Deck 11: Occlusion and Temporomandibular Disorders

Question 1

The term for an opening pathway of the jaw that shifts in the midline and disappears later in the opening movement is:

A) Deviation
B) Deflection
C) None of the above

Answer 1

Deviation

Question 2

A patient should be able to obtain a minimum of a ________-mm opening distance for mandibular movement.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 35
D) 40

Answer 2

40

Question 3

TMJ disorders are a grouping of musculoskeletal conditions that produce pain or dysfunction in the masticatory system.A problem occurring with the TMJ is known as extracapsular.

A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.

Answer 3

The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.

Question 4

The dental hygienist should perform a TMJ disorder screening examination for each patient and then:

A) Provide a preliminary diagnosis.
B) Provide a follow-up examination with a comprehensive evaluation.
C) Refer the patient to the dentist if orthofunction is present.
D) Refer the patient to the dentist if signs and symptoms of a TMJ disorder are present.

Question 5

The role of the dental hygienist in treating TMJ disorders is:

A) To recognize, record, and refer
B) To classify, record, and treat
C) To recognize, record, and treat
D) None of the above

Question 6

The most frequently recommended approach for the treatment of a TMJ disorder is:

A) Occlusal splint therapy
B) Pharmacologic therapy
C) Physical medicine therapy
D) Occlusal reduction therapy

Question 7

The response of the teeth and periodontium to function can be affected by the:

A) Size and shape of the roots only
B) Quantity and quality of the bone only
C) Quantity and quality of the bone, the microbiologic organisms of the plaque biofilm, and oral habits
D) Size and shape of the roots, the quantity and quality of the bone, the microbiologic organisms of the plaque biofilm, and oral habits

Question 8

The symptoms observed in this patient would lead the dental hygienist to consider a condition of:

A) Malocclusion
B) Hyperfunction
C) Primary occlusal trauma
D) Secondary occlusal trauma

Question 9

What percentage of the population has signs and symptoms of TMJ disorder?

A) 5% to 60%
B) 10% to 50%
C) 15% to 80%
D) 15% to 90%

Question 10

After completing the initial history and examination for this patient,the dental hygienist should:

A) Postpone the dental hygiene treatment.
B) Proceed with the dental hygiene treatment.
C) Proceed with caution and inform the patient of potential problems.
D) Refer the patient for a comprehensive evaluation before any dental hygiene or dental treatment is performed.

Question 11

The role of the dental hygienist in the detection of occlusal abnormalities and jaw dysfunction is to:

A) Recognize and treat.
B) Record, readjust, and treat.
C) Recognize, record, and refer.
D) Recognize, record, and readjust.

Question 12

Oral habits are repetitive:

A) Home care routines
B) Normal masticatory activities
C) Masticatory activities resulting in traumatic occlusion
D) Masticatory activities outside the normal range of function

Question 13

The patient's sore jaw involves only the muscles of mastication and not the TMJ.The description of this condition would then be termed:

A) Spasm
B) Arthralgia
C) Extracapsular
D) Intracapsular

Question 14

A deviation of the mandible to the right on opening suggests:

A) Crepitus
B) Clicking
C) Restriction of the left condyle
D) Restriction of the right condyle

Question 15

On which of the following is the range of morphofunctional harmony-to-disharmony dependent?

A) Systemic factors of the patient
B) Position of the condyles of the TMJ
C) Adaptive capacity of the oral system
D) Quantity and quality of the bacterial plaque biofilm

Question 16

Please use the following case description to complete the following exercises.
A 34-year-old woman, TJJ, desires dental hygiene treatment to correct light-to-moderate subgingival plaque and calculus.In addition, she states that she is concerned about the wear on her teeth, especially the lower front incisors.Numerous shiny wear facets are present, generalized inflammation is present around the posterior teeth, and slight bone loss is visible on the radiographic images.During the review of her medical and dental history, the patient also complains of headaches and a "sore jaw" in the morning and identifies the headaches and sore jaw as her chief complaint.
The most likely cause of this patient's chief complaint is:

A) Trismus
B) Crepitus
C) Bruxism
D) Gingivitis

Question 17

The bone loss noted on this patient's radiographic images is probably related to what oral condition?

A) Trismus
B) Myalgia
C) Occlusal trauma
D) Periodontal disease

Question 18

A deviation is a shift in the midline during opening that disappears at some point later in the opening movement.Deflection is a shift in the midline that becomes greater as the opening movement continues.

A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.

Question 19

What is the term for an occlusion that has caused an injury to the teeth,muscles,or joint?

A) Traumatic
B) Excessive
C) Functional
D) Inflammatory

Question 20

The term used to describe a single event that results in damage to the masticatory system is:

A) Bruxism
B) Discrepancy
C) Microtrauma
D) Macrotrauma

Question 21

Occlusal relationship is not a predictor of pain or problems in the TMJ.

Question 22

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
Bruxism

A)Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
B)Grinding or gnashing of the teeth
C)Grating noise in the TMJ
D)Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function

Question 23

Occlusal interferences are supracontacts capable of injuring the periodontal tissues or complicating mandibular movement.

Question 24

The etiologic attributes of TMJ disorders are multifactorial.

Question 25

Occlusal trauma is not a factor in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.

Question 26

A facet is a tooth surface worn by tooth-to-tooth contact,resulting from only parafunctional causes.

Question 27

Slight mobility of the teeth,especially the lower incisors,is normal.

Question 28

Traumatic occlusion does not refer to malocclusion.

Question 29

Wear caused by tooth-to-tooth contact is called orthofunction.When a facet is angular,the occlusal forces are directed laterally and increase the risk of periodontal injury.

A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.

Question 30

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
Fremitus

A)Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
B)Grinding or gnashing of the teeth
C)Grating noise in the TMJ
D)Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function

Question 31

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
Trismus

A)Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
B)Grinding or gnashing of the teeth
C)Grating noise in the TMJ
D)Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function

Question 32

Secondary traumatic occlusion refers to heavy occlusal forces exceeding the adaptive range in a normal periodontium.

Question 33

The area of occlusion and study of occlusal harmony have been surrounded with controversy and confusion.

Question 34

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
Crepitus

A)Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
B)Grinding or gnashing of the teeth
C)Grating noise in the TMJ
D)Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function

Question 35

The normal position of the teeth in maximum intercuspation is called:

A) Static occlusion
B) Centric occlusion
C) Primary occlusion
D) Functional occlusion

Question 36

Microtrauma is usually a single minor event that may have caused damage to the masticatory system.

Question 37

Myalgia is an example of which main diagnostic category for TMJ disorders?

A) Disorders of mandibular mobility
B) Disorders of maxillomandibular growth
C) Muscle and facial disorders of the masticatory system
D) Internal derangements that impair mechanical function

Question 38

Considerations for treating patients with TMJ disorders should include:

A) Brief appointments, if possible
B) Postoperative instructions for a soft diet and using warm compresses
C) Using aids such as bite blocks during treatment for patient comfort
D) All of the above

Question 39

The occlusal splint is a type of mouth guard.