Deck 22: America and the Great War, 1914-1920

Question 1

When news of the European war first reached the United States:

A)President Wilson immediately called on Congress to build up America's military strength.
B)most old-line Americans were sympathetic to the Central Powers.
C)Irish Americans leaned toward support for the Allies.
D)Wilson sought to ensure that the United States could provide Great Britain and France as much financial assistance and supplies as possible.
E)Pershing was already on his way with 15,000 troops.

Answer 1

Wilson sought to ensure that the United States could provide Great Britain and France as much financial assistance and supplies as possible.

Question 2

Henry Cabot Lodge was one of the biggest supporters of the League of Nations.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the diplomatic stance of Woodrow Wilson and William Jennings Bryan?

A)America must,above all else,protect American interests around the world.
B)America must not interfere in the affairs of other nations.
C)America has a religious duty to spread democracy and moral progress throughout the world.
D)America should prove its might wherever and whenever possible.
E)America must never put internationality above nationality.

Answer 3

America has a religious duty to spread democracy and moral progress throughout the world.

Question 4

The so-called Arabic Pledge involved Wilson's stand to stop North Africa's fall into chaos during the war.

Question 5

On November 9,1918,the German republic was proclaimed after:

A)The Battle of Verdun.
B)Germany surrendered to U.S.forces.
C)Adolf Hitler took power.
D)the German kaiser resigned.
E)a great victory at Belleau Wood.

Question 6

For all of his accomplishments and abilities,Woodrow Wilson had:

A)no executive experience.
B)no formal education.
C)extensive experience and expertise in international relations before he was elected president.
D)no experience or expertise in international relations before he was elected president.
E)very little experience or expertise in international relations before he was elected president.

Question 7

The event that triggered World War I in Europe was:

A)Germany's invasion of Belgium.
B)Russia's decision to ally with France and Britain.
C)Germany's determination to build a navy as large as Britain's.
D)a Serb's assassination of the Austrian archduke.
E)the fallout from the Bolshevik Revolution.

Question 8

President Wilson suffered a temporarily incapacitating stroke in France while negotiating the peace treaty.

Question 9

During the presidential election of 1916,Republicans used the slogan "He kept us out of war" to discredit Wilson.

Question 10

Between 1914 and 1918,World War I was directly responsible for the deaths of:

A)more than 20 million military personnel and civilians.
B)3 million children.
C)6 million women.
D)4 million noncombatants.
E)more than 15 million combatants.

Question 11

The Republican candidate for president in 1916 was Charles Evans Hughes.

Question 12

Which of the following pairs consists of two countries that were NOT members of the Triple Entente?

A)Austria-Hungary and France
B)France and Great Britain
C)Great Britain and Russia
D)Russia and France
E)Italy and Austria-Hungary

Question 13

All these innovations changed warfare during World War I EXCEPT:

A)machine guns.
B)blockades.
C)land mines.
D)long-range artillery.
E)flame throwers.

Question 14

During the early twentieth century,the nation's century-long isolation from European conflicts:

A)increased dramatically.
B)ended.
C)was declared unconstitutional.
D)was codified in the U.S.legal system.
E)was endorsed by the full U.S.Congress.

Question 15

The Zimmerman telegram,sent to the Mexican government from the White House,was intercepted by the Germans.

Question 16

During World War I,popular prejudice associated anything German with disloyalty.

Question 17

During the early twentieth century,the nation's century-long isolation from European conflicts increased.

Question 18

In March 1917,German submarines sank five U.S.merchant vessels in the North Atlantic.

Question 19

In his understanding of global issues,Wilson:

A)was clueless.
B)touted his extensive experience.
C)was the first president to take on this issue.
D)refused to show concern.
E)did have strong beliefs and principles.

Question 20

Many immigrant groups in the United States supported the Central Powers in the European war.

Question 21

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was directed against:

A)the Ku Klux Klan.
B)blacks.
C)labor unions.
D)communists.
E)Germans.

Question 22

What was the major cause of the East St.Louis riot in 1917?

A)Racial tension over employment in a defense factory sparked the riot.
B)A white man was accused of murdering an African American child.
C)An African American was accused of rape.
D)There was a misunderstanding of the homeowners' restrictive clauses.
E)Black members of the National Guard were told to not wear their uniforms.

Question 23

Which of the following is true of the Lusitania?

A)It was sunk by a submarine right outside New York Harbor.
B)It was one of the largest battleships in the British navy.
C)It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo.
D)Its sinking led Wilson to support a war against Germany.
E)It was the only passenger ship the Germans attacked during the war.

Question 24

The Zimmerman telegram:

A)urged the Mexican government to invade the United States.
B)announced Germany's decision to wage unrestricted submarine warfare.
C)announced the addition of three countries to the Central Powers.
D)caused the United States to break diplomatic relations with Germany.
E)tipped off J.Edgar Hoover that Germans had infiltrated the FBI.

Question 25

Despite the fact that the Great War generated many changes in female employment,these changes were:

A)for married women.
B)only significant on the West Coast.
C)for single women.
D)for white women.
E)limited and brief.

Question 26

The congressional resolution for war:

A)came quickly in response to the sinking of the Lusitania.
B)passed overwhelmingly.
C)was divided strictly along party lines.
D)included a provision that the United States would accept only an unconditional surrender from Germany.
E)passed unanimously in both the House and the Senate.

Question 27

Both government and industry recruited women to work in:

A)only support roles.
B)coal mines.
C)the South.
D)the North.
E)port cities' loading docks and on railway crews.

Question 28

Who said,after the sinking of the Lusitania,"There is such a thing as a man being too proud to fight"?

A)Charles Evans Hughes
B)Theodore Roosevelt
C)Woodrow Wilson
D)John J.Pershing
E)Alvin York

Question 29

The National Defense Act of 1916:

A)provided for the expansion of the U.S.Army.
B)hit farmers and low-income Americans the hardest.
C)was vetoed by President Wilson.
D)was designed to make Republicans support the war.
E)amounted to the progressives' biggest failure in the Wilson period.

Question 30

Russian participation in World War I ended:

A)when Russia was defeated on the battlefield at the hands of the Germans.
B)with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
C)when Russia threatened to withdraw from the League of Nations.
D)when Stalin withdrew all Russian forces from Germany.
E)with the fall of Moscow to Germany.

Question 31

The most celebrated postwar labor confrontation was:

A)the Boston police strike of 1919.
B)the Homestead strike of 1892.
C)racial rioting in Los Angeles.
D)the U.S.Steel strike of 1919.
E)the Haymarket affair.

Question 32

As a result of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia:

A)Russia got its first democratic government.
B)Russia renewed its war effort against Germany.
C)Lenin concluded a separate peace with Germany.
D)the United States loaned Russia millions of dollars.
E)the United States put thousands of Russian Communist labor activists in jail in 1918.

Question 33

What was the major cause of the Chicago riot in 1919?

A)Whites were angered by the influx of southern blacks into their communities.
B)A white man was accused of murdering an African American child.
C)An African American was accused of rape.
D)There was a misunderstanding of the homeowners' restrictive clauses.
E)Black members of the National Guard were told to not wear their uniforms.

Question 34

President Wilson's response to the sinking of the Lusitania:

A)was to sever diplomatic ties with Germany.
B)included a speech in which he said that if Germany was responsible for the killing of any more Americans,a state of war would exist between the United States and Germany.
C)was conciliatory.
D)was a series of notes demanding that Germany stop such actions and pay reparations.
E)was to ask Congress immediately to declare war.

Question 35

During the presidential election of 1916,the Republicans:

A)nominated Theodore Roosevelt.
B)lost by a small margin.
C)nominated Woodrow Wilson.
D)won by a large margin.
E)blew their chances when they did not allow the progressives to support Hughes.

Question 36

President Wilson's secretary of state resigned in 1915 because:

A)he thought Wilson's note to Germany denouncing the sinking of the Lusitania would draw America closer to war.
B)he discovered that the Lusitania had carried a cargo of arms and ammunition.
C)he disapproved of Wilson's conciliatory stance toward Germany.
D)Wilson refused to sign the Arabic Pledge.
E)he had plans to run for president in 1916.

Question 37

The Food Administration:

A)was contested by a labor lawyer,Frank P.Walsh.
B)was intended to increase agricultural production while reducing civilian food consumption.
C)used strict guidelines and coercive authority to achieve its goals.
D)was managed by a young engineer named Harry Truman.
E)encouraged Americans to eat as much food as possible in order to support farmers.

Question 38

The U.S.military effort in France:

A)helped turn back several German offensives.
B)had little,if any,significance.
C)resulted in millions of American casualties.
D)was commanded by Herbert Hoover.
E)showed that small,elite fighting forces were more effective than trench warfare.

Question 39

The French premier during World War I was:

A)David Lloyd George.
B)Winston Churchill.
C)Vittorio Orlando.
D)Henry Cabot Lodge.
E)Georges Clemenceau.

Question 40

The most important of all the mobilization agencies was the:

A)Fuel Administration.
B)Emergency Fleet Corporation.
C)United States Shipping Board.
D)War Industries Board.
E)Committee on Public Information.

Question 41

Detail the American "preparedness" movement during World War I.

Question 42

Vittorio Orlando,prime minister of Italy,focused his efforts on:

A)defeating Russia.
B)destroying the United States.
C)Austria.
D)surrendering Luxembourg.
E)annexing Switzerland.

Question 43

To what did Wilson refer when he spoke of "the heart of the League"?

A)the League of Nations army,which would enforce peace
B)the Permanent Court of Justice,which would rule on international disputes
C)Article X,which would pledge members to consult on military and economic sanctions against aggressors
D)the Assembly,which would allow each League member an equal voice
E)the idea of a "moral compass held by God"

Question 44

Discuss the economic transition from wartime production to peacetime consumerism immediately following World War I.How did organized labor adjust to these changes?

Question 45

Why did Wilson travel around the country giving speeches in 1919?

A)He wanted to set the stage for his reelection campaign in 1920.
B)He wanted to drum up support for his version of the war treaty.
C)He wanted to garner support for the second Selective Service Act.
D)He wanted to make sure that Henry Cabot Lodge did not become the next president.
E)He wanted to help Herbert Hoover get elected as his successor.

Question 46

The Treaty of Versailles:

A)took place in France in 1918.
B)created twenty-five new nations.
C)required Germany to pay one half of its reparations.
D)led immediately to a new war between Russia and Germany.
E)was not agreeable to the Germans.

Question 47

The German delegation at Versailles objected most bitterly to:

A)reparations for the entire war.
B)the reparations to be paid to the United States.
C)reparations for only civilian damages.
D)France's attempt to kidnap the kaiser.
E)England's attempt to arrest a young politician named Adolf Hitler.

Question 48

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 reflected the:

A)massive steel strikes around Chicago and in western Pennsylvania.
B)tremendous growth of the Socialist party during World War I.
C)impact of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the actions of militants in the United States.
D)demobilization of the American army.
E)bloody nature of the race riots.

Question 49

Describe the election of 1916.Who were the major parties,and what were the significant issues in the campaign?

Question 50

Why did America enter the war in Europe when it did? Why did it not enter before?

Question 51

Harry T.Burn is best associated with:

A)the Boston police strike of 1919.
B)the Homestead strike of 1892.
C)racial rioting during World War I.
D)changing his vote to yes at the insistence of his mother,breaking a tie and making Tennessee's legislature the last of thirty-six state assemblies to approve the Nineteenth Amendment.
E)the Haymarket affair.

Question 52

How and why were civil liberties curtailed during World War I? What was the effect of these curtailments?

Question 53

Wilson's Fourteen Points endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:

A)freedom of the seas.
B)U.S.colonies in Africa and Asia.
C)the creation of a "league" of nations.
D)an end to secret treaties.
E)removal of trade barriers.

Question 54

Trace America's attempt at neutrality prior to its entry into World War I.

Question 55

Discuss the various initial American reactions to the start of World War I.

Question 56

Why did the reservationists and the irreconcilables oppose the Treaty of Versailles? How effective was their opposition?

Question 57

Describe the economic mobilization on the American home front.

Question 58

Describe Wilson's Fourteen Points,discussing not only the details but also the overall philosophy behind them.

Question 59

During the midterm elections of 1918:

A)Democrats lost control of both houses of Congress.
B)labor,eastern businessmen,and western farmers expressed support for Democratic policies.
C)Republican victories in the South were offset by heavy losses in the Northeast.
D)Wilson asked voters to elect progressive candidates of either party.
E)Wilson angered Democrats by appointing Taft to the peace commission.

Question 60

In negotiating with the Big Four over many postwar territorial issues,President Wilson:

A)remained true to his core values.
B)compromised only when it benefited America.
C)demanded that democratic states must be established.
D)had to compromise his principle of self-determination.
E)was embarrassed to admit that most Americans did not want the League.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
William Jennings Bryan

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
John J.Pershing

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 63

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Charles Evans Hughes

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 64

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Bernard Baruch

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Robert Lansing

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 66

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Georges Clemenceau

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 67

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
A.Mitchell Palmer

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 68

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Calvin Coolidge

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 69

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Herbert Hoover

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I

Question 70

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Henry Cabot Lodge

A)was governor of Massachusetts at the time of the Boston police strike
B)was the U.S.attorney general that led the Red Scare
C)was Wilson's first secretary of state
D)was Wilson's second secretary of state
E)was a leading reservationist concerning League of Nations
F)headed the Food Administration during World War I
G)headed the War Industries Board
H)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1916
I)was a World War I general
J)was the French premier during World War I