Deck 12: Systems Planning and Development

Question 1

Agile methods treat software development as a series of contacts with users.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The systems analysis phase is a three-step process.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

While DFDs are easy to learn and use,they have shortcomings-like any diagramming method-and cannot describe a system completely.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

By some estimates more than ninety percent of all BI projects are never completed or fail to deliver all the expected features and benefits.

Question 5

SDLC stands for systems development life cycle.

Question 6

The IS mission includes the ideal combination of hardware,software,and networking to support the overarching vision.

Question 7

Excellent Programming (EXP)includes the following principle: produce the initial software within weeks (rather than months)to receive rapid feedback from users.

Question 8

It is difficult,if not impossible,to devise a way to measure software development competence.

Question 9

In recent years,a growing number of corporations have implemented enterprise ISs such as ERP systems,____ and CRM systems,or other systems that serve the entire organization or many of its units.

A) SCM
B) CAD
C) CAM
D) CMS

Question 10

Cut-over conversion reduces risks because it confines any problems to fewer units.

Question 11

XP is by far the most documented and best known of agile methods.

Question 12

Physical diagrams represent highly active states that are triggered by completion of the actions of other states; therefore,they focus on internal processing.

Question 13

The systematic approach of the SDLC is recommended if the system is complex and consists of many modules.

Question 14

If the ROI is negative,the system is economically feasible,or cost justified.

Question 15

A data store is any event or sequence of events in which data are either changed or acted on,such as the processing of data into information or the application of data to decision making.

Question 16

Legal systems are older systems that organizations decide to continue to use because the investment in a new system would not justify the improved features or because the old systems have some advantage that cannot be obtained from newer systems.

Question 17

Systems modeling looks at the information needs of an entire organization,or at least of a major division of it.

Question 18

Organizational culture includes issues such as tendency to share or not to share information among units and people,willingness to team-play,and the proclivity of employees to experiment with new ideas and technologies.

Question 19

Usually,members of the original ad hoc team are included in an augmented analysis team to conduct feasibility studies.

Question 20

When planning,it is important to align IS strategies with the overall strategies of the organization.

Question 21

A carefully drawn ____ can provide a useful representation of a system,whether existing or planned.

A) FD
B) IFD
C) DD
D) DFD

Question 22

Large ISs that address structured problems are usually conceived,planned,developed,and maintained within a framework called the ____.

A) systems framework life cycle (SFLC)
B) systems cycle (SC)
C) systems development life cycle (SDLC)
D) systems full cycle (SFC)

Question 23

In ____,the old system is used along with the new system for a predetermined period of time.

A) phased conversion
B) cut-over conversion
C) parallel conversion
D) flash cut conversion

Question 24

Systems development generally is conducted in two approaches: the ____ and nontraditional methods.

A) systems full cycle (SFC)
B) IT development cycle (ITDC)
C) systems circuit (SC)
D) systems development life cycle (SDLC)

Question 25

A(n)____ is a paragraph that communicates the most important overarching goal of the organization for the next few years.

A) short-term objective
B) objective
C) mission statement
D) mid-term objective

Question 26

____ are the functions that the system is expected to fulfill and the features through which it will perform its tasks.

A) IT requirements
B) System functions
C) Job functions
D) System requirements

Question 27

A(n)____ is an activity that the system executes in response to a user.

A) use case
B) class
C) interaction
D) state

Question 28

Although ____ is viewed by IS professionals as lacking in glamour,it should not be taken lightly or left to less-experienced professionals.

A) systems analysis
B) database design
C) maintenance
D) executive training

Question 29

ISs,especially large ones,can often be broken into functional modules and phased into operation one at a time,a process called ____.

A) flash cut conversion
B) cut-over conversion
C) parallel conversion
D) phased conversion

Question 30

The first step in systems analysis is ____,which determines whether there is a real need for a system and whether the system as conceived is feasible.

A) investigation
B) research
C) search
D) quest

Question 31

To find the ____,the net present value of the system is calculated by combining the net present value of the costs of the system with the net present value of the benefits of the system.

A) CROI
B) ROI
C) CF
D) BI

Question 32

An important part of an organization's overall mission statement is a(n)____ that is compatible with the larger mission.

A) IS statement
B) collateral mission statement
C) partial mission statement
D) IT mission statement

Question 33

Several diagramming sets were developed by the 1970s,but in the late-1990s,a de facto standard emerged: ____.

A) URL
B) AML
C) UML
D) DFD

Question 34

Software vendors often promote fast ____ as a selling point,and express it in terms of the short period of time over which the adopting organization can recoup the investment.

A) ROIC
B) CF
C) ROI
D) BI

Question 35

The objective of a larger ____ is to determine whether the proposed system is feasible technically,economically,and operationally.

A) investigation team
B) research team
C) search team
D) quest team

Question 36

The implementation of a new IS,also called ____,consists of two steps: conversion and training.

A) COD
B) delivery
C) turn-in
D) migration

Question 37

____ is independent of particular programming languages,but it does provide standard visual symbols and notations for specifying object-oriented elements,such as classes and procedures.

A) URL
B) UML
C) AML
D) DFD

Question 38

When a system is developed by a software vendor for a wide market rather than for a specific client,conversion often takes place at ____.

A) alpha sites
B) friendly sites
C) review sites
D) beta sites

Question 39

State charts communicate the states through which objects pass,as well as the objects' responses to signals (called ____)they receive.

A) stimuli
B) reflections
C) abstractions
D) projections

Question 40

After the planning phase,the SDLC includes four major phases: analysis,design,implementation,and ____.

A) production
B) support
C) execution
D) documentation

Question 41

SDLC is also called "____________________" development,because it consists of several distinct phases that are followed methodically,and the developers complete the phases sequentially.

Question 42

Agile methods developed out of ____________________,an application development approach that emerged in the 1980s aimed at cutting costs and time.

Question 43

____________________ comprises three steps: a description of the components and how they will work,construction,and testing.

Question 44

If a preliminary report concludes that the business situation warrants investment in a new IS,a more comprehensive ____________________ might be authorized.

Question 45

While the ____________________ is a powerful methodology for systems development,organizations are sometimes forced to take shortcuts,skipping a step here or there.

Question 46

While the SDLC or any other waterfall approach requires users to sign off on their requirements and then wait for the system to be completed,____ encourage users' involvement throughout the process.

A) agile methods
B) extreme methods
C) agile routines
D) object-oriented methods

Question 47

____________________ is a calculation of the difference between the stream of benefits and the stream of costs over the life of the system,discounted by the applicable interest rate.

Question 48

Although the ultimate mission of any organization is to survive and-if it is a for-profit organization-to produce profit for its owners,____________________ are rarely limited to these points.

Question 49

____________________ involves fast development of an application based on initial user requirements and several cycles of user input and developer improvements.

Question 50

____ make extensive use of iterative programming,involving users often,and keeping programmers open to modifications while the development is still under way.

A) Open methods
B) Agile methods
C) Agile routines
D) Open routines

Question 51

A(n)____________________ is used to describe the flow of data in a business operation.

Question 52

The concept of extracting business intelligence from large data warehouses often involves ____ of several ISs.

A) compilation
B) codification
C) autocategorization
D) integration

Question 53

Agile methods are an efficient approach to development when a system is ____,when it deals with unstructured problems,and when the users cannot specify all the requirements at the start of the project.

A) small
B) large
C) innovative
D) object-oriented

Question 54

A(n)____________________ can be a spreadsheet showing all the costs incurred by the system and all the benefits that are expected from its operation.

Question 55

The most accurate method of economic analysis is the fully quantitative ____________________.

Question 56

____ is meant to guarantee that the experts have passed tests that ensure their skills.

A) Registration
B) Matriculation
C) Certification
D) Authorization

Question 57

If a small-system development takes longer than planned,the overall cost is still likely to be smaller than if a full ____ were performed.

A) SLC
B) SDLC
C) SGML
D) SGL

Question 58

____________________ is an umbrella term referring to the general tone of the corporate environment.

Question 59

____ has become increasingly complex because it now involves the ISs not only of a single organization but of several organizations.

A) Systems compilation
B) Routines integration
C) Functions codification
D) Systems integration

Question 60

Much of what IT professionals do is ____,rather than analysis and development of a stand-alone IS.

A) systems compilation
B) languages integration
C) systems integration
D) program compilation

Question 61

A(n)____________________ is an organization whose management agrees to test the new system for several months and provide feedback.

Question 62

What are the benefits of standardization in planning?

Question 63

____________________ is a graphical standard for visualizing,specifying,and documenting software.

Question 64

____________________ takes place when an operation switches from using an old system to using a new system.

Question 65

A(n)____________________ uses only four symbols: external entities,processes,data stores,and the direction in which data flows.

Question 66

____________________ includes two main responsibilities: maintenance and user help.

Question 67

What does a technical feasibility study entail?

Question 68

How is parallel conversion implemented?

Question 69

In a(n)____________________,the old system is discarded and the new one takes over the entire business operation for which it was developed.

Question 70

A cut-over conversion is also called ____________________ conversion.

Question 71

List the five-steps that the systems analysis phase comprises,and the questions the process is designed to answer.

Question 72

List the steps included in IT planning.

Question 73

____________________ consists of diagrams that describe the following types of software: use case,class,interaction,state,activity,and physical components.