Deck 10: Metamorphism: New Rock From Old

Question 1

According to the figure below,what metamorphic facies occur at 200ºC and 200 MPa.

A)zeolitefacies
B)greenschistfacies
C)blueschistfacies
D)eclogitefacies
E)granulitefacies

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The mineralogical,structural,textural,and chemical changes that occur below the area of sedimentation and diagenesis are known as _____.

A)stress
B)isograd
C)metasomatism
D)metamorphism
E)subduction

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following metamorphic facies forms under the highest temperature and pressure?

A)zeolite
B)greenschist
C)blueschist
D)amphibolite
E)granulite

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which type of metamorphism is associated with orogens?

A)burial
B)regional
C)contact
D)meteorite impact
E)noneof the above

Question 5

Characteristic minerals known as _____ mark the appearance of new mineral assemblages in the progression from low to high grade metamorphism.

A)isograds
B)index minerals
C)aureoles
D)stress minerals
E)schistosity

Question 6

According to the figure below,what metamorphic facies occur at 700ºC and 600 MPa.

A)zeolitefacies
B)greenschistfacies
C)blueschistfacies
D)eclogitefacies
E)granulitefacies

Question 7

According to the figure below,_____ is the temperature at which melting starts.

A)200ºC
B)400ºC
C)600ºC
D)800ºC
E)none of the above

Question 8

According to the figure below,which mineral is exclusive to high grade metamorphism?

A)quartz
B)kyanite
C)sillimanite
D)chlorite
E)feldspar

Question 9

Which of the following metamorphic facies are characteristic of burial metamorphism?

A)zeolite
B)blueschist
C)granulite
D)eclogite
E)noneof the above

Question 10

_____ deformation includes grinding,crushing,bending,and fracturing.

A)Chemical
B)Mechanical
C)Metasomatic
D)Burial
E)Hydrothermal

Question 11

A metamorphic rock composed entirely of one type of mineral is said to be _____.

A)isograd
B)slaty
C)schistosity
D)monomineralic
E)metasomatic

Question 12

Meteorite impacts can be identified by the presence of _____.

A)stress
B)phyllite
C)slaty cleavage
D)schistosity
E)shocked quartz

Question 13

Which of the following metamorphic rocks form when limestone is metamorphosed?

A)quartzite
B)marble
C)slate
D)gneiss
E)schist

Question 14

Which of the following metamorphic rocks form under high stress and low to moderate temperatures in subduction zones?

A)blueschist
B)greenschist
C)schist
D)slate
E)quartzite

Question 15

A zone of contact metamorphism called a(n)_____ is sometimes found in igneous rocks.

A)isograd
B)pore
C)orogen
D)stress
E)aureole

Question 16

According to the figure below,at 400 MPa high grade metamorphism starts at what temperature?

A)200ºC
B)400ºC
C)600ºC
D)800ºC
E)none of the above

Question 17

The banded rock in the figure below is known as _____.

A)schist
B)gneiss
C)phyllite
D)marble
E)slate

Question 18

A very fine-grained,low-grade metamorphic rock that results from the metamorphism of shale is known as _____.

A)gneiss
B)schist
C)phyllite
D)eclogite
E)slate

Question 19

In the figure below,which of the following minerals is exclusive to low grade metamorphism?

A)quartz
B)kyanite
C)sillimanite
D)chlorite
E)feldspar

Question 20

_____ is the metamorphic process by which the chemical composition of the rock is changed by the addition or removal of fluids.

A)Stress
B)Foliation
C)Slaty cleavage
D)Metasomatism
E)Burial metamorphism

Question 21

Slate is a type of a high-grade metamorphic rock.

Question 22

The figure below shows a nonfoliated metamorphic rock.

Question 23

Burma and Central America have the world's largest jade deposits.

Question 24

In the figure below,burial metamorphism occurs at #4.

Question 25

In the figure below,at a depth of approximately 5km the pressures are 200 MPa.

Question 26

Metamorphism commences at approximately 300°C.

Question 27

According to the figure below,pressures of 1000 MPa occur at depths of approximately 10km.

Question 28

Metamorphism occurs only at depths greater than 40km.

Question 29

Metasomatism refers to mechanical alterations of a rock.

Question 30

The largest scale of metamorphism results from contact metamorphism.

Question 31

Regional metamorphism is most common in orogenic areas.

Question 32

Lines marking the first appearance of index minerals are known as _____.

A)low grade
B)stress
C)isograds
D)schistosity
E)contour

Question 33

Greenschists and amphibolites form in moderate to high temperatures where pore fluids are present.

Question 34

Marble and quartzite are both monomineralic metamorphic rocks.

Question 35

Zeolite facies form from relatively low pressures and low temperatures.

Question 36

Metamorphic rocks can occur from sedimentary and igneous rocks.

Question 37

Burial metamorphism occurs after diagenesis and results from pressures associated with sedimentary basins.

Question 38

Migmatites are composed of igneous and sedimentary rocks.

Question 39

Quartzite results from metamorphosed sandstone.

Question 40

A slate belt in eastern North America occurs in the Appalachian Mountains from Georgia to Maine.

Question 41

_____are formed under low temperatures and low pressures.

Question 42

Rocks that are metamorphosed at temperatures and pressures higher than 400°C and 400MPa respectively are known as _____ metamorphic rocks.

Question 43

_____ metamorphic rocks are changed under temperatures of less than 400°C and pressures of less than 400MPa.

Question 44

When metamorphic rocks are composed of one type of mineral,they are referred to as _____.

Question 45

The temperature boundary between diagenesis and metamorphism is about _____.

Question 46

_____ is a foliation in low-grade metamorphic rocks that causes them to break into flat,platy fragments.

Question 47

_____are composite rocks composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Question 48

The temperature in the continental crust increases with depth at a rate of about_____.

Question 49

Duration and rate of deformation are not important factors in metamorphism.

Question 50

According to the figure below,_____ is the metamorphic index mineral that occurs directly north of the Great Glen Fault.

Question 51

Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock than is commonly banded.

Question 52

The mineralogical,chemical,textural,and structural changes that occur below the region of sedimentation and diagenesis are known as _____.

Question 53

A nonfoliated metamorphic rock derived from sandstone is known as _____.

Question 54

Amphibolite and greenschistfacies are most commonly associated with subduction zones.

Question 55

In the figure below,_____ will occur close to the #4.

Question 56

A nonfoliated metamorphic rock that derives from limestone and contains calcium carbonate as its main ingredient is known as _____.

Question 57

In the figure below,_____facies occur at 550ºC and 600 MPa.

Question 58

Changes in mineral composition,formation of new minerals,and changes in the amount of pore fluid through chemical reactions are collectively known as _____.

Question 59

An igneous intrusion is commonly surrounded by a zone,or _____,of contact metamorphism.

Question 60

Meteorite impact can lead to metamorphism.

Question 61

_____are common with contact metamorphism.

Question 62

Explain the difference between low grade and high grade metamorphic rocks.

Question 63

A high-grade metamorphic rock that is commonly banded is referred to as _____.

Question 64

_____ is the metamorphic rock that forms from the metamorphism of limestone.

Question 65

_____takes place in the continental crust in areas covering thousands of square kilometers.

Question 66

Explain the upper temperature limit of metamorphism.

Question 67

What are the factors that control metamorphism?

Question 68

Please list the different type of metamorphic facies and the environments in which they form.

Question 69

What are the differences between blueschist and greenschist?

Question 70

What is the difference between slaty cleavage and schistosity?

Question 71

_____ is the process in which the chemical composition of a rock is altered by addition or removal of materials soluble in fluids.

Question 72

Explain how geologists use index minerals.

Question 73

What is metasomatism?

Question 74

Rocks that occur between isograds are said to be in a particular _____.

Question 75

Meteorite impacts can be identified by the presence of _____ under a microscope.

Question 76

At a depth of 5km below the crust,the pressure is equivalent to about _____ atmospheres.