and women tend to be equally interested
C)Women tend to be more interested than men
D)Neither men nor women are interested, unless they are sexually deviant

Question 11

Parts of the body that are especially sensitive to tactile stimulations, strokes, and caresses are known as

A)the skin senses.
B)erogenous zones.
C)the sense of touch.
D)erratic zones.

Question 12

Some orchids have been found to attract bees with

A)the scent of their pollen.
B)the color of the flower.
C)pheromones.
D)a sweet taste.

Question 13

In experiments where heterosexual men and women are exposed to certain chemicals suspected to be pheromones,

A)women responded positively to the steroid produced by males, androstadienone.
B)androstadienone and estratetraenol enhanced the moods of men and women, respectively.
C)estratetraenol reduced nervousness and tension in males.
D)males had increased sex drives when exposed to the chemical produced by women, estratetraenol.

Question 14

All of the following are considered a primary erogenous zone, EXCEPT

A)the inner thighs.
B)the brain.
C)the ears.
D)the arm pits.

Question 15

Evolutionary psychologists argue that men and women should be more interested in sex

A)when a woman is menstruating.
B)when a woman is just finished menstruating.
C)when a woman is ovulating.
D)when a woman is older than a man.

Question 16

Which of the following best summarizes the research presented in your text about human reactions to pheromones.

A)There is little evidence to suggest that humans detect chemicals as pheromones.
B)There is evidence that pheromones exist for humans, but we do not fully understand all the chemicals involved or how they work yet.
C)Humans do not have the brain structures to detect pheromones, so there are no human pheromones.
D)Human pheromones have been identified and, when used in colognes, will improve your sex life.

Question 17

Pheromones are detected specifically through the

A)nasal passage.
B)oral nasal cavity.
C)vomeronasal organs.
D)vaso-oral cavity.

Question 18

The study by Cutler and colleagues had heterosexual men wear a male pheromone or a placebo. The study indicated that

A)the substance directly stimulated sexual behavior.
B)the suspected pheromone increased their sexual attractiveness to their partners.
C)the pheromone increased the frequency of masturbation.
D)the suspected pheromone decreased the sexual attractiveness to their partners.

Question 19

It is possible for women to experience orgasm through sexual fantasy alone, without accompanying touching or direct stimulation of the genitals. This statement is

A)True.
B)false.
C)false for everyone, except for prostitutes.
D)false for women, but True for men.

Question 20

Parts of the body that are especially sensitive to tactile stimulations, strokes, and caresses are known as

A)the cutaneous senses.
B)erogenous zones.
C)the scents.
D)personal zones.

Question 21

Two drugs that have an aphrodisiac effect are

A)amyl nitrate and Viagra.
B)bupropion and l-dopa.
C)Prozac and Tofranil.
D)nicotine and alcohol.

Question 22

Which of the following is a correct description of the brain and its relationship to erotic pleasure through the sense of touch.

A)The brain is a primary erogenous zone.
B)The brain is a tertiary erogenous zone.
C)The brain is a secondary erogenous zone.
D)The brain is not an erogenous zone.

Question 23

"Talking dirty" during sexual intercourse is

A)a universal turn-on for men.
B)a universal turn-off for women.
C)a turn-on for some people and a turn-off for other people.
D)a sign of a history of sexual abuse, neglect, or harassment.

Question 24

Binge drinking is defined as having

A)five or more drinks in a row for males and females.
B)four or more drinks in a row for males and females.
C)five or more drinks in a row for males; four or more drinks in a row for females.
D)four or more drinks for males; five or more drinks for females

Question 25

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the role of the sense of taste in arousal for humans?

A)Taste is one of the strongest sources for sexual arousal in humans. From the taste of a partner's saliva, sweat, and genital secretions, we become sexually aroused and attached to our partners.
B)Taste plays a relatively minor role in arousal as compared to the other senses. Some people may find the tastes of genital secretions to be arousing, but others do not.
C)Taste plays a minor role in arousal in humans because we are obsessively clean and wash away all of the naturally occurring tastes associated with the human body.
D)Taste plays a role in sexual arousal when chocolate and whip cream are included in sexual play. Otherwise, bodily tastes are unimportant for humans.

Question 26

Stimulant drugs are reputed to heighten arousal and sensations of orgasm by

A)increasing blood flow to the genitals.
B)decreasing the heart rate.
C)increasing genital lubrication.
D)activating the central nervous system.

Question 27

Although there is no evidence that marijuana and other hallucinogenic drugs directly stimulate sexual response, some users report that they

A)heighten subjective feelings of sexual pleasure.
B)foretell the consequences of sexual misconduct.
C)inhibit sexual drives.
D)impair the ability to weigh information.

Question 28

The use of crack cocaine is associated with which of the following sexual variables?

A)Increased vaginal lubrication in females
B)Increased ease in attaining erection
C)Higher numbers of sex partners
D)Elevated genital pulse rates

Question 29

A naturally occurring and potent aphrodisiac produced by the human body is

A)l-dopa.
B)estrogen.
C)amyl nitrate.
D)testosterone.

Question 30

Drugs used in the treatment of behavior patterns such as sexual violence and sexual interest in children are known as

A)antidepressants.
B)anti-androgens.
C)sexual inhibitors.
D)androgenergic receptor binders.

Question 31

All of the following chemicals can dampen sexual arousal and response, EXCEPT

A)antihypertensive drugs.
B)barbiturates.
C)nicotine.
D)bubropion.

Question 32

All of the following are True of alcohol, EXCEPT

A)large amounts can increase sex drive.
B)it can lower sexual inhibitions.
C)it can reduce sexual potency.
D)it reduces central nervous system activity.

Question 33

Which of the following items is likely to have the strongest aphrodisiac effect?

A)Arginine
B)Oysters
C)Bupropion
D)Viagra

Question 34

Binge drinking is connected with all of the following, EXCEPT

A)high-risk sexual behavior.
B)increased sexual inhibitions.
C)sexual promiscuity.
D)sexual assault.

Question 35

A substance that arouses or increases one's capacity for sexual pleasure or response is known as

A)an aphrodisiac.
B)a pheromone.
C)an androstadienone.
D)an aphorism.

Question 36

Although tranquilizers and central nervous system depressants can lessen sexual desire and impair performance, these drugs may enhance sexual performance by

A)lessening sexual inhibitions and fear of sexual repercussions.
B)increasing capacity of the genitals to become engorged with blood.
C)increasing sexual awareness and desire.
D)lessening sensation in the pelvis.

Question 37

Which parts of the brain play key roles in sexual response?

A)The thalamus and brain stem
B)Cerebral cortex and cerebellum
C)The cerebral cortex and limbic system
D)The frontal lobe and the temporal lobe

Question 38

Which of the following is True regarding the Spanish fly?

A)It is a common aphrodisiac that produces prolonged erection in men.
B)If used carefully and in small amounts, it aids in vasocongestion.
C)Its active ingredient, canthardin, is the primary ingredient in Viagra.
D)It is a skin irritant that inflames the urinary tract.

Question 39

For users without high levels of tolerance, large amounts of alcohol will likely

A)stimulate sexual performance in couples.
B)impair sexual performance in women.
C)stimulate sexual performance in men.
D)impair sexual performance in both men and women.

Question 40

Substances that are considered inhibitors of sexual response are known as

A)anti-aphrodisiacs.
B)downers.
C)anaphrodisiacs.
D)poppers.

Question 41

More and more research argues that orgasms

A)should be the only goal of sexual behavior.
B)have been linked to a number of health benefits.
C)have a finite number available to each person.
D)can result in poorer physical performance the next day.

Question 42

The interplay of past experience and present hormonal influences can be seen by which of the following findings regarding castrated adult men?

A)Men who were more sexually experienced before castration show a more graduate decline in sexual activity after castration.
B)Men who are surgically castrated tend to lose their capacity to become erect and to ejaculate.
C)Men who desire surgical castration typically report better satisfaction with their castration than those on whom castration is forced.
D)Men who have been castrated are likely to be child molesters.

Question 43

When sex hormones exert an influence on the type of behavior that the organism expresses, this is considered a(n)

A)activating effect.
B)manipulation effect.
C)organizing effect.
D)hormonal effect.

Question 44

When a hormone changes the frequency or intensity of the drive that motivates a behavior or changes the ability to perform the behavior, this is considered a(n)

A)motivational effect.
B)organizing effect.
C)hormonal effect.
D)activating effect.

Question 45

Both women and castrated men will have small levels of testosterone fluctuating in their blood streams because

A)small amounts of testosterone are produced by the pituitary gland in the brain.
B)they abuse certain over-the-counter drugs used for athletic enhancement.
C)a lack of testicles is associated with increased testosterone production.
D)the adrenal glands produce small amounts of testosterone in both sexes.

Question 46

Pleasure centers that may exist in and near the hypothalamus were found using

A)implanted electrodes.
B)manual stimulation.
C)hypnosis.
D)water probes.

Question 47

The lack of which hormone may cause vaginal dryness and make coitus painful?

A)Estrogen
B)Progesterone
C)Estradiol
D)Luteinizing hormone

Question 48

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the presence of sex hormones in males and females.

A)Males only produce testosterone and androgens.
B)Females only produce estrogen and progesterone.
C)Males and females produce both estrogens and androgens (testosterone)but in different amounts.
D)Only sexually active people show the presence of sex hormones in their blood streams.

Question 49

A condition marked by abnormally low levels of testosterone production is

A)hyperthyroidism.
B)hypoglycemia.
C)hypogonadism.
D)hypergonadism

Question 50

Hormones regulate various bodily functions, including all of the following, EXCEPT

A)breathing.
B)sexual functions.
C)resistance to stress.
D)growth.

Question 51

Which area of the brain is involved when judging sexual behaviors to be moral or immoral?

A)Brain stem
B)Cerebral cortex
C)Thalamus
D)Hypothalamus

Question 52

Researchers have speculated that the brains of transsexual individuals may have been

A)exposed to high levels of testosterone shortly before or following birth.
B)prenatally sexually differentiated in the opposite direction of their genitals.
C)exposed to high levels of estrogen shortly before or following birth.
D)there is no speculation as to what may influence transsexual individuals.

Question 53

The ________ and ________ regulate gonadal secretion of sex hormones.

A)testes; ovaries
B)hypothalamus; pituitary gland
C)adrenal glands; thalamus
D)thyroid; cerebral cortex

Question 54

Substances secreted by endocrine glands are called

A)neurotransmitters.
B)enkephalins.
C)stimulants.
D)hormones.

Question 55

The sexual responsiveness in women is influenced by the presence of

A)androgens.
B)estrogen.
C)female sex hormones.
D)estrus.

Question 56

All of the following are generally exhibited by castrated men, EXCEPT

A)decreased sexual desire.
B)lost capacity to become erect.
C)an increased need to ejaculate.
D)a decreased incidence of sexual fantasies.

Question 57

In women, estrogen and progesterone play a prominent role in all of the following, EXCEPT

A)regulating the menstrual cycle.
B)sexual motivation and response.
C)the growth of pubic hair.
D)breast development.

Question 58

A brief period of fertility that corresponds to the time of ovulation and is associated strongly with an animal's sexual receptivity is known as

A)menstruation.
B)the organizing effect.
C)estradiol.
D)estrus.

Question 59

Which of the following describes an example of an activating effect for a hormone?

A)Levels of a hormone correlating with a person's predisposition to show stereotypical masculine behavior
B)Levels of a hormone leading to the presence of typical mating behavior
C)Levels of a hormone facilitating a more rapid sexual response of an organism to a stimulus
D)Levels of a hormone relating to a person's tendency to show non-stereotypical feminine behavior

Question 60

It has been speculated that hormonal influences on the prenatal sexual differentiation of the brain may be connected with

A)frequency of adult sexual fantasies.
B)levels of adult sexual behavior.
C)strength of adult sex drive.
D)adult sexual orientation.

Question 61

Voluntary and involuntary muscle tension during sexual arousal is called

A)the G-spot.
B)myotonia.
C)skene's glands.
D)vasocongestion.

Question 62

The swelling of the genital tissues with blood is called

A)myotonia.
B)vasocongestion.
C)dilation.
D)priapism.

Question 63

During which phase of Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle do men and women first experience full vasocongestion and muscular myotonia?

A)Desire
B)Resolution
C)Plateau
D)Refractory

Question 64

A woman's clitoris become erect and swollen during sexual excitement due to

A)vasocongestion.
B)increased muscle tension.
C)her ovary releasing an ovum.
D)emission.

Question 65

A rosy sex flush of the skin is likely to take place during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

A)Orgasm
B)Resolution
C)Excitement
D)During any phase

Question 66

According to Masters and Johnson, the first sign that a male is in the excitement phase of sexual arousal is

A)erection of the penis.
B)contraction of the anus.
C)scrotum tightens.
D)ejaculation.

Question 67

During the second phase of the sexual response cycle, a man's sexual arousal can be seen by observing

A)the cessation of droplets of fluid coming from the tip of the penis.
B)the scrotal sac tightening and pulling closer to his body.
C)an increase in the length and girth of the penis.
D)contractions of muscles at the base of the urethra.

Question 68

All of the following are one of Masters and Johnson's four phases of the sexual response cycle, EXCEPT

A)excitement.
B)orgasm.
C)plateau.
D)napping.

Question 69

Across several studies, it has been found that androgen levels

A)predict sexual interest or sexual drives.
B)were related to the likelihood of pregnancy.
C)can predict the occurrence of sexual behaviors almost exactly.
D)most likely affect the sexual interests of women but not men.

Question 70

The first sign a female is in Masters and Johnson's excitement phase of the sexual response cycle is

A)contraction of the anus.
B)clitoral ejaculation.
C)breast enlargement.
D)vaginal lubrication.

Question 71

Which of the following women is most likely to lose her sexual desire?

A)A post-menopausal woman
B)A woman who has had an ovariectomy before menopause
C)A woman in estrus
D)A woman who has had her ovaries and adrenal glands removed

Question 72

All of the following are one of Masters and Johnson's four phases of the sexual response cycle, EXCEPT

A)plateau.
B)excitement.
C)remission.
D)orgasm.

Question 73

During sexual arousal, the appearance of a "sex flush" is

A)more pronounced in women than in men.
B)more pronounced in men than in women.
C)a sign of a sexually transmissible infection.
D)only seen in women.

Question 74

All of the following are phases of Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle, EXCEPT

A)restitution.
B)excitement.
C)orgasm.
D)plateau.

Question 75

For an average female, how soon does vaginal lubrication begin after stimulation?

A)Immediately
B)10-30 seconds
C)About one minute
D)About two minutes

Question 76

A man and a woman are making love and notice their nipples becoming erect, their chests and abdomens turning red. The phase of Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle they are most likely in is

A)excitement.
B)resolution.
C)orgasm.
D)plateau.

Question 77

Which of the following is a common sign of sexual response in a woman's plateau phase?

A)The clitoris withdraws under the hood and shortens.
B)The outer two-thirds of the vagina expand.
C)The breasts constrict and reduce in size.
D)The clitoris swells.

Question 78

In a study focusing on women who had their ovaries removed, women receiving hormonal treatment that included ________ showed heightened sexual fantasies and sexual desires.

A)estradiol
B)estrogen replacement therapy
C)a placebo
D)a combination of androgens and estrogen replacement therapy

Question 79

Erectile tissues of both men and women respond to increased blood flow during sexual arousal through the process of

A)sex flesh.
B)emission.
C)orgasm.
D)vasocongestion.

Question 80

Masters and Johnson studied the physiological responses that occur during sexual activity by

A)only observing participants while masturbating.
B)only using the survey method.
C)measuring the pulse, blood pressure, and respiration rate of their participants.
D)having participants constantly update the experimenters on their level of desire.