Deck 7: The Living Primates

Question 1

The olfactory sense is the sense of:

A)smelling
B)tasting
C)hearing
D)feeling

Answer 1

smelling

Question 2

Primate olfactory anatomy is characterized by:

A)reduction of the muzzle or snout
B)lack of a rhinarium in most species
C)reduction of the olfactory region of the brain
D)all of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

The following is a list of features that are found in primates but rarely in other mammalian orders.Which of these is most generalized,that is,which is found in the greatest number of primate species?

A)grasping big toe
B)prehensile tail
C)dental comb
D)complete eye socket

Answer 3

grasping big toe

Question 4

Primates are characterized by flexible patterns of locomotion.This is made possible by:

A)a flexible shoulder characterized by a well-developed clavicle
B)five digits on the hand and foot
C)a grasping big toe
D)all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following traits is not found in the order primates?

A)replacement of claws by nails
B)well-developed olfactory sense
C)long gestation period with a hemochorial placenta
D)some prehensile capacity in hand with a grasping or opposable thumb

Question 6

There are ___ kinds of cones I the primate retina that are sensitive to different wave lengths of light.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 7

Within the retina the area of greatest visual acuity is the:

A)rhinarium
B)macula
C)fovea
D)reticulum

Question 8

Many of the shared derived features of primates are related to:

A)movement in arboreal habitats
B)swimming in aquatic habitats
C)running in terrestrial habitats
D)none of the above

Question 9

The strepsirhine primates include the:

A)prosimians
B)monkeys
C)apes
D)humans

Question 10

The term macula refers to:

A)a feature of the primate brain
B)an area of the primate retina
C)the primate opposable thumb
D)a specialization of the primate placenta

Question 11

Characteristics of the primates include:

A)nails instead of claws
B)grasping thumb and big toe
C)eyes on the front of the face
D)all of the above

Question 12

The cones of the eye:

A)allow for stereoscopic vision
B)are more sensitive to low intensities of light than are rods
C)sense color
D)none of the above

Question 13

Primates are able to see in three dimensions because:

A)the eyes lie on the front of the face
B)the visual fields of each eye overlap
C)of changes in the optic nerves and the brain
D)all of the above

Question 14

Primates differ from other mammals in that primates are characterized by:

A)eyes encircled by a bony ring
B)nails on the big toe
C)a relatively larger brain
D)all of the above

Question 15

A grasping big toe:

A)is found in all primates except humans
B)is rare among primates
C)is found only among the anthropoids
D)distinguishes Old World from New World monkeys

Question 16

Probably the most important of the senses for the primate's rapid movement in the trees is:

A)vision
B)touch
C)smell
D)taste

Question 17

A bony eye socket develops when the eye is separated from the muscles behind it by a(n):

A)postorbital bar
B)preorbital plate
C)postorbital septum
D)orbital wall

Question 18

The rhinarium is the:

A)moist naked area surrounding the nostrils
B)pattern of ridges on the palm of the hand
C)naked area on the rear of a female monkey
D)none of the above

Question 19

Among the hypotheses that attempt to explain primate features is the idea that these features evolved because of:

A)leaping patterns of locomotion where grasping branches was important
B)consuming fruit that grows on the ends of slender branches
C)insect predation on slender branches
D)all of the above

Question 20

The haplorhine primates include the:

A)prosimians
B)monkeys
C)apes
D)b and c

Question 21

Of the following primates,which has the longest period of gestation:

A)humans
B)macaques
C)chimpanzees
D)primates do not have gestation periods

Question 22

Prosimians are classified as primates because they possess:

A)a catarrhine nose
B)an enhanced sense of smell
C)three bones in the middle ear
D)none of the above

Question 23

Living on the island of Madagascar are the:

A)marmosets
B)lemurs
C)bonobos
D)all of the above

Question 24

Members of the family Lorisidae are found in Africa and Asia where they are able to coexist with monkeys and apes,primarily because they are:

A)insectivorous
B)large and highly territorial
C)nocturnal
D)meat eaters

Question 25

The phase of development that ends with the eruption of the first permanent teeth is the:

A)prenatal
B)infantile
C)juvenile
D)adult

Question 26

Primatologists believe that prosimians arrived on the island of Madagascar:

A)by swimming across the channel
B)by rafting across the channel
C)brought by humans in the 1800s
D)there are no prosimians on Madagascar

Question 27

The suborder Prosimii includes the infraorder:

A)Lemuriformes
B)Tarsiiformes
C)Lorisiformes
D)a and b

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true about the prosimians?

A)the lower front teeth form a dental comb
B)the middle ear contains only one bone
C)the thumb is opposable,which permits these animals to manufacture tools
D)the prosimians today are found only in Africa

Question 29

The period of time from conception to birth is called:

A)prenatal
B)gestation
C)juvenile
D)a and b

Question 30

Which of the following is true about prosimians?

A)prosimians are not primates
B)prosimians lack many of the features of monkeys,apes,and humans
C)prosimians are the primitive ancestral forms of modern monkeys,apes,and humans
D)all of the above

Question 31

Animals that are active at night are said to be:

A)diurnal
B)folivorous
C)nocturnal
D)none of the above

Question 32

Where would you go to observe lemurs in the wild?

A)the islands of Sumatra and Borneo
B)the island of Madagascar
C)the Amazon rainforest
D)the Congo rainforest

Question 33

The family Lorisidae include the:

A)lorises
B)pottos
C)galagos
D)all of the above

Question 34

Primates are characterized by:

A)long life spans
B)long gestations
C)long childhoods
D)all of the above

Question 35

The hemochorial placenta is:

A)found in all primates,except prosimians
B)more efficient than other types of placentae
C)involves the transmission of nutrients and other material in the blood through a single vessel wall
D)all of the above

Question 36

Large,chisel-like incisors,which are reminiscent of rodent teeth,are characteristic of the:

A)aye-aye
B)tarsier
C)potto
D)sifaka

Question 37

Primates can be placed into two suborders,the Prosimii and the:

A)Anthropoidea
B)Tarsioidea
C)Lorisidae
D)Hominoidea

Question 38

In general,the Lemuriformes are characterized by:

A)nocturnal habits
B)a dental comb
C)well-developed sense of smell
D)all of the above

Question 39

The dental comb is a characteristic of:

A)Lemuriformes
B)New World monkeys
C)Old World monkeys
D)apes

Question 40

The prosimians include the:

A)chimpanzees
B)gibbons
C)lemurs
D)monkeys

Question 41

An opposable thumb is characteristic of:

A)lemurs
B)New World monkeys
C)Old World monkeys
D)all of the above

Question 42

Among the Old World monkeys,the subfamily Colobinae are characterized by a:

A)sacculated stomach
B)cheek pouch
C)prehensile tail
D)all of the above

Question 43

On what continent did semi-terrestrial monkeys,living on the savanna grasslands,evolve?

A)South America
B)Asia
C)Africa
D)Australia

Question 44

New World monkeys are divided into two families,the:

A)Lemuridae and Tarsioidea
B)Callitrichidae and Cebidae
C)Hominoidea and Hominidae
D)Cercoptihecoidea and Hylobatidae

Question 45

Tarsiers are characterized by:

A)elongated tarsal bones
B)fused tibia and fibula
C)partially closed eye sockets
D)all of the above

Question 46

Which of the following traits is found exclusively among New World monkeys?

A)prehensile tail
B)platyrrhine nose
C)three premolars per quadrant of mouth
D)all of the above

Question 47

Which of the following is not a member of the Cebidae?

A)spider monkey
B)colobus monkey
C)howler monkey
D)capuchin monkey

Question 48

The catarrhine nose is characteristic of:

A)humans
B)Old World monkeys
C)apes
D)all of the above

Question 49

The marmosets and tamarins differ from the other New World monkeys in that they:

A)are strictly nocturnal
B)have prehensile tails
C)have claws on all digits except the thumb and big toe
D)give birth to one young at a time

Question 50

A prehensile tail is found exclusively among:

A)apes
B)Old World monkeys
C)New World monkeys
D)prosimians and tarsiers

Question 51

The Callitrichidae include:

A)marmosets
B)lemurs
C)chimpanzees
D)baboons

Question 52

The platyrrhine nose is found among the:

A)apes
B)Old World monkeys
C)New World monkeys
D)prosimians and tarsiers

Question 53

All of the following are members of the Cercopithecoidea except:

A)gibbons
B)baboons
C)langurs
D)macaques

Question 54

Tarsiers are found in:

A)southeast Asia
B)central Africa
C)Central America
D)southern India

Question 55

New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys in that New World monkeys,but not Old World monkeys,have a:

A)platyrrhine nose
B) finger nails and opposable thumb
C) tail
D)dental comb

Question 56

Which of the following statements is true about anthropoids?

A)anthropoids are almost always nocturnal
B)anthropoids are strictly arboreal
C)anthropoids have retained a good sense of smell
D)none of the above statements is true

Question 57

The catarrhine nose:

A)is characterized by a rhinarium and philtrum
B)is characterized by a wide nasal septum with nostrils pointing outward
C)is found in humans and apes
D)can be used to distinguish between apes from monkeys

Question 58

Which of the following traits is found in the Old World monkeys?

A)three premolars per quadrant
B)catarrhine nose
C)prehensile tails
D)all of the above

Question 59

The only European monkey is a:

A)baboon
B)macaque
C)langur
D)guenon

Question 60

The sexual skin:

A)is not visible during estrus
B)is found only in male monkeys
C)swells and turns bright pink or red during estrus
D)covers the mammary glands

Question 61

Chimpanzees:

A)live in flexible social groups
B)are knuckle-walkers
C)build nests in trees
D)all of the above

Question 62

Apes differ from Old World monkeys in that apes:

A)possesses 32 teeth
B)lack a tail
C)possess an opposable thumb
D)are larger than all monkeys

Question 63

Humans belong to the superfamily:

A)Panidae
B)Hominidae
C)Hominoidea
D)Anthropoidea

Question 64

Apes are generally adapted for:

A)suspensory locomotion
B)arboreal quadrupedalism
C)terrestrial quadrupedalism
D)none of the above

Question 65

The Hylobatidae include the:

A)baboon and macaque
B)drill and mandrill
C)gibbon and siamang
D)chimpanzee and gorilla

Question 66

Chimpanzees are member of the tribe:

A)Hominini
B)Panini
C)Ponginae
D)Gorillinae

Question 67

The family Hominidae includes:

A)orangutans
B)gorillas
C)humans
D)all of the above

Question 68

The "small-bodied" or "lesser apes" refer to:

A)Old World monkeys
B)gibbons and siamangs
C)orangutans and gorillas
D)humans

Question 69

The orangutan is found on the island of:

A)Ceylon
B)Hawaii
C)Sumatra
D)Tasmania

Question 70

The orangutans are characterized by:

A)a large degree of sexual dimorphism
B)quadrumanous locomotion
C)solitary adults
D)all of the above

Question 71

Which of the following is not an ape?

A)bonobo
B)gelada
C)gibbon
D)gorilla

Question 72

All apes belong to the superfamily:

A)Hominoidea
B)Hominidae
C)Panidae
D)Pongidae

Question 73

Among the following primates,the chimpanzee is most closely related to the:

A)gibbon
B)gorilla
C)humans
D)rhesus monkey

Question 74

Which of the following ape does not live in Africa?

A)gorilla
B)orangutan
C)chimpanzee
D)bonobo

Question 75

Humans belong to the suborder:

A)Catarrhini
B)Anthropoidea
C)Hominidae
D)Hominoidea

Question 76

The subfamily Homininae includes the:

A)chimpanzee
B)bonobo
C)human
D)all of the above

Question 77

A member of the Colobinae is the:

A)gelada
B)langur
C)siamang
D)marmoset

Question 78

Among the Old World monkeys,the subfamily Colobinae specialize in the eating of:

A)insects
B)leaves
C)hard fruits
D)small mammals and reptiles

Question 79

Bonobos are:

A)a species in the same genus as the gorilla
B)Old World monkeys
C)a species in the same genus as the chimpanzee
D)lesser apes

Question 80

Knuckle-walking is characteristic of the:

A)lemur
B)baboon
C)chimpanzee
D)gibbon