Deck 13: Family and Religion

Question 1

Feminist theory links the operation of the family to patriarchy.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Romantic love is the basis of marriage in preindustrial societies.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Structural-functional theory points out how family perpetuates social inequality.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

African Americans and Asian Americans show significant differences in typical family form.

Question 5

Exogamy means that parents of similar social position pass on their standing to their children.

Question 6

Polyandry unites in marriage one female with two or more males.

Question 7

Bilateral descent is found in societies that have a relatively high level of gender equality.

Question 8

Another name for the extended family is the conjugal family.

Question 9

Research indicates that a majority of U.S.married males are unfaithful to their partners at some point in their marriage.

Question 10

Social class affects what women expect in a husband.

Question 11

In most African nations, the law permits a man to have more than one wife.

Question 12

The trend in the United States is toward more racially mixed marriages.

Question 13

In 2012, a majority of people in the United States say that they oppose dating between black and white people.

Question 14

The dominant residential form in the United States is neolocality.

Question 15

Around the world, most marriages have been polygamous.

Question 16

In traditional societies, parents may arrange the marriages of their very young children.

Question 17

Parents and children form what sociologists call the extended family.

Question 18

Endogamy refers to the pattern of people marrying partners from the same social category.

Question 19

Grandmothers have an especially important role in African American families.

Question 20

Kinship is based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

Question 21

In vitro fertilization refers to conception by an unmarried couple.

Question 22

Faith refers to what we know to be True based on what our five senses tell us.

Question 23

Singlehood is gaining popularity among young people in the United States.

Question 24

A totem is any object defined by members of a society as profane.

Question 25

More than half of people in the United States who divorce remarry, most within four years.

Question 26

People in the United States today are more accepting of divorce than they were a century ago.

Question 27

Religion is a social institution involving beliefs and practices based on what is sacred.

Question 28

Ritual refers to activity in which the sacred is embodied in formal, ceremonial behavior.

Question 29

Men are more likely to be killed by a spouse, partner, or ex-partner than women.

Question 30

Most research suggests that growing up in a one-parent family disadvantages children.

Question 31

The symbolic-interaction approach treats religion as socially constructed meaning that provides greater certainty and security for our lives.

Question 32

One of the functions of religion for society is to operate as a system of social control.

Question 33

The same elements of life are defined as sacred throughout the world.

Question 34

In recent years, same-sex marriage has become legal in all states within the United States.

Question 35

The concept "sacred" refers to the familiar, everyday elements of life.

Question 36

Before they reach the age of eighteen, almost half of U.S.children live with only one parent for some period of time.

Question 37

One reason for today's high divorce rate in the United States is that women are more economically dependent on men.

Question 38

Most cohabiting parents continue to live together with their children until the children reach adulthood.

Question 39

Jessie Bernard claimed that women would be happier in marriage if men did not expect them to do almost all the housework.

Question 40

Emile Durkheim claimed that, in religious life, people celebrate the awesome power of their society.

Question 41

Members of denominations typically accept religious pluralism.

Question 42

In the United States, some religion denominations (such as Episcopalians) have higher average social standing than others (such as Baptists).

Question 43

Members of a sect accept the surrounding society as good.

Question 44

The concept "civil religion" refers to tolerating practices and beliefs that differ from your own.

Question 45

In the United States, people who hold fundamentalist beliefs generally support traditional, otherworldly religion.

Question 46

The United States is a less religious society than, say, Japan or Sweden.

Question 47

"Seekers" who pursue "New Age" spirituality believe that everything and everyone is connected by a divine force or plan.

Question 48

Most spiritual "seekers" are closely tied to established denominations.

Question 49

Charisma is a personal quality that lets someone attract others as followers.

Question 50

The family is a social institution that is found in

A) most, but not all, societies.
B) about half of human societies in the world today.
C) high-income nations, but not in most low-income nations.
D) every society.

Question 51

A cult is a religious organization largely outside of a society's cultural traditions.

Question 52

Secularization refers to the historical increase in the importance of religion.

Question 53

Karl Marx investigated the positive functions of religion for social life.

Question 54

TheCHAPTER-opening story of Rosa Yniguez, who came from Mexico to live and raise her three children in California, makes the point that

A) family patterns often change among immigrants to this country.
B) Hispanic women avoid forming families.
C) today's Latinas are having more and more children.
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 55

Max Weber argued that the rise of industrial capitalism was encouraged by Calvinist religious doctrine.

Question 56

Animism refers to the belief that God is an active force in the world.

Question 57

All world religions define women as more morally worthy than men.

Question 58

Churches place greater importance on the personal experience of conversion than sects do.

Question 59

State churches are found in societies that hold to the "separation of church and state."

Question 60

A church is a type of social organization that is well integrated into the larger society.

Question 61

A family that includes parents, children and other kin is called

A) a nuclear family.
B) an extended family.
C) a family of affinity.
D) a conjugal family.

Question 62

A system of marriage that unites only two partners is called

A) polygyny.
B) polygamy.
C) polyandry.
D) monogamy.

Question 63

The incest taboo

A) exists only in industrial societies.
B) is found in all societies.
C) is found among all living species.
D) is defined the same way in all societies.

Question 64

According to the structural-functional approach, which of the following is counted among the tasks of the family?

A) socialization of the young
B) regulation of sexual activity
C) social placement
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 65

Assume you were visiting a society in which people traced family ties only through women.This society would correctly be called

A) patrilocal.
B) matrilineal.
C) matrilocal.
D) polygynous.

Question 66

Which of the following are typically traits of marriage?

A) a legal relationship
B) sexual activity and childbearing
C) economic cooperation
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 67

The concept "patrilocality" refers to

A) rule of men over women.
B) a residential pattern by which a married couple lives near the husband's family.
C) a system of tracing descent through males.
D) a family composed of only males.

Question 68

People include as "kin" others to whom they are linked by

A) ancestry.
B) marriage.
C) adoption.
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 69

The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between

A) people of the same sex.
B) people of different social categories.
C) people of the same social category.
D) people related by birth.

Question 70

Following structural-functional theory, the family

A) operates to perpetuate social inequality.
B) is important enough to be called the backbone of society.
C) encourages patriarchy.
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 71

A system of marriage that unites one woman with two or more men is called

A) polygyny.
B) polygamy.
C) polyandry.
D) monogamy.

Question 72

A social-exchange analysis of family life is likely to consider

A) how families keep society as a whole operating.
B) how families perpetuate social inequality.
C) how individuals select partners who offer about as much as they do to the relationship.
D) how families regulate sexual activity.

Question 73

In the United States, romantic love

A) is the reason most people expect to marry.
B) is not a very stable foundation for marriage.
C) may contribute to a high divorce rate.
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 74

Social conflict and feminist theories explain that families perpetuate social inequality in U.S.society through

A) inheritance of private property.
B) encouraging patriarchy.
C) passing on racial and ethnic inequality.
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 75

Typically, industrial societies make use of which of the following systems to trace ancestry?

A) bilateral descent
B) matrilineal descent
C) patrilineal descent
D) neolocality

Question 76

The U.S.Census Bureau defines the "family" as

A) people who live together.
B) people who engage in economic cooperation.
C) people living together who are linked by birth, marriage, or adoption.
D) people who consider themselves to be a family.

Question 77

A family composed of one or two parents and their children is called

A) a nuclear family.
B) an extended family.
C) a family of affinity.
D) a consanguine family.

Question 78

To which region of the world would you travel if you wanted to visit many countries where the law permits polygamy?

A) Africa
B) North America
C) South America
D) Scandinavia

Question 79

The concept "homogamy" means that

A) people marry because they benefit from being married.
B) women usually marry older men.
C) people marry others who are socially like themselves.
D) most marriages are based on romantic love.

Question 80

In traditional regions of many lower-income countries, such as Sri Lanka, marriage

A) has little to do with romantic love.
B) is unknown.
C) is delayed until the people reach their thirties.
D) almost always ends in divorce.