Deck 10: The Muscular System

Question 1

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
Humerus-ulna joint.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Match the following muscle actions:

A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
Powerful wrist flexor that also stabilizes the wrist during finger extension.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Match the following muscle actions:

A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexes the wrist.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:
Pectoralis minor.

Question 5

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:
Sternocleidomastoid

Question 6

Match the following muscle actions:

A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
Slow-acting finger flexor.

Question 7

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:
Deltoid

Question 8

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
First-class lever.

Question 9

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
The latissimus dorsi.

Question 10

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
The action of lifting a shovel of snow.

Question 11

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
Levator scapulae.

Question 12

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:
Serratus anterior.

Question 13

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
Second-class lever.

Question 14

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
Tibia-calcaneus joint.

Question 15

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
Teres major muscle.

Question 16

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:
Atlanto-occipital joint.

Question 17

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
Trapezius muscle.

Question 18

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
Retract scapula.

Question 19

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:
Rotates scapula.

Question 20

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:
Coracobrachialis.

Question 21

In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used.

Question 22

Match the following:

A) Synergist
B) Agonist
C) Antagonist
D) Fixator
Muscle that is primarily responsible for bringing about a particular movement.

Question 23

The major head flexors are the sternocleidomastoid muscles, with the help of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone.

Question 24

A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever.

Question 25

Match the following:

A) Synergist
B) Agonist
C) Antagonist
D) Fixator
Muscle that opposes and reverses the action of another muscle.

Question 26

Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.

Question 27

Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators.

Question 28

Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.

Question 29

Match the following:

A) Synergist
B) Agonist
C) Antagonist
D) Fixator
Muscle that stabilizes the origin of another muscle.

Question 30

Match the following muscle actions:

A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
Extends the thumb.

Question 31

The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction.

Question 32

Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.

Question 33

Deep muscles of the thorax promote movements for breathing.

Question 34

Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists.

Question 35

The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.

Question 36

The muscle that prevents the biting of the cheek when chewing is the buccinator.

Question 37

Match the following muscle actions:

A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
Extends and abducts the wrist.

Question 38

Match the following:

A) Synergist
B) Agonist
C) Antagonist
D) Fixator
Muscle that aids another by promoting the same movement.

Question 39

Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.

Question 40

The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.

Question 41

The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.

Question 42

What is the major factor controlling how levers work?

A) the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever
B) the weight of the load
C) the direction the load is being moved
D) the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum

Question 43

What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?

A) the length
B) the shape
C) the number of neurons innervating it
D) the total number of muscle cells available for contraction

Question 44

What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?

A) a synergist
B) an agonist
C) an antagonist
D) a fixator

Question 45

The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones.

Question 46

When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?

A) The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.
B) The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than other muscles, respectively.
C) The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively.
D) The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.

Question 47

Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.

Question 48

Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity of contracting muscles.

Question 49

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?

A) They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.
B) They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.
C) They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.
D) They are often called strap muscles.

Question 50

Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?

A) a first-class lever
B) a second-class lever
C) a third-class lever
D) a fourth-class lever

Question 51

The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body.

Question 52

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?

A) to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally
B) to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction
C) to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi
D) to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major

Question 53

The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?

A) The muscle flexes and rotates a region.
B) The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint.
C) The muscle elevates
D) The muscle functions as a synergist.

Question 54

Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.

Question 55

The most powerful muscle in the body is the ________.

A) quadriceps femoris
B) rectus abdominis
C) gastrocnemius
D) gluteus maximus

Question 56

Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle?

A) supraspinatus
B) levator scapulae
C) teres minor
D) subscapularis

Question 57

Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process?

A) diaphragm
B) external intercostal
C) internal intercostal
D) latissimus dorsi

Question 58

Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles.

Question 59

What muscle is primarily responsible for preventing foot drop?

A) extensor digitorum longus
B) tibialis anterior
C) extensor hallucis longus
D) fibularis tertius

Question 60

Most superficial thorax muscles are extrinsic shoulder muscles.

Question 61

Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?

A) muscle location
B) the type of muscle fibers
C) the type of action they cause
D) muscle shape

Question 62

Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings?

A) gracilis
B) semitendinosus
C) semimembranosus
D) biceps femoris

Question 63

A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called?

A) platysma
B) masseter
C) zygomaticus
D) buccinator

Question 64

Which of the following muscles is not a member of the hamstrings group?

A) vastus intermedius
B) semitendinosus
C) semimembranosus
D) biceps brachii

Question 65

What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?

A) speed levers
B) power levers
C) functional levers
D) dysfunctional levers

Question 66

Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?

A) It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.
B) It pulls the lower lip down and back.
C) It draws the eyebrows together.
D) It closes the eye.

Question 67

Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions?

A) the triceps brachii
B) the anconeus
C) the brachioradialis
D) the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 68

Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position?

A) the gastrocnemius
B) the sartorius
C) all of the hamstrings
D) the quadriceps femoris

Question 69

A cute, little curly-haired child is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use?

A) orbicularis oris
B) stylohyoid
C) hyoglossus
D) genioglossus

Question 70

Which muscle group is involved when a "pulled groin" occurs?

A) quadricepts
B) thigh adductors
C) lateral rotators
D) hamstrings

Question 71

Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?

A) the medial pterygoid
B) the zygomaticus major
C) the frontal belly of the epicranius
D) the temporalis

Question 72

Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis.

A) serratus anterior
B) zygomaticus
C) platysma
D) sternocleidomastoid

Question 73

A muscle that opposes, or reverses, a particular movement is a(n) ________.

A) antagonist
B) fixator
C) synergist
D) agonist

Question 74

Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck?

A) the scalenes
B) the iliocostalis
C) the spinalis
D) the splenius

Question 75

If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.

A) load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum
B) lever system is useless
C) effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum
D) load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end

Question 76

Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

A) internal oblique
B) external oblique
C) transversus abdominis
D) rectus abdominis

Question 77

What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?

A) an antagonist
B) a prime mover
C) a synergist
D) an agonist

Question 78

Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not True?

A) Muscles produce movement by pulling on bones.
B) The bones serve as levers.
C) During contraction the two articulating bones move equally.
D) The movements produced may be of graded intensity.

Question 79

Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly?

A) diaphragm alone
B) internal intercostals and rectus abdominus
C) external intercostals and diaphragm
D) rectus abdominis and diaphragm

Question 80

Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon?

A) the semitendinosus
B) the sartorius
C) the tibialis anterior
D) the gastrocnemius