Deck 15: The Digestive System

Question 1

Which nutrient requires the least energy expenditure to arrive in the blood stream?

A)Fructose
B)Glucose
C)Amino acids
D)Fatty acids and monoglycerides

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the illustration,which organ secretes digestive enzymes and produces hormones?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the name of the process pictured here?

A)Digestion
B)Absorption
C)Peristalsis
D)Maceration

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is the function of salivary amylase?

A)Digest lipids
B)Digest starch
C)Digest sucrose
D)Digest protein

Question 5

Where does peristalsis start during deglutition?

A)Mouth
B)Pharynx
C)Esophagus
D)Stomach

Question 6

What is the purpose of mixing waves in the stomach?

A)Stimulation of small intestine
B)Initiation of the ejection of digestive enzymes
C)Mixing gastric juices with bolus
D)Reverse peristalsis

Question 7

Which macromolecules are digested in the stomach?

A)Carbohydrates
B)Fats
C)Proteins
D)Fats and proteins

Question 8

What is the function of structure C?

A)Production of enzymes necessary for digestion
B)Absorption of water
C)Storage of bile
D)Absorption of vitamins

Question 9

The hepatic portal system is composed of blood vessels that bring _________.

A)nutrient-rich blood to the liver for processing
B)oxygen-rich blood to the liver
C)oxygen-poor blood away from the liver
D)bile to the small intestine

Question 10

What is the name of structure D?

A)Appendix
B)Anus
C)Transverse colon
D)Rectum

Question 11

A cavity is damage to which region of the tooth?

A)Dentin
B)Enamel
C)Pulp
D)Root

Question 12

With what digestive organ are these structures associated?

A)Tongue
B)Liver
C)Small intestine
D)Pancreas

Question 13

What is the purpose of the acidic conditions of the stomach?

A)It is necessary to absorb vitamin B₁₂.
B)The acid digests the protein.
C)It activates pepsin and kills microbes.
D)The acid creates small holes called gastric pits, which release the digestive enzymes of the stomach.

Question 14

What is the function of structure B?

A)Begin digestion of carbohydrates
B)Begin digestion of proteins
C)Absorption of lipids
D)Absorption of proteins

Question 15

Which teeth are for piercing and ripping?

A)Incisors
B)Canines
C)Premolars
D)Molars

Question 16

Which stage of swallowing is shown here?

A)Voluntary stage
B)Pharyngeal stage
C)Esophageal stage
D)Pyloric stage

Question 17

The ileum is part of which structure?

A)Large intestine
B)Stomach
C)Small intestine
D)Pancreas

Question 18

Which layer of the GI tract is responsible for peristalsis?

A)Mucosa
B)Submucosa
C)Muscularis
D)Serosa

Question 19

What is the function of structure C?

A)Absorption of lipids
B)Production of saliva
C)Production of enzymes necessary for digestion
D)Digestion and absorption of water

Question 20

What is the name of the structure labeled A?

A)Salivary gland
B)Mouth
C)Pharynx
D)Tongue

Question 21

Most digestion and absorption occurs in the:

A)oral cavity.
B)esophagus.
C)stomach.
D)small intestine.

Question 22

Once food passes the lower esophageal sphincter,it cannot reverse and flow backwards.

Question 23

The stomach is involved only in chemical digestion.

Question 24

During phase B the release of which hormone increases?

A)CCK
B)Secretin
C)Gastrin
D)Pepsin

Question 25

The tonsils and MALT are both immune structures associated with the digestive system.

Question 26

Some enzymes are free-floating in the fluid of the bolus and chyme,while others are located on the surface of the cells of the small intestine.

Question 27

Mesenteries are folds in the abdominal lining that help to secure the digestive organs.

Question 28

Where is pepsin produced?

A)Salivary glands
B)Stomach
C)Liver
D)Pancreas

Question 29

The intestinal phase of gastric digestion begins when chyme starts to leave the stomach through the pyloric sphincter.

Question 30

What is a hydrolase?

A)An enzyme that digests water.
B)A cell that makes hydrochloric acid.
C)An enzyme that digests polymers by inserting water molecules between monomers.
D)A cell that absorbs water in the colon.

Question 31

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates takes place:

A)in the mouth.
B)in the stomach.
C)in the small intestine.
D)in the mouth and small intestine.

Question 32

The function of Peyers patches is the:

A)production of digestive enzymes.
B)protection from pathogens.
C)absorption of fats.
D)production of hormones.

Question 33

Chewing is an example of:

A)mechanical digestion.
B)chemical digestion.
C)enzymatic digestion.
D)peristalsis.

Question 34

If we don't eat,we can break down glycogen and convert fats and proteins into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels.

Question 35

What is the substrate for trypsin?

A)Starch
B)Proteins
C)Triglycerides
D)Lipids

Question 36

The portion of the large intestine just before the rectum is the:

A)sigmoid colon.
B)anus.
C)cecum.
D)appendix.

Question 37

Cows feed on grass which humans can't digest and therefore expand the food supply.

Question 38

In the diagram,the arrow is pointing at the:

A)rugae sphincter.
B)duodenal sphincter.
C)esophageal sphincter.
D)pyloric sphincter.

Question 39

Which nutrient must be converted into a chylomicron prior to being absorbed?

A)Triglycerides
B)Glucose
C)Starch
D)Amino acids

Question 40

What kind of enzyme is shown in this picture?

A)Hepatocyte
B)Synthatase
C)Hydrolase
D)Synthase

Question 41

E.coli is not normally found in the digestive system; it is only found when a person has acquired food poisoning from eating tainted food.

Question 42

All digestive enzymes work best at pH 7.

Question 43

All digestive enzymes except for two,act in the small intestine.

Question 44

Mechanical digestion alters chemical bonds.