Deck 8: Imagery

Question 1

Pylyshyn argued that imagery is a(n) _____, and that imagery is _____.

A) Epiphenomenon; propositional
B) Epiphenomenon; spatial
C) Hallucination; propositional
D) Hallucination; spatial

Answer 1

Epiphenomenon; propositional

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an example of a visual image?

A) Imagining your drive to work
B) Thinking about what outfit you'd like to wear to a party this weekend
C) Humming a song
D) Picturing red roses

Answer 2

Picturing red roses

Question 3

Researchers have found that, in regard to imagery and problem-solving, people take longer to imagine something changing if the movements required are _____.

A) shorter
B) longer
C) it doesn't make a difference

Answer 3

longer

Question 4

_____ imagery is to what one would see walking through the environment as _____ imagery is to a maplike image overview of the environment.

A) Abstract; scenographic
B) Scenographic; abstract
C) Mental; auditory
D) Visual; tactile

Question 5

Amanda is asked to study a list of words and recall them afterwards. She ends up having an easier time remembering the word set "cat; notebook desk;" than the word set "void; inherent; hypothetical." This illustrates _____.

A) Auditory imagery
B) The concreteness effect
C) The bizarreness effect
D) Tactile imagery

Question 6

Stephen Kosslyn believes that mental images are represented _____.

A) In black and white
B) Spatially
C) Propositionally
D) In patterns

Question 7

The _____ suggests that _____ are better remembered than _____.

A) Picture superiority effect; words; pictures
B) Word superiority effect; pictures; words
C) Picture superiority effect; pictures; words
D) Sentence superiority effect; letters; words

Question 8

The idea that information is represented nonspatially in the mind is called a _____.

A) propositional representation
B) spatial representation
C) hallucination
D) auditory image

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an example of imagery?

A) Imagining[imagining in A., B., and C. ok or stet?] the smell of freshly baked bread
B) Imaging how soft your baby sister's skin is
C) Imaging the sound of your mother's voice
D) Losing the ability to see

Question 10

Which of the following is the most accepted view of mental imagery?

A) Kosslyn's propositional view
B) Pylyshyn's propositional view
C) Kosslyn's spatial view
D) Pylyshyn's spatial view

Question 11

To support the notion that mental imagery is spatial, Kosslyn asked participants to move about an island. He believed that participants would take _____ to travel for _____ distances.

A) Less time; longer
B) More time; longer
C) More time; shorter
D) The same amount of time; varying [answer correct? Or stet and dd word 'in'?]

Question 12

Nonvisual imagery includes all of the following except _____.

A) visual
B) verbal
C) auditory
D) olfactory

Question 13

It is thought that pictures produce automatic encoding in ____, whereas words produce automatic encoding in _____.

A) three modalities; two modalities
B) one modality; three modalities
C) two modalities; one modality
D) one modality; two modalities

Question 14

Imagery is an example of a(n) _____.

A) sensation
B) mnemonic
C) pathology
D) illness

Question 15

All of the following are cognitive tasks that imagery is related to EXCEPT _____.

A) Memory
B) Problem-solving
C) Navigation abilities
D) Sleeping

Question 16

When Kosslyn had participants access different locations of an object or scene, he called this a _____ task.

A) Mental travel
B) Mental visual
C) Mental imagination
D) Mental hallucination

Question 17

Images are most often _____.

A) visual
B) auditory
C) olfactory
D) tactile

Question 18

_____ objects are easier to remember whereas _____ objects are harder to remember.

A) Abstract; concrete
B) Concrete; abstract

Question 19

Stacy thinks if athletes mentally imagine themselves practicing their basketball free throws, they will get better at it in real life. This supports the _____.

A) Concreteness effect
B) Bizarreness effect
C) Visual imagery theory
D) Motor imagery theory

Question 20

In the _____, words that rhyme with numbers are used as place holders in an ordered list.

A) Pegword mnemonic
B) Method of loci
C) The concreteness effect
D) The bizarreness effect

Question 21

People have an easier time imaging abstract objects[what is an abstract object - shd it be abstract topic or subject?] rather than concrete objects.

Question 22

The idea that imagery serves a primary role in prospective cognition means that _____.

A) Imagery allows us to make predictions about how things will go
B) Imagery predicts how your cognition will change
C) Imagery predicts the future

Question 23

Kosslyn believed that visual imagery is an epiphenomenon of perception, or not directly related to the process of perception.

Question 24

Imagery plays a large role in episodic memory.

Question 25

The accepted view of imagery is that it is spatially represented.

Question 26

Pylyshyn argued that mental images represent propositional representation.

Question 27

In which way is visual imagery not necessarily useful?

A) When you want to relax
B) When you are trying to remember something
C) When you are trying to predict the outcome of a situation
D) When you are sleeping

Question 28

Kosslyn argued against the idea of imagery being represented spatially.

Question 29

Which of the following sentences does not support the propositional representation of imagery?

A) The boy walked his dog.
B) The girl had a tea party.
C) The bird fed its babies.
D) The man's car drove him.

Question 30

_____ has been found to be more helpful in navigating an environment.

A) Scenographic imagery
B) Abstract imagery
C) Auditory imagery
D) Tactile imagery

Question 31

Paivio's dual-coding theory suggests that imagery has both a _____ code and a _____ code.

A) Verbal; nonverbal
B) Visual; tactile
C) Olfactory; visual
D) Auditory; olfactory

Question 32

Studies have shown that mentally rehearsing actions such as volleyball serves helps improve the actual action.

Question 33

Images can be not only visual, but also auditory, olfactory, or tactile.

Question 34

Which of the following sentences is most likely to be remembered?

A) The teacher sorted the homework in his file.
B) The gardener ate the mulch from the truck.
C) The reporter interviewed the senator at the charity event.
D) The maid spilled ammonia on the table.

Question 35

Elizabeth Loftus suggested that _____ an event caused False memories for the event.

A) imagining
B) experiencing
C) living through
D) sleeping through

Question 36

Imagery precedes social interaction.

Question 37

Elizabeth Loftus showed that subjects who are asked to "remember" things from their childhood, even though they did not really experience these events, _____.

A) Thought she was crazy
B) Told her they did not remember the events
C) Created stories to go along with the event
D) Thought they were hallucinating

Question 38

Which word is least likely to be remembered?

A) kitten
B) box
C) truck
D) void

Question 39

A person is told to imagine an image of a plane and asked to begin each trial by focusing on the cockpit. In the first trial, they are asked a question about the engine. In the second trial, they are questioned about the tail. According to Kosslyn's theory, it should take the person longer to answer the question about the engine of the plane as compared to the question about the tail.

Question 40

The _____ is a memory aid where images of to-be-remembered information are created with locations along a familiar route or place.

A) Pegword mnemonic
B) Method of loci
C) Bizarreness effect
D) The picture superiority effect

Question 41

Compare and contrast Kosslyn's and Pylyshyn's views of mental imagery. Provide examples to support your answer.

Question 42

Discuss the idea that imagery may not always be a positive thing. Cite several examples from published research.

Question 43

Discuss a way that you could test the role of imagery in motor performance.