Deck 2: Setting: The Study of Local Musics

Question 1

In a worship service for the Hindu deity Ganesh,when and why is an Aarati performed?

A)At the beginning,to focus the worshippers' thoughts
B)At the beginning,to invoke several related deities
C)In the middle,to transition into the faster second half of the service
D)At the end,to atone for any mistakes made during the service
E)At the end,to purify all worshippers present at the service

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Beginning in 1935,new technology enabled Indian films to use the "playback song," which was:

A)sung by actors on camera and then rerecorded by them on 78-rpm records.
B)sung by actors on camera and then rerecorded by professional singers on 78-rpm records.
C)sung by professional singers on camera and then recorded by them on 78-rpm records.
D)prerecorded by actors and then lip-synched by them on camera.
E)prerecorded by professional singers and then lip-synched by actors on camera.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the gamelan is true?

A)It was first developed in Bali.
B)It was used exclusively in religious ceremonies in Bali.
C)It spread to North America,Latin America,and Africa.
D)It had a harmful effect on the Balinese tourist industry.
E)It was restricted to Indonesia by the Indonesian government.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Ghanaian highlife was created by drawing on which of the following musical traditions?

A)Sea chanteys
B)European military band music
C)Church hymns
D)Piano music
E)All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following questions is NOT important to ask when considering music's setting?

A)What instruments are used?
B)What makes up a city's musical life?
C)Where is the music performed?
D)When is the music heard?
E)Who makes the music?

Question 6

The interlocking musical parts played in the Balinese gamelan are called:

A)gangsa.
B)angsel.
C)kotekan.
D)coladeira.
E)cavaquinho.

Question 7

The Balinese gamelan includes all of the following instruments EXCEPT:

A)a bowed lute called a rebab.
B)metal flutes called suling.
C)bronze gongs that are struck with mallets.
D)cylindrical membranophones called kendang.
E)a gangsa family of keyed metal idiophones.

Question 8

The Portuguese singer Amália Rodrigues performed Fado Lisboeta in an expressive and dramatic way by using tempo changes called:

A)rubato.
B)kotekan.
C)coladeira.
D)cavaquinho.
E)atumpan.

Question 9

The Portuguese musical form called fado is often performed to express:

A)nostalgia for the country left behind.
B)mourning for the recently deceased.
C)historical narratives about important families.
D)political protest against an oppressive regime.
E)moral expectations for teenagers entering adulthood.

Question 10

The shimmering sound of Balinese gamelan music is created by tuning two similar instruments at slightly different frequencies to produce:

A)overtones.
B)harmonics.
C)colotomics.
D)beating tones.
E)whistle tones.

Question 11

Music of the Balinese gamelan gong kebyar is distinguished by its use of sudden breaks or interruptions called:

A)gangsa.
B)angsel.
C)kotekan.
D)coladeira.
E)cavaquinho.

Question 12

Ballads are narrative songs performed to:

A)accompany funeral services.
B)accompany group and couple dances.
C)commemorate important events and individuals.
D)coordinate workers doing repetitive physical tasks.
E)pass religious principles on to younger generations.

Question 13

The dominant sound of the Balinese gamelan is created by:

A)flutes.
B)cylindrical drums.
C)bowed string instruments.
D)plucked string instruments.
E)bronze gongs and xylophones.

Question 14

Which of the following instruments would be appropriate for performing an Irish American ballad?

A)The sikus
B)The shankh
C)The panpipes
D)The uilleann pipes
E)The Highland bagpipes

Question 15

The coladeira is a:

A)fast Indian film song.
B)fast Cape Verdean dance song.
C)slow Portuguese ballad.
D)moderate-tempo Irish American ballad.
E)moderate-tempo Ewe funeral song.

Question 16

The two interlocking parts of the kotekan in Balinese gamelan music are called:

A)polos and sangsih.
B)gangsa and angsel.
C)suling and rebab.
D)"male" and "female" kendang.
E)trompong and reyong.

Question 17

What are affinity communities?

A)Funeral associations formed in Accra by the Ewe people
B)Immigrant groups formed to protest ethnic discrimination
C)Groups of people who come together to participate in particular forms of musicmaking
D)Lineages of well-known singers in the Portuguese fado tradition
E)Devotees of the deity Ganesh in India and the Indian diaspora

Question 18

The pennywhistle would usually be used to perform a (n):

A)Ewe funeral song.
B)Irish American ballad.
C)Indian film song.
D)contemporary gamelan composition.
E)Hindu praise song.

Question 19

The cavaquinho is a (n):

A)Irish frame drum.
B)twelve-stringed Portuguese guitar.
C)set of Peruvian bamboo panpipes.
D)Indian plucked lute that plays repeated pitches,or drones.
E)high-pitched Cape Verdean chordophone that is strummed and plucked.

Question 20

The "broken chords" played by the guitar in Fado Lisboeta are called:

A)sikus.
B)arpeggios.
C)beating tones.
D)polos.
E)kotekan.

Question 21

The ________ dance and accompanying songs are typically performed at Ewe social gatherings
and funerals.

Question 22

The rhythmic cycles of Balinese gamelan music are marked by a conch shell that is blown at the
end of one cycle and the beginning of the next.

Question 23

The term ________ encompasses the multiple contexts in which music is conceived,created,transmitted,performed,and remembered.

Question 24

The tremolo technique is used on a bowed string instrument by shaking the bow back and forth.

Question 25

The kotekan technique of dividing a gamelan melody into two interlocking parts played by two people makes it possible to play the music at a slower speed.

Question 26

A pair of similar gamelan instruments will be tuned exactly alike to produce the shimmering sound known as beating tones.

Question 27

The atumpan are talking drums that were once used in Ghana to communicate and to tell historical narratives.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about folk music revivals is true?

A)They typically occur in rural areas.
B)One occurred in the United States in the 1950s.
C)They are usually distanced from political causes.
D)They are usually limited to the performance of old songs.
E)They often maintain a separation between performer and audience.

Question 29

In the Indian film industry,Lata Mangeshkar and her sisters were among the most famous ________ ________ who sang the songs that on-screen actors lip-synched.

Question 30

The early music scene in Boston is an example of historically informed performance practice.

Question 31

The most important type of gamelan in twentieth-century Bali was the gamelan gong kebyar.

Question 32

An early music ensemble would use viols to reconstruct the sound of music from an earlier era.

Question 33

In the earliest years of the Indian film industry,filmi git were lip-synched by actors and actresses.

Question 34

An early music ensemble would probably include which of the following instruments?

A)The bodhrán
B)The sikus
C)Gangsa
D)Viols
E)Suling

Question 35

Music scholars have long used the term "folk music" to refer to music that is transmitted through written traditions by professional musicians.

Question 36

Like the Australian didjeridu and the Armenian duduk,the flutes of the Balinese gamelan are played using the circular breathing technique.

Question 37

Accra's history can be heard in highlife,a musical style that combines elements of sea chanteys,European military music,and church music.

Question 38

Tempo changes called rubato are used to sing fado in an expressive and dramatic way.

Question 39

People typically follow the same musical pathways throughout their lives.

Question 40

The sitar is a plucked lute that is traditionally used in a minor accompanying role in Indian music.

Question 41

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.ghazal
b.buskers
c.atumpan
d.swaramandal
e.sikus
Large,goblet-shaped drums associated with the Akan people of Ghana

Question 42

Amália Rodrigues was a famous fado singer,or ________,known for her ability to convey longing
or yearning through her singing.

Question 43

A ________ ________ is a flatted-third scale step often used in the blues.

Question 44

Music in three-part,or ________,form consists of three sections (A B A).

Question 45

English ballads like Barbara Allen were transmitted orally and through printed texts called ________.

Question 46

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.agbadza
b.bhajan
c.shankh
d.tanpura
e.bodhrán
A Hindu devotional song

Question 47

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.agbadza
b.bhajan
c.shankh
d.tanpura
e.bodhrán
An Irish frame drum

Question 48

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.ghazal
b.buskers
c.atumpan
d.swaramandal
e.sikus
A secular,strophic Urdu-language song that was adapted for use in Indian films

Question 49

Boston has a lively soundscape of ________ ________,in which musicians perform music from
the past on reconstructed instruments to revive the sounds of earlier eras.

Question 50

Explain how different indoor and outdoor performance spaces in Boston provide venues for a wide range of musical styles that are of interest to members of the city's diverse communities.

Question 51

The gongs in the Balinese gamelan serve melodic functions and time-keeping,or ________,functions.

Question 52

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.ghazal
b.buskers
c.atumpan
d.swaramandal
e.sikus
Peruvian panpipes made from bamboo

Question 53

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.ghazal
b.buskers
c.atumpan
d.swaramandal
e.sikus
A plucked zither that is played in Hindu worship services

Question 54

Explain how the film song Mum-Bhai demonstrates the synthesis of local and cosmopolitan elements that is common in music in the city of Mumbai.

Question 55

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.agbadza
b.bhajan
c.shankh
d.tanpura
e.bodhrán
An Indian plucked lute that plays a constant drone

Question 56

The central pitch of a melody like The Ballad of Buddy McClean is called the ________.

Question 57

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.agbadza
b.bhajan
c.shankh
d.tanpura
e.bodhrán
A conch shell that is blown in Hindu worship services

Question 58

In Bali,________ music was traditionally used in religious and secular ceremonies,as well as in musical theater.

Question 59

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.agbadza
b.bhajan
c.shankh
d.tanpura
e.bodhrán
A dance and song performed at Ewe funerals and social gatherings

Question 60

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.ghazal
b.buskers
c.atumpan
d.swaramandal
e.sikus
Street musicians who perform when shops and restaurants are open

Question 61

Explain how two different ballad traditions discussed in Chapter 2 reflect the different settings in which they were created.