Deck 7: The Skeleton

Question 1

Ligaments that support the hyoid bone are attached to the

A) styloid process.
B) mastoid process.
C) articular tubercle.
D) posterior clinoid process.
E) middle concha.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The alveolar process of the mandible

A) supports the upper teeth.
B) supports the lower teeth.
C) anchors the tongue.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Premature closure of the sagittal suture would result in

A) a long and narrow head.
B) a very broad head.
C) an unusually small head.
D) a distorted head with one side being longer than the other.
E) death.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The cranium (or braincase) is formed by the ________ bones.

A) frontal, temporal, and maxillary
B) frontal, parietal, and zygomatic
C) temporal, parietal, and mandible
D) frontal, temporal, and maxillary
E) frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital

Question 5

The suture that forms the articulation of the two parietal bones is the ________ suture.

A) lambdoidal
B) rostral
C) coronal
D) squamosal
E) sagittal

Question 6

How many bones make up the axial skeleton?

A) 50
B) 60
C) 70
D) 80
E) 90

Question 7

Of the following bones, which is unpaired?

A) vomer
B) maxillary
C) palatine
D) nasal
E) none of these

Question 8

While playing softball, Gina is struck in the frontal squama by a wild pitch. Which of the following complaints would you expect her to have?

A) a broken jaw
B) a black eye
C) a headache
D) a sore chest
E) a sore back

Question 9

The nasal conchae

A) attach muscles that move the eye.
B) contain the nerves for olfaction.
C) create turbulence in the nasal passageways.
D) protect the pituitary gland.
E) attach muscles that move the eyelids.

Question 10

Which of these is not one of the bones of the face?

A) frontal
B) maxilla
C) vomer
D) mandible
E) zygomatic

Question 11

The external acoustic meatus is a foramen in which skull bone?

A) zygomatic
B) vomer
C) temporal
D) parietal
E) auditory ossicles

Question 12

The skull contains ________ bones.

A) 32
B) 22
C) 42
D) 12
E) none of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton?

A) provides an attachment for muscles that move the axial skeleton
B) provides an attachment for muscles that move the head, neck, and trunk
C) provides an attachment for muscles involved in respiration
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 14

The zygomatic arch is formed by the union of processes from which two bones?

A) temporal and maxilla
B) frontal and temporal
C) sphenoid and temporal
D) zygomatic and maxilla
E) temporal and zygomatic

Question 15

The suture that forms the articulation of the parietal bones with the frontal bone is the ________ suture.

A) lambdoidal
B) rostral
C) coronal
D) squamosal
E) sagittal

Question 16

Which of the following is not part of the axial division of the skeletal system?

A) skull
B) auditory ossicles
C) hyoid bone
D) pectoral girdle
E) vertebral column

Question 17

A point of attachment for muscles that rotate or extend the head is the

A) styloid process.
B) mastoid process.
C) articular tubercle.
D) posterior clinoid process.
E) medial concha.

Question 18

The small bones that form the medial wall of the eye socket are the

A) ethmoid bones.
B) lacrimal bones.
C) lacerum bones.
D) nasal bones.
E) zygomatic bones.

Question 19

Sutures can be found at all of the joints of an adult skull, except between

A) the mandible and the cranium.
B) the zygomatic bone and the maxillary bone.
C) the occipital bone and the parietal bone.
D) the vomer and the zygomatic bone.
E) None of the above.they are all sutures.

Question 20

Jack gets into a fight and is punched in the nose. Which of the following bones might be fractured?

A) ethmoid bone
B) sphenoid bone
C) temporal bone
D) mandible
E) parietal bone

Question 21

What is the name of the structure labeled "8"?

A) sella turcica
B) foramen ovale
C) foramen rotundum
D) carotid canal
E) foramen spinosum

Question 22

Each of the following landmarks is associated with the occipital bone, except the

A) superficial nuchal lines.
B) jugular foramen.
C) hypoglossal canals.
D) petrous process.
E) occipital crest.

Question 23

The prominent bulge just posterior and inferior to the external auditory meatus is the

A) mastoid process.
B) styloid process.
C) occipital condyle.
D) condyloid process.
E) temporal process.

Question 24

The styloid process, zygomatic process, and auditory ossicles are associated with the

A) parietal bone.
B) occipital bone.
C) sphenoid.
D) temporal bone.
E) ulna.

Question 25

A skull bone that could be described as looking like a bat with wings extended is the

A) maxilla.
B) crista galli.
C) sphenoid.
D) ethmoid.
E) cribriform.

Question 26

The superior and inferior temporal lines mark the points of attachment for

A) muscles that stabilize the skull at the vertebral column.
B) muscles that open and close the eye.
C) muscles that close the mouth.
D) muscles that turn the head.
E) both muscles that stabilize the skull at the vertebral column and muscles that turn the head.

Question 27

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the internal occipital crest.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 28

Ridges that anchor muscles that stabilize the head are the

A) anterior and posterior nuchal lines.
B) anterior and superior nuchal lines.
C) inferior and superior nuchal lines.
D) medial and lateral nuchal lines.
E) cranial and caudal nuchal lines.

Question 29

Each of the following is associated with the temporal bone, except the

A) mastoid process.
B) petrous portion.
C) sella turcica.
D) internal acoustic meatus.
E) mandibular fossa.

Question 30

A membrane that stabilizes the position of the brain is attached to the

A) crista galli.
B) pterygoid processes.
C) styloid process.
D) perpendicular plate.
E) cribriform plate.

Question 31

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the sphenoid bone.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 32

The lower jaw articulates with the temporal bone at the

A) mandibular fossa.
B) mastoid process.
C) superior clinoid process.
D) lateral palatine process.
E) cribriform plate.

Question 33

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Which structure encloses the pituitary gland?

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8

Question 34

The foramen magnum is found in the ________ bone.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) sphenoid
D) occipital
E) temporal

Question 35

The hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica contains the ________ gland.

A) lacrimal
B) pituitary
C) olfactory
D) nasal
E) sellar

Question 36

Identify the opening surrounded by the occipital bone.

A) magnum maximus
B) foramen magnum
C) foramen magnus
D) foramina maximus
E) maximus minimus

Question 37

Each of the following structures is associated with the sphenoid bone, except the

A) foramen ovale.
B) optic canals.
C) pterygoid processes.
D) sella turcica.
E) cribriform plate.

Question 38

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Which structure has foramina for the olfactory nerves?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 39

The ________ passes through the ________.

A) vagus nerve; foramen magnum
B) trigeminal nerve; foramen ovale
C) acoustic nerve; external acoustic meatus
D) internal jugular vein; jugular foramen
E) internal carotid artery; jugular foramen

Question 40

The bony roof of the mouth is formed by ________ bone(s).

A) the palatine
B) the vomer
C) the maxillary
D) the sphenoid
E) both the palatine and maxillary

Question 41

Which of the following statements about the functions of the paranasal sinuses is False ?

A) They provide an extensive area of mucous epithelium.
B) They make skull bones lighter.
C) The mucus they secrete enters the nasal cavities.
D) They support cilia that move the mucus.
E) None of the above.all are True .

Question 42

What process is the insertion site for the temporalis muscle?

A) ramus of the mandible
B) condylar process
C) coronoid process
D) mastoid process
E) styloid process

Question 43

The hyoid bone is suspended by ________.

A) other bones
B) adipose tissue
C) tendons
D) ligaments
E) muscles

Question 44

A bent nasal septum that slows or prevents sinus drainage is known clinically as a ________ septum.

A) deviated
B) crooked
C) obstructive
D) deviant
E) restrictive

Question 45

As the result of an accident, Bill suffers a dislocated jaw. This injury would involve the

A) stylohyoid ligaments.
B) hyoid bone.
C) condylar process of the mandible.
D) alveolar process of the mandible.
E) greater cornu of the hyoid bone.

Question 46

You witness one of your friends in a fight. Your friend Gregg is hit in the jaw and when looking at him, his face looks misaligned. You immediately take him to the emergency room and are not surprised to learn that he has a broken

A) temporal bone.
B) zygomatic bone.
C) mandible.
D) external auditory meatus.
E) clavicle.

Question 47

The hyoid bone

A) attaches to tongue muscles.
B) is linked to the styloid process by a ligament.
C) is superior to the larynx.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 48

If there were no paranasal sinuses, all of the following would be True , except

A) the skull would be heavier.
B) stronger neck muscles would be required.
C) less mucus in the nasal cavity.
D) reduced ability to trap dust and particles.
E) the ability to sneeze would be impaired.

Question 49

The most significant skull growth occurs before the age of

A) 3.
B) 2.
C) 5.
D) 1.
E) 4.

Question 50

Each of the following bones is a component of the orbital complex, except the ________ bone.

A) lacrimal
B) nasal
C) sphenoid
D) ethmoid
E) frontal

Question 51

A nerve that carries sensory information from the teeth and gums of the lower jaw passes through the

A) ramus of the mandible.
B) condylar process.
C) mental foramen.
D) mandibular foramen.
E) maxillary foramen.

Question 52

While volunteering in an outpatient clinic for underprivileged families in your neighborhood, you observe the nurse assessing an infant. The mother had complained about the baby not eating and having several episodes of diarrhea lasting three days. You know the nurse suspects possible dehydration when she

A) checks the anterior fontanel for depression.
B) points out the dryness of the infant's diaper.
C) checks the infant's reflexes.
D) questions the mother about normal feeding habits.
E) none of the above

Question 53

What organ is located in the lacrimal fossa?

A) the pituitary gland
B) the inner ear
C) tear gland
D) the lacrimal ramus
E) the frontal sinus

Question 54

The paranasal sinuses are located in all of the following bones, except the

A) frontal.
B) ethmoid.
C) sphenoid.
D) maxillae.
E) zygomatic.

Question 55

The bony portion of the nasal septum is formed by the

A) nasal bones.
B) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.
C) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and vomer bones.
D) vomer and sphenoid bone.
E) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and sphenoid bones.

Question 56

While visiting your friend who recently gave birth, she comments on her infant's soft spot. You think to yourself that the correct term for the "soft spot" located at the intersection of the frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures is the

A) sphenoidal fontanel.
B) anterior fontanel.
C) occipital fontanel.
D) mastoid fontanel.
E) cushion spot.

Question 57

The nasal complex consists of all of the following bones, except the

A) zygomatic.
B) ethmoid.
C) sphenoid.
D) frontal.
E) maxillary.

Question 58

Each of the following statements concerning the development of the skull is True , except that

A) the bones of the skull develop from a single ossification focus.
B) at birth the cranial bones are connected by areas of fibrous connective tissue.
C) the growth of the cranium is usually coordinated with the growth of the brain.
D) the skulls of infants and adults differ in shape and structure of the skeletal elements.
E) the most significant growth of the skull occurs before the age of 5.

Question 59

Which of the following carries tears to the nasal cavity?

A) nasolacrimal canal
B) lacrimal fossa
C) infraorbital foramen
D) lacrimal sulcus
E) supraorbital notch

Question 60

The anterior fontanel is located

A) posterior to the frontal bone.
B) anterior to the parietal bones.
C) inferior to frontal bone.
D) posterior to the frontal bone and anterior to the parietal bones.
E) anterior to the parietal bones and inferior to frontal bone.

Question 61

As you proceed from the head down the vertebral column,

A) the vertebrae become larger and heavier.
B) the size of the vertebral foramen decreases.
C) the vertebral foramina vary in size.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 62

Figure 7-2 Typical Vertebra (inferior view)
Use Figure 7-2 to answer the following questions:
Where is the spinal cord located?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7

Question 63

Gesturing "no" with the head depends on the structure(s) of which cervical vertebrae?

A) atlas
B) axis
C) vertebra prominens
D) both atlas and axis
E) both atlas and vertebra prominens

Question 64

The odontoid process is found on the

A) atlas.
B) axis.
C) sacrum.
D) coccyx.
E) ribs.

Question 65

Figure 7-2 Typical Vertebra (inferior view)
Use Figure 7-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "2."

A) transverse process
B) superior articular process
C) pedicle
D) inferior articular process
E) lamina

Question 66

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and the

A) transverse processes.
B) spinous processes.
C) laminae.
D) transverse processes and spinous processes.
E) transverse processes, spinous processes, and laminae.

Question 67

Which of the following are distinctive features of thoracic vertebrae?

A) heart-shaped bodies
B) long spinous processes
C) rib articulations
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 68

The widest intervertebral discs are found in the ________ region.

A) cervical
B) thoracic
C) lumbar
D) sacral
E) coccygeal

Question 69

The vertebral column contains ________ thoracic vertebrae.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12
E) 31

Question 70

The four spinal curves include all but one of the following. Identify the exception.

A) thoracic
B) cervical
C) lumbar
D) axial
E) sacral

Question 71

The primary spinal curves

A) are also called compensation curves.
B) accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera.
C) develop several months after birth.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 72

The ribs articulate with the

A) cervical vertebrae.
B) thoracic vertebrae.
C) lumbar vertebrae.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 73

The four curves of the adult spinal column are not all present at birth. Which of the following are the secondary curves, those that do not appear until several months later?

A) cervical and lumbar
B) thoracic and lumbar
C) sacral and lumbar
D) thoracic and sacral
E) cervical and sacral

Question 74

The vertebra prominens is another name for the ________ vertebra.

A) first cervical
B) second cervical
C) seventh cervical
D) first thoracic
E) fifth lumbar

Question 75

The part of the vertebrae that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column is the

A) vertebral arch.
B) vertebral body.
C) articular processes.
D) intervertebral space.
E) none of the above

Question 76

________ curves of the spine develop late in fetal development.

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Compensation
D) Accommodation
E) all of the above

Question 77

Figure 7-2 Typical Vertebra (inferior view)
Use Figure 7-2 to answer the following questions:
Which structure contacts the intervertebral disc?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 78

Figure 7-2 Typical Vertebra (inferior view)
Use Figure 7-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "7."

A) transverse process
B) lamina
C) pedicle
D) vertebral body
E) spinous process

Question 79

Thoracic vertebrae can be distinguished from other vertebrae by the presence of

A) transverse processes.
B) transverse foramina.
C) facets for the articulation of ribs.
D) notched spinous processes.
E) costal cartilages.

Question 80

Figure 7-2 Typical Vertebra (inferior view)
Use Figure 7-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled " 1."

A) pedicle
B) transverse process
C) lamina
D) spinous process
E) transverse articular facet