Deck 10: Blood

Question 1

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.

A) polycythemia
B) leukemia
C) anemia
D) leukocytosis

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocyte?

A) albumin
B) hemoglobin
C) granules
D) mitochondria

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as ________.

A) leukocytosis
B) anemia
C) thrombocytopenia
D) leukopenia

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The lymphocyte is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 5

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

A) thyroglobulin
B) fibrin
C) albumin
D) glucose

Question 6

Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________ to ________.

A) 7.1; 7.2
B) 7.35; 7.45
C) 7.6; 7.75
D) 7.85; 8.05

Question 7

What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?

A) erythropoietin
B) thrombopoietin
C) colony stimulating factors (CSFs)
D) interleukins

Question 8

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The type of leukocyte that fights allergies and parasitic worms is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 9

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The monocyte is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 10

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The most common type of leukocyte is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 11

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The neutrophil is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 12

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The eosinophil is indicated by ________.

A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D

Question 13

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called ________.

A) hematopoiesis
B) erythropoiesis
C) homeostasis
D) hemostasis

Question 14

A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm³. What is most likely his condition?

A) leukopenia
B) leukocytosis
C) polycythemia
D) anemia

Question 15

Life at a high altitude, where less oxygen is available, can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as ________.

A) anemia
B) polycythemia
C) leukocytosis
D) leukemia

Question 16

Using Figure 10.1, identify the following:
The granulocytes are indicated by ________ and ________.

A) Label A; Label C
B) Label B; Label A
C) Label C; Label D
D) Label D; Label B

Question 17

What is the name of the process by which white blood cells move in and out of blood vessels?

A) diffusion
B) diapedesis
C) amoeboid motion
D) positive chemotaxis

Question 18

Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a(n) ________.

A) megakaryocyte
B) erythrocyte
C) reticulocyte
D) monocyte

Question 19

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________.

A) agranulocytes
B) granulocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) megakaryocytes

Question 20

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) hemoglobin
D) plasma

Question 21

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) ________.

A) AB, B
B) B, O
C) A, B, AB, O
D) B, O, AB

Question 22

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?

A) thrombin
B) prothrombin
C) fibrin
D) albumin

Question 23

Normal whole blood contains ________ g of hemoglobin per 100 mL.

A) 4-8
B) 12-18
C) 15-20
D) 30-35
E) 42-48

Question 24

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________.

A) positive
B) sensitive
C) negative
D) compatible

Question 25

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?

A) aplastic anemia
B) sickle cell anemia (SCA)
C) pernicious anemia
D) polycythemia
E) hemolytic anemia

Question 26

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as ________.

A) petechiae
B) hemophilia
C) aplastic anemia
D) thrombocytopenia

Question 27

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?

A) erythrocyte
B) eosinophil
C) platelet
D) basophil
E) lymphocyte

Question 28

Jordan works in a hematology lab and processed a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells/mm³ of blood for a patient. He suspects this patient has a bacterial infection leading to ________.

A) sickle cell anemia (SCA)
B) polycythemia
C) anemia
D) leukocytosis
E) leukopenia

Question 29

The blood type that contains both antigens A and B is ________.

A) AB
B) A
C) B
D) O

Question 30

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called ________.

A) hemophilia
B) thrombus
C) hemolytic disease of the newborn
D) physiologic jaundice

Question 31

Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called ________.

A) antigens
B) antibodies
C) formed elements
D) megakaryocytes

Question 32

In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________.

A) leukocytes and erythrocytes
B) platelets and erythrocytes
C) leukocytes and platelets
D) erythrocytes only
E) leukocytes only

Question 33

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain ________.

A) a biconcave shape
B) a nucleus and most organelles
C) the ability to transport both oxygen and carbon dioxide
D) the iron-containing molecule called hemoglobin
E) cytoplasm

Question 34

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.

A) coagulation
B) hematopoiesis
C) agglutination
D) alkalosis

Question 35

The matrix of blood is called ________.

A) buffy coat
B) plasma
C) erythrocytes
D) lymphocytes
E) formed elements

Question 36

Erythrocytes ________.

A) possess lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
B) lack a nucleus and most organelles
C) are the least common of all formed elements
D) travel by diapedesis through the walls of vessels
E) clot blood

Question 37

What part of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen?

A) albumin
B) hemoglobin
C) fibrinogen
D) mitochondria
E) thrombin

Question 38

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________.

A) hemolytic disease of the newborn
B) pernicious anemia
C) sickle cell trait (SCT)
D) physiologic jaundice

Question 39

Blood is ________.

A) acidic
B) cooler than body temperature
C) sweet tasting
D) composed mostly of white blood cells and platelets
E) slightly alkaline

Question 40

Which blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient" since it can receive blood types A, B, AB, and O?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O

Question 41

Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common:
1) basophil
2) eosinophil
3) lymphocyte
4) monocyte
5) neutrophil

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 3, 4, 5, 1, 2
C) 5, 3, 2, 4, 1
D) 5, 2, 3, 1, 4
E) 5, 3, 4, 2, 1

Question 42

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?

A) to enhance hematopoiesis
B) to inhibit release of erythropoietin
C) to enhance the formation of clots
D) to increase vascular spasms
E) to inhibit the formation of clots

Question 43

An immature RBC which still contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n) ________.

A) megakaryocyte
B) hemocytoblast
C) reticulocyte
D) agranulocyte
E) granulocyte

Question 44

Placing pressure on a cut will constrict blood vessels manually, and encourages ________.

A) platelet plug formation
B) agglutination
C) the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
D) coagulation
E) vascular spasms

Question 45

The most numerous of the white blood cells are the ________.

A) lymphocytes
B) neutrophils
C) eosinophils
D) monocytes
E) basophils

Question 46

The two major groups of white blood cells are ________.

A) leukocytes and erythrocytes
B) platelets and megakaryocytes
C) neutrophils and basophils
D) granulocytes and agranulocytes
E) granulocytes and leukocytes

Question 47

The average functional lifespan of an RBC is ________.

A) 20-30 days
B) 50-75 days
C) 100-120 days
D) one year
E) the body's lifetime

Question 48

The formation of an insoluble clot during hemostasis is termed ________.

A) agglutination
B) coagulation
C) hematopoiesis
D) positive chemotaxis
E) diapedesis

Question 49

Which type of granulocyte releases histamine at sites of inflammation?

A) eosinophils
B) basophils
C) neutrophils
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

Question 50

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?

A) neutrophil
B) monocyte
C) lymphocyte
D) basophil
E) eosinophil

Question 51

What is blood serum?

A) formed elements and plasma
B) blood plasma minus the clotting proteins
C) blood plasma minus vitamin K
D) erythrocytes and leukocytes
E) leukocytes and platelets

Question 52

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

A) vascular spasms
B) formation of a platelet plug
C) coagulation
D) erythropoiesis
E) agglutination

Question 53

Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes?

A) neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
B) lymphocytes and monocytes
C) eosinophils and monocytes
D) basophils and lymphocytes
E) neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils

Question 54

What stem cell gives rise to all formed elements?

A) lymphoid stem cell
B) megakaryocyte
C) hemocytoblast
D) myeloid stem cell
E) reticulocyte

Question 55

What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation?

A) PF₃
B) thrombin
C) tissue factor
D) prothrombin
E) calcium

Question 56

Blood normally clots in approximately ________.

A) 1 minute
B) 3 to 6 minutes
C) 5 to 10 minutes
D) 15 minutes
E) 30 minutes

Question 57

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________.

A) an embolus
B) polycythemia
C) hemophilia
D) a thrombus
E) leukopenia

Question 58

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

A) platelet plug formation, coagulation, vascular spasm
B) vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation
C) coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation
D) vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
E) coagulation, platelet plug formation, vascular spasm

Question 59

Where does hematopoiesis occur to produce new red blood cells?

A) yellow bone marrow
B) articular cartilage
C) red bone marrow
D) epiphyseal line
E) synovial membrane

Question 60

What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?

A) erythrocyte
B) eosinophil
C) basophil
D) megakaryocyte
E) macrophage

Question 61

What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?

A) hemostasis
B) coagulation
C) agglutination
D) clotting cascade
E) hemolysis

Question 62

The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is ________.

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O
E) AO

Question 63

A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the ________.

A) antigen
B) growth factor
C) interleukin
D) fibrinogen
E) agglutinin

Question 64

Normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45.

Question 65

The primary job of erythrocytes is to transport oxygen.

Question 66

Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from ________.

A) bone marrow disorders
B) accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells
C) a diseased gallbladder that needs to be removed
D) erythrocyte mutations
E) vitamin deficiencies

Question 67

Which organ is largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors?

A) pancreas
B) thyroid
C) liver
D) spleen
E) kidneys

Question 68

Erythrocytes make up the majority of the formed elements.

Question 69

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?

A) blood type A
B) blood type B
C) blood type AB
D) blood type O
E) blood types A, B, AB, or O

Question 70

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________.

A) 5 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 30 percent
E) 50 percent

Question 71

Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________.

A) an Rh negative person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh positive
B) any person receives blood type O during a transfusion
C) an Rh positive person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh negative
D) an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive
E) platelets cling to the ruptured endothelium of a blood vessel

Question 72

Bleeding disorders can result from the lack of ________.

A) vitamin B₁₂
B) vitamin A
C) vitamin C
D) vitamin D
E) vitamin K

Question 73

What does treatment of hemophilia often involve?

A) transfusion of plasma and vitamin K supplements
B) injections of missing clotting factors and vitamin B₁₂ injections
C) vitamin K supplements only
D) transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor
E) vitamin K supplements and vitamin B₁₂ injections

Question 74

Which of these blood types carries no antigens?

A) blood type A
B) blood type B
C) blood type AB
D) blood types A, B, and AB
E) blood type O

Question 75

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?

A) Blood types A and B will coagulate during a transfusion.
B) Mothers cannot donate blood to their daughters.
C) Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with Molly's type A blood.
D) Blood transfusions cannot be performed among relatives.
E) Only fathers can donate blood to their daughters.

Question 76

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

A) polycythemia
B) hemophilia
C) leukocytosis
D) leukopenia
E) anemia

Question 77

Which ions are essential for blood clotting to occur?

A) sodium
B) calcium
C) iodine
D) potassium
E) hydrogen

Question 78

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________.

A) serotonin
B) interleukin
C) agglutinin
D) RhoGAM
E) fibrinogen

Question 79

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called ________.

A) blood typing
B) transfusion reaction
C) cross matching
D) hemolysis
E) hemodialysis

Question 80

Which blood type contains the A antigen only?

A) blood type A
B) blood type B
C) blood type AB
D) blood types A and AB
E) blood type O