Deck 15: Communicating and Motivating Others

Question 1

The system of resources used as a channel for communication, such as the internet, for groups of people to connect is called:

A)Gossip Chain
B)Cluster Chain
C)Communication network
D)Communication paradigm

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following theories states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they believe they will receive their desired rewards?

A)Reinforcement Theory
B)Goal-Setting Theory
C)Expectancy Theory
D)Equity Theory

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the top level of the Hierarchy of Needs model?

A)Safety needs
B)Physiological needs
C)Self-Actualization needs
D)Love/belongingness needs

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943?

A)Two Factor Theory
B)Hierarchy of Needs
C)ERG Theory
D)Cluster Chain

Question 5

Who were the researchers to study the relationship between goal-setting and motivation?

A)Locke and Latham
B)Maslow
C)Herzberg
D)Alderfer

Question 6

In which type of reward system are awards or prizes given at a specific rate as accomplishments occur.

A)Merit-Based rewards
B)Piece-rate incentives
C)Scanlon Plan
D)Incentive-based rewards

Question 7

These tend to emerge in organizations where employees are not kept informed about what is going on by their management.

A)teams
B)grapevines
C)cliques
D)None of the above

Question 8

Giving all employees a "piece of the pie" is a way to describe:

A)Stock options
B)gainsharing
C)Scanlon plan
D)empowerment

Question 9

Our need to be respected and appreciated by others is what level in the Hierarchy of Needs?

A)Safety needs
B)Physiological needs
C)Self-Actualization needs
D)Esteem needs

Question 10

Which of the following schedules has a specific number of behaviors that must be met before a reward is given?

A)Fixed-ratio
B)Variable-interval
C)Fixed-interval
D)Variable-ratio

Question 11

Which of the following researchers developed the Two-Factor Theory in the 1950s?

A)Locke and Latham
B)Maslow
C)Herzberg
D)Alderfer

Question 12

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Both Maslow's and Alderfer's theories are laid out in a hierarchical structure
B)Existence needs describe our physiological and safety needs.
C)The ERG theory is known as the "Motivation-hygiene" theory.
D)The ERG theory believes that we can pursue different levels of needs simultaneously.

Question 13

Within the Shannon-Weaver Communications Model, _______ is anything that hampers communication between a sender and receiver.

A)interference
B)disruption
C)noise
D)distraction

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a barrier to communication?

A)Poor listening
B)Constrained emotions
C)Information overload
D)Differing perceptions

Question 15

The Equity theory states that:

A)motivation will be increased by setting clear, challenging, specific goals where employees are fully committed, and encouraged to give feedback
B)individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior
C)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
D)individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT describe a situation in which researcher Jerald Greenberg examined the predictable outcome of unfairness according to equity theory?

A)a15% pay increase
B)employees were reassigned to higher status offices
C)employees were reassigned to lower status offices
D)a 15% pay decrease

Question 17

Which researcher(s) introduced the extension of the Expectancy theory?

A)Vroom
B)Locke and Latham
C)Herzberg
D)Porter-Lawler

Question 18

Being aware of nuances in the environment and the behaviors of others is descriptive of which discipline for good communication?

A)Compassion
B)Conscientiousness
C)Grit
D)Gratitude

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of the ERG theory?

A)esteem
B)growth
C)existent
D)relatedness
E)None of the above

Question 20

The act of transmitting information, thought, and processes through various channels is known as:

A)talking
B)communication
C)verbalization
D)motivation

Question 21

A Reward System provides special recognition, prizes, and incentives for tasks, and jobs well done.

Question 22

Two examples of communication channels are __________ and __________.

Question 23

Positive reinforcement is the sharing of decisions, information, and responsibility with others.

Question 24

The Equity theory was first introduced by Victor Vroom in 1964.

Question 25

According to the equity theory, outputs include experience, effort, qualifications, and interpersonal skills.

Question 26

At work, self-actualization needs can be met by providing training, assigning challenging goals, and encouraging creativity.

Question 27

Negative reinforcement involves withholding praise or positive rewards.

Question 28

A variable-interval schedule is used after a varying period of time to reward successful performance in the forms of bonuses or promotions.

Question 29

Face-to-face discussion is considered the richest form of communication, as it allows for direct personal contact, instant feedback, and immediate clarification.

Question 30

Shelter, food, water, clothing, and warmth are all examples of _______________ needs.

Question 31

Different organizations tend to use only one type of reward system, rather than a diverse number of methods to reward employees.

Question 32

The two needs that are the most important and relevant in today's fluid workplace are ____________________ and _____________.

Question 33

The ERG Theory of Motivation lists five categories of human needs.

Question 34

Self-actualization is the first level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs model.

Question 35

Grapevines give rise to both Gossip and Cluster chains.

Question 36

____________ is a key factor in motivating employees.

Question 37

Herzberg believed that managers needed to address employees' hygiene factors before moving to motivators.

Question 38

The _______________ theory of motivation is based on job satisfaction and/or job dissatisfaction and the extent to which attitudes influence outcomes.

Question 39

The two factors of the Two-Factor theory are hygiene and motivators.

Question 40

Two types of behavior modification are positive reinforcement and avoidance learning.

Question 41

Matching

-ERG Theory of Motivation

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 42

A behavior strengthened by the removal of negative statements or actions is called ____________.

Question 43

Matching

-Equity Theory

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 44

Matching

-Scanlon Plan

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 45

The _______________ recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education, and training given to another individual or group cohesively.

Question 46

Matching

-Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 47

Individual attraction to the value of outcomes is called a _________.

Question 48

Matching

-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 49

List and describe the levels in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

Question 50

Define the concept of a reward system and compare some common types.

Question 51

Companies sometimes offer ____________ to employees as additional compensation or incentives, usually at a discounted price for a limited time.

Question 52

List and describe the three primary categories of communication channels reviewed in the text.Include a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Question 53

Matching

-Reinforcement Theory

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 54

_________ consists of a person's facial expression and body movements that express communication and emotion without the use of words.

Question 55

Matching

-Barriers to Communication

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 56

Matching

-Avoidance learning

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 57

Matching

-Expectancy Theory

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards

Question 58

Matching

-Gainsharing Program

A)Modification to Maslow's theory; created by Alderfer
B)Also called negative reinforcement
C)Individuals may be rewarded or punished based on the consequences of their behavior; introduced by B.F.Skinner
D)developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1950s
E)allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm
F)individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms
G)consists of physiological, safety, love/belongingness, esteem, and self -actualization needs
H)recognizes and rewards individuals for collaboration, leadership, education and training given to another individual or group cohesively
I)obstacles that interrupt the flow of conveying and receiving messages
J)theory that states that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards