Deck 18: Blood

Question 1

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents lymphocytes.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Blood protein that contributes osmotic pressure, keeping water from leaking out of the vessels.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)



Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.

-Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that develops into phagocytic cells called macrophages.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)



Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.

-Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that produces antibodies.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 5

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents basophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 6

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents neutrophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 7

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction that of leukocytes that represents monocytes.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 8

Cell mediator of inflammation.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 9

Most abundant formed element.

A) erythrocyte
B) myeloid
C) eosinophil
D) monocyte
E) basophil

Question 10

Parent cell that transforms into a macrophage.

A) monocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 11

Plasma minus clotting factors.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Question 12

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)



Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.

-Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that is packed with molecules of hemoglobin.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 13

Fraction of blood comprised by erythrocytes.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Question 14

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents eosinophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 15

Seen in abundance during parasitic infection.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 16

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)



Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.

-Identify the letter that indicates the most abundant class of leukocyte.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 17

Along with leukocytes, these contribute less than 1% of whole blood.

A) reticulocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) albumin
D) platelets
E) lymphocytes

Question 18

Leukocyte primarily responsible for destroying bacteria.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 19

Cell fragments, also called thrombocytes, involved in clotting.

A) basophils
B) globulins
C) fibrinogen
D) albumin
E) platelets

Question 20

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)



Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.

-Identify the letter that indicates formed elements of the blood that are important in blood clotting.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 21

Which of the following organs does not form blood cells in the fetus?

A) liver
B) lung
C) spleen
D) yolk sac

Question 22

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

A) One occurs in the bloodstream, whereas the other occurs outside the bloodstream.
B) One occurs in arteries, the other in veins.
C) One is a blood clot, whereas the other is a parasitic worm.
D) A thrombus must travel to become an embolus.

Question 23

Cell containing a large, dark purple-staining spherical nucleus that almost completely fills the cell volume.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 24

Stem cell from which eosinophils and basophils develop.

A) erythrocyte
B) myeloid
C) eosinophil
D) monocyte
E) basophil

Question 25

________ is a condition in which the blood's capacity for carrying oxygen is diminished.

A) Polycythemia
B) Thrombocytopenia
C) Anemia
D) Leukemia

Question 26

In the cell line that forms erythrocytes in red bone marrow, all of the following occur except that

A) the cytoplasm goes from basophilic (blue-staining) to eosinophilic (pink-staining).
B) the nucleus is lost.
C) hemoglobin accumulates in the cells.
D) lysosome-like granules accumulate.

Question 27

The most abundant white blood cell type is the

A) neutrophil.
B) monocyte.
C) eosinophil.
D) lymphocyte.

Question 28

Young erythrocyte.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 29

Disorders of red blood cells can be detected by obtaining counts of these immature structures.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 30

Produces antibodies.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 31

What type of white blood cell increases dramatically during parasitic infections or allergic reactions?

A) neutrophil
B) monocyte
C) basophil
D) eosinophil

Question 32

The unusual shape of the erythrocyte can be explained by which of the following?

A) It is the best shape for a cell that must pass through narrow capillaries.
B) It allows each cell to hold a maximum amount of hemoglobin.
C) It increases surface area for respiratory exchange across the plasma membrane.
D) It reflects the fact that erythrocytes are degenerating.

Question 33

Which of the following cells lack mitochondria?

A) neutrophils
B) platelets
C) basophils
D) erythrocytes

Question 34

What is the anatomical difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes?

A) T cells are larger.
B) B cells are larger.
C) B cells have a darker-staining nucleus.
D) They are structurally identical.

Question 35

Which of the following is not phagocytic?

A) lymphocyte
B) neutrophil
C) eosinophil
D) basophil

Question 36

Which white blood cells contain granules of histamine?

A) eosinophils
B) basophils
C) neutrophils
D) lymphocytes

Question 37

Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood volume that consists of

A) neutrophils.
B) erythrocytes.
C) platelets.
D) plasma.

Question 38

The functions of platelets include all of the following except

A) secretion of chemicals that call more platelets to the site of injury.
B) formation of a temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels.
C) release of chemical signals that trigger the immune response.
D) release of molecules that initiate clotting.

Question 39

Which cells fight infection by producing antibodies?

A) T lymphocytes
B) B lymphocytes
C) plasma cells
D) eosinophils

Question 40

The most common formed elements in the blood are

A) leukocytes.
B) erythrocytes.
C) platelets.
D) macrophages.

Question 41

Leukocytes, ordered from most to least abundant, are the

A) basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.
B) basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
C) neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
D) neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes.

Question 42

The replacement of red bone marrow with yellow bone marrow in the limbs occurs

A) in fetal life.
B) by 2 years of age.
C) before 8 years of age.
D) between 8 and 18 years of age.

Question 43

In adults, blood cells are manufactured in the marrow of all of the following bones except the

A) pelvis.
B) forearm bones (radius and ulna).
C) clavicle.
D) sternum.

Question 44

When centrifuged, blood separates into the following sequence of layers, from lightest to heaviest:

A) buffy coat, hematocrit, plasma.
B) buffy coat, plasma, hematocrit.
C) hematocrit, plasma, buffy coat.
D) plasma, buffy coat, hematocrit.

Question 45

Which type of connective tissue occurs in the bone marrow cavity?

A) cartilage
B) loose areolar
C) dense irregular
D) reticular

Question 46

B cells fight infections by

A) acting as killer cells.
B) engulfing foreign pathogens.
C) killing off body cells.
D) producing antibodies.

Question 47

Which of the following groups of cells are most structurally related?

A) basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes
B) eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils
C) lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and basophils
D) monocytes, platelets, and macrophages

Question 48

Megakaryocytes

A) circulate freely in the blood.
B) give rise to platelets.
C) are small compared to erythrocytes.
D) are phagocytic.

Question 49

The blood cell whose nucleus often resembles a telephone receiver is the

A) erythrocyte.
B) basophil.
C) eosinophil.
D) lymphocyte.

Question 50

T cells function to

A) produce antibodies.
B) destroy body cells infected with viruses.
C) respond primarily to bacteria and bacterial toxins in body fluids.
D) phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes.

Question 51

Diapedesis is

A) the process by which eosinophils attack worms.
B) the ingestion of bacteria by macrophages.
C) the exit of leukocytes from capillaries.
D) amoeboid motion.

Question 52

Yellow bone marrow gets its color from

A) the bone trabeculae in the center of this colorless marrow.
B) the early stages of red blood cells being made there.
C) low densities of red blood cells.
D) fat cells.

Question 53

The least abundant white blood cell type is the

A) monocyte.
B) eosinophil.
C) basophil.
D) lymphocyte.

Question 54

The precursors of neutrophils, listed in their proper order from the least to the most differentiated cells, are:

A) band cell, myeloblast, and myelocyte.
B) metamyelocyte, myeloblast, and neutrophil.
C) myeloblast, metamyelocyte, and band cell.
D) metamyelocyte, neutrophil, and band cell.

Question 55

The blood's globulins include

A) albumin.
B) antibodies.
C) fibrinogen.
D) hemoglobin.

Question 56

If examination of the blood reveals a large number of immature leukocytes, the individual is probably suffering from

A) anemia.
B) leukemia.
C) sickle cell disease.
D) thrombocytopenia.

Question 57

An average female has approximately ________ of blood.

A) 0.5 liter
B) 1 liter
C) 4 liters
D) 8 liters

Question 58

Which of the following cells develop into macrophages?

A) monocytes
B) neutrophils
C) basophils
D) lymphocytes

Question 59

Which of the following statements concerning the various leukocytes is False?

A) All perform diapedesis.
B) All are active in connective tissues but not in blood.
C) All fight disease.
D) All have distorted, lobed nuclei.

Question 60

Reticulocytes are precursors to mature

A) erythrocytes.
B) lymphocytes.
C) neutrophils.
D) basophils.

Question 61

Which of the following is not a committed cell in a blood cell line?

A) hemapoietic stem cell
B) proerythroblast
C) myeloblast
D) megakaryoblast

Question 62

Together, leukocytes and platelets constitute roughly which percentage of whole blood volume?

A) 45%
B) 55%
C) 1%
D) 10%

Question 63

The formed element that is flattened, circular, lacks a nucleus, lacks mitochondria or ribosomes, and is red because of the presence of hemoglobin is

A) an eosinophil.
B) a basophil.
C) an erythrocyte.
D) a lymphocyte.

Question 64

Hemopoiesis is

A) different from hematopoiesis.
B) a disease of erythrocytes.
C) a stain for blood smears.
D) blood cell production.

Question 65

An eosinophil can be distinguished from a basophil because the eosinophil

A) has a lobed (versus nonlobed) nucleus.
B) contains cytoplasmic granules.
C) has pink (versus dark purple) granules.
D) is smaller.

Question 66

Which of the following is the correct ranking of formed elements of blood by longevity (life span), from longest-lived to shortest-lived?

A) neutrophils, basophils, erythrocytes
B) basophils, erythrocytes, eosinophils
C) erythrocytes, platelets, neutrophils
D) monocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes

Question 67

Which of the following does not remain in red bone marrow after hematopoiesis?

A) lymphoid stem cells
B) fat cells
C) myeloid stem cells
D) reticulocytes

Question 68

Elevated numbers of reticulocytes may indicate

A) a degenerative bone marrow disease.
B) a parasitic infection.
C) a person is adapting to life at high elevations.
D) sickle cell disease.

Question 69

Giant cells located just outside of marrow sinusoids are called

A) megakaryocytes.
B) monoblasts.
C) myeloblasts.
D) reticulocytes.

Question 70

Which of the following precursors of erythrocytes are in their proper order, from least to most differentiated?

A) proerythroblast, normocyte, reticulocyte
B) erythroblast, reticulocyte, normocyte
C) normocyte, proerythroblast, erythrocyte
D) reticulocyte, normocyte, erythroblast

Question 71

All of the following cell types are derived from the same precursor cell that generates neutrophils except the

A) blood stem cell.
B) plasma cell.
C) myeloblast.
D) myelocyte.

Question 72

Which cells are the most responsible for the rejection of a transplanted organ, such as a heart?

A) B cells
B) macrophages
C) eosinophils
D) T cells

Question 73

A plasma protein involved in blood clotting is

A) a platelet.
B) globulin.
C) fibrin (and fibrinogen).
D) albumin.

Question 74

The defining characteristic of a reticulocyte in the blood is

A) collagen (reticular) fibers.
B) dark-staining nucleus.
C) numerous endocytic vesicles.
D) dark staining masses that represent degrading ribosomes.

Question 75

The percentage of erythrocytes in a normal volume of blood is about

A) 10%.
B) 30%.
C) 45%.
D) 90%.

Question 76

In the body, erythrocytes are red because of the oxidized iron they contain. In stained blood smears, erythrocytes are

A) also red from iron.
B) light blue from methylene blue.
C) purple from hematoxylin stain.
D) pink from eosin.

Question 77

Graft-versus-host disease occurs in many marrow transplant patients because of the activity of

A) lymphocytes.
B) macrophages.
C) neutrophils.
D) platelets.

Question 78

________ is a condition in which there is an abnormally low concentration of platelets in the blood.

A) Leukemia
B) Anemia
C) Polycythemia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 79

________ is a condition in which there is an abnormal excess of erythrocytes in the blood.

A) Leukemia
B) Anemia
C) Polycythemia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 80

Which of the following is not a phase of erythropoiesis?

A) production of ribosomes
B) synthesis of hemoglobin
C) ejection of the erythrocyte's nucleus
D) production of vacuoles