Deck 50: Genitourinary Dysfunction

Question 1

Where are Wilms' tumours (nephroblastomas)located?

A) Bone
B) Brain
C) Kidney
D) Lymphatic system

Answer 1

Kidney

Question 2

What is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?

A) Pyelonephritis
B) Tubular destruction
C) Urinary tract obstruction
D) Severe dehydration

Answer 2

Severe dehydration

Question 3

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis.What does the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during this acute phase?

A) Bacteriuria, hematuria
B) Hematuria, proteinuria
C) Bacteriuria, increased specific gravity
D) Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity

Answer 3

Hematuria, proteinuria

Question 4

What is hypospadias?

A) Absence of a urethral opening
B) Penis shorter than usual for age
C) Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis
D) Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis

Question 5

When a child has chronic renal failure,the progressive deterioration produces a variety of clinical and biochemical disturbances that are eventually manifested in the clinical syndrome known as which of the following?

A) Uremia
B) Oliguria
C) Proteinuria
D) Pyelonephritis

Question 6

What is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure?

A) Hypokalemia
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Water and sodium retention
D) Excessive excretion of blood urea nitrogen

Question 7

Which diagnostic test provides images of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposing them to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

A) Renal ultrasound
B) Computed tomography
C) Intravenous pyelography
D) Voiding cystourethrography

Question 8

What is usually different about the diet of a child with nephrosis?

A) High protein
B) Salt restriction
C) Low fat
D) High carbohydrate

Question 9

The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with nephrosis to detect an early sign of which of the following?

A) Infection
B) Hypertension
C) Encephalopathy
D) Edema

Question 10

Therapeutic management of nephrosis includes which one of the following?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Antihypertensive agents
C) Long-term diuretics
D) Increased fluids to promote diuresis

Question 11

What is the term for inflammation of the bladder?

A) Cystitis
B) Urosepsis
C) Urethritis
D) Bacteriuria

Question 12

What is a common adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy?

A) Fever
B) Hypertension
C) Weight loss
D) Increased appetite

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure.What clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a sign of hyperkalemia?

A) Dyspnea
B) Seizure
C) Oliguria
D) Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 14

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

A) Risk for injury related to malignant process and treatment
B) Deficient fluid volume related to excessive losses
C) Excess fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration
D) Excess fluid volume related to fluid accumulation in tissues and third spaces

Question 15

What are the primary clinical manifestations of acute renal failure?

A) Oliguria and hypertension
B) Hematuria and pallor
C) Proteinuria and muscle cramps
D) Bacteriuria and facial edema

Question 16

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a child with chronic renal failure?

A) Hypotension
B) Massive hematuria
C) Hypokalemia
D) Unpleasant "uremic" breath odour

Question 17

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

A) Wear cotton underpants.
B) Limit bathing as much as possible.
C) Increase fluids and decrease salt intake.
D) Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding.

Question 18

What is the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin called?

A) Chordee
B) Phimosis
C) Epispadias
D) Hypospadias

Question 19

What is an important objective of care for a child with nephrosis?

A) Reduce blood pressure.
B) Reduce excretion of urinary protein.
C) Increase excretion of urinary protein.
D) Increase the ability of tissues to retain fluid.

Question 20

Which factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection?

A) Increased fluid intake
B) A short urethra in young girls
C) Prostatic secretions in males
D) Frequent emptying of the bladder

Question 21

Which statement describes renal transplantation in children?

A) It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years.
B) It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children.
C) Children can receive kidneys only from other children.
D) The decision for transplantation is difficult since a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible.

Question 22

What is one advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

A) Treatments are done in hospitals.
B) Protein loss is less extensive.
C) Dietary limitations are not necessary.
D) Parents and older children can perform treatments.

Question 23

The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection.Which clinical manifestation does she observe?

A) Vomiting
B) Jaundice
C) Back pain
D) Swelling of the face

Question 24

The diet of a child with chronic renal failure is usually characterized by which of the following?

A) High in protein
B) Low in vitamin D
C) Low in phosphorus
D) Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K

Question 25

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis.The child seems to always be angry,hostile,or depressed.The nurse should recognize that this is most likely related to what issue?

A) Neurological manifestations that occur with dialysis
B) Physiological manifestations of renal disease
C) Adolescents have few coping mechanisms.
D) Adolescents often resent the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis.

Question 26

One of the clinical manifestations of chronic renal failure is uremic frost.What is the best description of this term?

A) Deposits of urea crystals in urine
B) Deposits of urea crystals on skin
C) Over-excretion of blood urea nitrogen
D) Inability of body to tolerate cold temperatures

Question 27

What is the purpose of administering calcium carbonate with meals to a child with chronic renal disease?

A) It prevents vomiting.
B) It binds phosphorus.
C) It stimulates the appetite.
D) It increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.