Deck 16: The Urinary System

Question 1

Which structure directs urine into the ureter?

A)Renal hilus
B)Renal pelvis
C)Glomerulus
D)Urethra

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The distal convoluted tubule empties into a/the:

A)collecting duct.
B)renal pelvis.
C)loop of Henle.
D)proximal convoluted tubule.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which substance is found in blood plasma but not in the fluid of the glomerular capsule?

A)Water
B)Amino acids
C)Ions
D)Large proteins

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which structure is labeled B?

A)Renal capsule
B)Renal pyramid
C)Renal papilla
D)Renal pelvis

Question 5

Which represents the correct order of the following blood vessels: 1 - afferent arteriole,2 - efferent arteriole,3 - glomerulus,4 - peritubular capillaries?

A)4, 3, 2, 1
B)1, 2, 3, 4
C)2, 4, 1, 3
D)1, 3, 2, 4

Question 6

The organs of the urinary system are responsible for:

A)regulation of body temperature.
B)regulation of the fluid environment of the body.
C)removal of pathogens.
D)regulation of respiration.

Question 7

In the diagram the urethra is represented by the letter:

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.

Question 8

The name of the blood vessel bringing blood to the glomerulus is:

A)the renal artery.
B)the efferent arteriole.
C)the afferent arteriole.
D)the proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 9

The renal pyramids are located in the:

A)renal cortex.
B)renal medulla.
C)renal papilla.
D)renal pelvis.

Question 10

Which structure is labeled D?

A)Glomerulus
B)PCT
C)DCT
D)loop of Henle

Question 11

Why is blood vessel C smaller in diameter than blood vessel A?

A)There is less blood volume in C
B)To create back pressure
C)There is more blood volume in A
D)A is an artery and arteries are larger than veins

Question 12

Which structure is labeled A?

A)Renal pelvis
B)Renal capsule
C)Renal cortex
D)Renal medulla

Question 13

Which structure contains fluid that is most closely similar to the urine that will be expelled?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 14

What occurs in the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

A)Filtration
B)Water reasborption
C)Secretion of sodium ions
D)Secretion of potassium ions

Question 15

Which part of the urinary system does the filtering of the blood?

A)Nephron
B)Urethra
C)Renal pelvis
D)Bladder

Question 16

What is happening in the PCT?

A)Filtration
B)Secretion
C)Reabsorption
D)Filtration and Reabsorption

Question 17

If your systolic pressure drops below _______ mm Hg,glomerular filtration will cease.

A)60
B)80
C)100
D)120

Question 18

What is the name of the blood vessel labeled B?

A)Afferent arteriole
B)Peritubular capillaries
C)Glomerulus
D)Efferent arteriole

Question 19

Which region is involved in producing the urine?

A)Ab)B
C)C
D)All of these choices
E)A and B

Question 20

Which structure is labeled A?

A)Collecting duct
B)Glomerular capsule
C)PCT
D)DCT

Question 21

Which structure does ADH affect?

A)Glomerular capsule
B)PCT
C)DCT
D)Collecting duct
E)DCT and collecting duct

Question 22

Which large molecule is not normally found in urine?

A)Albumin
B)Urea
C)Amino acids
D)Glucose

Question 23

Which structure is labeled B?

A)Renal artery
B)Renal vein
C)PCT
D)Ureter

Question 24

In the process diagram,what is the change in box A?

A)Blood pH is too acidic.
B)Urine pH is too acidic.
C)Blood pH is too basic.
D)Urine pH is too acidic.

Question 25

If the blood is too acidic,the kidneys can:

A)excrete hydrogen ions.
B)send hydrogen ions into the blood.
C)excrete bicarbonate ions.
D)produce more urine.

Question 26

Which hormone directly affects the permeability of the collecting duct to water?

A)ANP
B)ADH
C)BNP
D)Aldosterone

Question 27

What effect does a high-protein diet have on the pH of urine?

A)Keeps it in the normal range
B)Increases the acidity
C)Increases the alkalinity
D)Causes an excess of bicarbonate ions in the urine

Question 28

The kidneys help regulate blood pressure.

Question 29

The procedure in which fluid is placed into the abdominal cavity to assist in cleansing the blood is called:

A)urinalysis.
B)hemodialysis.
C)a kidney transplant.
D)peritoneal dialysis.

Question 30

The first step in urine formation is tubular secretion.

Question 31

Glucose in the urine is an indication of:

A)overeating.
B)starvation.
C)diabetes mellitus.
D)homeostasis (it is normal to have glucose in the urine).

Question 32

Why are females more susceptible to urinary tract infections?

A)Females have a shorter urethra.
B)Females have a larger bladder.
C)Males have a smaller bladder.
D)Females have a shorter urethra and a larger bladder.

Question 33

Each kidney has millions more nephrons than it needs.

Question 34

The fluid in the glomerular capsule drains into the proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 35

Breakdown products of drugs are secreted into the filtrate at the DCT.

Question 36

The functional unit of the kidney is the ureter.

Question 37

What is the function of structure C?

A)Filter blood
B)Produce urine
C)Store urine
D)Transport urine

Question 38

Which hormone(s)affect(s)salt regulation?

A)ANP
B)BNP
C)Aldosterone
D)All of these choices

Question 39

Micturition is like defecation in that part of the process is a reflex and part of it can be consciously controlled.

Question 40

Both caffeine and alcohol:

A)increase sodium ion reabsorption.
B)decrease production of aldosterone.
C)decrease production of ADH.
D)increase water reabsorption.

Question 41

Urinalysis can detect excessively high blood pressure by measuring the amount of albumin in the urine.

Question 42

The removal of solutes will cause the formation of dilute urine.

Question 43

Urinalysis can produce false positive results for certain drugs because it does not test for the specific drug but rather the breakdown products.