Deck 52: Endocrine Dysfunction

Question 1

Hyperglycemia associated with diabetic ketoacidosis is defined as a blood glucose measurement equal to or greater than which value?

A) 10.7 mmol/L
B) 12.5 mmol/L
C) 15.1 mmol/L
D) 18.3 mmol/L

Answer 1

18.3 mmol/L

Question 2

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is suspected in an adolescent.Which clinical manifestation may be present?

A) Moist skin
B) Weight gain
C) Fluid overload
D) Poor wound healing

Answer 2

Poor wound healing

Question 3

A parent asks the nurse why self-monitoring of blood glucose is being recommended for her child with diabetes.What knowledge should form the basis of the nurse's explanation?

A) It is a less expensive method of testing.
B) It is not as accurate as laboratory testing.
C) Children are better able to manage the diabetes.
D) The parents are better able to manage the disease.

Answer 3

Children are better able to manage the diabetes.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a child with suspected diabetes insipidus.Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to observe?

A) Oliguria
B) Glycosuria
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Polyuria and polydipsia

Question 5

At what age is sexual development in boys and girls considered to be precocious?

A) Boys, 11 years; girls, 9 years
B) Boys, 12 years; girls, 10 years
C) Boys, 9 years; girls, 8 years
D) Boys, 10 years; girls, 9.5 years

Question 6

Which of the following is a condition that can result if there is hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH)after epiphyseal closure?

A) Dwarfism
B) Acromegaly
C) Gigantism
D) Cretinism

Question 7

A neonate born with ambiguous genitalia is diagnosed with congenital adrenogenital hyperplasia.Therapeutic management includes administering which one of the following?

A) Vitamin D
B) Cortisone
C) Stool softeners
D) Calcium carbonate

Question 8

Which statement best describes hypopituitarism?

A) Growth is normal during the first 3 years of life.
B) Weight is usually more retarded than height.
C) Skeletal proportions are normal for the age.
D) Most of these children have subnormal intelligence.

Question 9

Which of the following secretes glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and sex steroids?

A) Thyroid gland
B) Parathyroid glands
C) Adrenal cortex
D) Anterior pituitary

Question 10

A child with growth hormone (GH)deficiency is receiving GH therapy.What is the best time for the GH to be administered?

A) At bedtime
B) After meals
C) Before meals
D) On arising in the morning

Question 11

A child with hypoparathyroidism is receiving vitamin D therapy.The parents should be advised to watch for which sign of vitamin D toxicity?

A) Headache and seizures
B) Physical restlessness and voracious appetite without weight gain
C) Weakness and lassitude
D) Anorexia and insomnia

Question 12

Which one of the following statements is true of immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A) Ketoacidosis is infrequent.
B) Onset is gradual.
C) It occurs most often in children and young adults.
D) Oral agents are often effective for treatment.

Question 13

What is a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?

A) Nausea
B) Seizures
C) Impaired vision
D) Frequent urination

Question 14

What is a common clinical manifestation of juvenile hypothyroidism?

A) Insomnia
B) Diarrhea
C) Dry skin
D) Accelerated growth

Question 15

A child is starting treatment for precocious puberty.This involves injections of which synthetic substance?

A) Thyrotropin
B) Gonadotropins
C) Somatotropic hormone
D) Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone

Question 16

What is another name for chronic adrenocortical insufficiency?

A) Graves' disease
B) Addison's disease
C) Cushing's syndrome
D) Hashimoto's disease

Question 17

Which of the following may cause exophthalmos (protruding eyeballs)?

A) Hypothyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Hypoparathyroidism
D) Hyperparathyroidism

Question 18

A goiter is an enlargement,or hypertrophy,of which gland?

A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Anterior pituitary gland
D) Posterior pituitary gland

Question 19

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child who is receiving propylthiouracil for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease).Which statement indicates the parents' correct understanding of the teaching?

A) "I expect my child to gain weight while taking this medication."
B) "I expect my child to experience episodes of ear pain while taking this medication."
C) "If my child develops a sore throat and fever, I should contact the physician immediately."
D) "If my child develops the stomach flu, he will need to be hospitalized."

Question 20

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of which of the following structures?

A) Anterior pituitary
B) Posterior pituitary
C) Adrenal cortex
D) Adrenal medulla

Question 21

A child eats some sugar cubes after experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia.What type of food or beverage should follow this rapid-releasing sugar?

A) Saturated and unsaturated fat
B) Fruit juice
C) Several glasses of water
D) Complex carbohydrate and protein

Question 22

Which of the following is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

A) Lethargy
B) Thirst
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Shaky feeling and dizziness

Question 23

Nursing care for a child diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)should include which of the following?

A) Weigh the child daily.
B) Encourage fluids.
C) Turn the child frequently.
D) Maintain nothing by mouth.

Question 24

The nurse is discussing with a child and family the various sites used for insulin injections.Which site usually has the fastest rate of absorption?

A) Arm
B) Leg
C) Buttock
D) Abdomen

Question 25

The nurse is caring for an 11-year-old boy who has recently been diagnosed with diabetes.What should be included in the teaching plan for daily injections?

A) The parents do not need to learn the procedure.
B) He is old enough to give most of his own injections.
C) Self-injections will be possible when he is closer to adolescence.
D) He can learn about self-injections when he is able to reach all injection sites.

Question 26

What should the nurse explain about exercise to the parents of a child who has just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes?

A) Exercise will increase blood glucose.
B) Exercise should be restricted.
C) Extra snacks are needed before exercise.
D) Extra insulin is required during exercise.