Deck 16: Big Business and Organized Labor, 1860-1900

Question 1

Which of the following was developed before the Civil War?

A)Cotton gin
B)Telephone
C)Steam turbines
D)Typewriters
E)Vacuum cleaner

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The Sandlot Incident in San Francisco in 1877 led to attacks against Chinese immigrants.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What invention spurred the industrial and urban development?

A)Elevators
B)Electricity
C)Subway system
D)Steel factories
E)Coal-burning furnaces

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Most Americans experienced a rising standard of living in the late 19th century.

Question 5

Because of this machine,and the belief that women were more dexterous than men,the post-Civil War era saw an increase in the female workforce in businesses.

A)Cotton gin
B)Vacuum cleaner
C)Typewriter
D)Gas light
E)Sewing machine

Question 6

Power sources (such as water,coal,wood,and oil)were more expensive in the United States than in other nations around the world.

Question 7

Andrew Carnegie invented the process that enabled a dramatic increase in steel production.

Question 8

Which of the following was not a cause of industrial growth in the era following the Civil War?

A)A resurging southern economy
B)The introduction of mass production techniques
C)A flood of immigrants
D)Technological innovations
E)Mass productions

Question 9

What is one thing that the United States had that other nations did not that helped spur the Industrial Revolution?

A)An intelligent workforce
B)A universal health care system
C)Socialized medicine
D)Vast natural resources
E)Government-mandated quotas

Question 10

John D.Rockefeller is best associated with which industry?

A)Steel
B)Railroad
C)Iron
D)Oil
E)Banking

Question 11

By the 1880s,most states had outlawed child labor.

Question 12

By 1897,the United States had more of this than all the European nations combined

A)Factories
B)Automobiles
C)Electricity-generating factories
D)Railroads
E)Bridges

Question 13

After the Second Industrial Revolution,corporations tried their hands at

A)Farming.
B)Mining.
C)Oil drilling.
D)Manufacturing.
E)Politics.

Question 14

What is the term given to describe the ability of companies to afford technological improvements and the workforces to propel them into the modern age?

A)Rugged industrialism
B)The American system
C)Economies of scale
D)Innovation
E)Invisible hand theory

Question 15

Anarchists oppose all forms of government.

Question 16

The number of inventions registered at the U.S.Patent Office remained fairly constant through the 19th century.

Question 17

The first transcontinental railroad was completed at Promontory,Utah.

Question 18

The Haymarket affair was a peaceful protest against the use of child labor.

Question 19

The Foran Act made it illegal for federal or state government workers to join labor unions.

Question 20

Which of the following industries was the United States not a world leader in by 1900?

A)Oil
B)Wheat
C)cotton
D)steel
E)gold

Question 21

Thanks to this man's invention,steel became substantially cheaper to make.

A)Andrew Carnegie
B)John D.Rockefeller
C)George Titus
D)Henry Bessemer
E)J.P.Morgan

Question 22

The rise of this ailment was used to try to keep women from attending college and out of the workplace.

A)Hysteria
B)Dyslexia
C)Neurasthenia
D)Hypoglycemia
E)Diabetes

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a land grant college?

A)University of Texas
B)Harvard
C)Kansas State University
D)Sam Houston State University
E)University of Southern California

Question 24

What economic doctrine was typically used during the post-Civil War era?

A)Et tu Bruti
B)Laissez-faire
C)Les bonne temps rolle
D)Fascism
E)Socialism

Question 25

After the Civil War,what was the complaint about the federal tariff?

A)It was not generating enough revenue.
B)It was not forcing American companies to be competitive with their prices.
C)It was allowing too many foreign imports into the American market.
D)It was no longer needed.
E)It was not high enough.

Question 26

By 1900,_____ of college students were women.

A)one-sixth
B)one-third
C)one-quarter
D)one-half
E)three-fourths

Question 27

The process Rockefeller used to gain control of his company's industry is known as

A)a hostile takeover.
B)vertical integration.
C)horizontal integration.
D)an Invisible Hand market.
E)a corporate-controlled market.

Question 28

This woman established Hull House,a settlement house for immigrants in Chicago.

A)Susan B.Anthony
B)Elizabeth Cady Stanton
C)Dorothea Dix
D)Jane Addams
E)Sojourner Truth

Question 29

When one company buys or forces out all of their competitors,it is participating in

A)a hostile takeover.
B)vertical integration.
C)horizontal integration.
D)an Invisible Hand market.
E)a corporate-controlled market.

Question 30

In an effort to prevent corporations from obtaining market monopolies,Congress passed the

A)Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
B)Merrill Enforcement Act.
C)Interstate Commerce Act.
D)Terrell Act.
E)Free Market Act.

Question 31

When one company buys everything needed to produce,market,and deliver their product,they have participated in

A)a hostile takeover.
B)vertical integration.
C)horizontal integration.
D)an Invisible Hand market.
E)a corporate-controlled market.

Question 32

What title was given to the political and economic leaders during the Gilded Age?

A)Titans of industry
B)Robber barons
C)WASPS
D)The Gilders
E)The Trustees

Question 33

Andrew Carnegie is best associated with which industry?

A)Steel
B)Railroad
C)Iron
D)Oil
E)Banking

Question 34

The Legal Tender Act of 1862

A)called for the coinage of money in gold.
B)called for the coinage of money in gold and silver.
C)forbade the printing of paper currency.
D)allowed for the printing of paper currency.
E)led to the depression of 1872.

Question 35

This legal entity allowed companies to sidestep laws that forbade them from owning stock in their competitors.

A)Monopoly
B)Corporation
C)Industry
D)Trust
E)Intergrated

Question 36

This man created the United States' first billion-dollar corporation.

A)Andrew Carnegie
B)John d.Rockefeller
C)George Titus
D)Henry Bessemer
E)J.P.Morgan

Question 37

Why were trusts created?

A)To allow companies to diversify their accumulated wealth
B)To sidestep laws preventing one company from owning another
C)To streamline the marketplace
D)To abolish competition
E)To lower prices to hurt their competitors

Question 38

What was the United States' first billion-dollar corporation?

A)United States Steel Corporation
B)Standard Oil
C)Northern Pacific Railroad
D)Standard Oil
E)Sherman Trust Company

Question 39

After the Civil War,how did Congress often finance its economic plans?

A)Foreign loans
B)The printing of paper money
C)Through the gifts of free land
D)Raising the income tax rate
E)Raising the tariff rate

Question 40

The way in which businesses cultivated and bought influence from government officials is called

A)lobbying.
B)loitering.
C)bribery.
D)kickbacks.
E)pooling.

Question 41

This early union was more interested in working to craft state laws important to their members than directly bargaining with employers.

A)Knights of Labor
B)The Workingmen's Movement
C)National Labor Union
D)American Federation of Labor
E)American Steel Worker's Union

Question 42

Write an essay exploring the role of women in the late 19th century.In what ways were the roles,attitudes,and expectations for women changing? Why were those changes taking place? How was society responding to those changes? In what ways did the roles of women remain the same?

Question 43

Write an essay exploring the opportunities and difficulties faced by immigrants coming to the United States in the late 19th century.How were immigrants involved in and affected by the changes taking place in the era?

Question 44

The Knights of Labor's decline began because of its perceived involvement in

A)the Pinkerton Agency.
B)the Sandlot Incident.
C)the Great Railroad Strike of 1877.
D)abolishing child labor.
E)the Haymarket Riot.

Question 45

The largest group employed in factories during the Gilded Age was

A)women.
B)children.
C)immigrants.
D)African Americans.
E)Chinese.

Question 46

Which of the following was not a reform advocated by the Knights of Labor?

A)Providing access to jobs for reformed convicts
B)Equal pay for men and women
C)Paper currency
D)An 8-hour workday
E)Creation of workers cooperatives

Question 47

Trace the development and completion of the first transcontinental railroad.Identify the factors that delayed its development,what obstacles had to be removed before it could proceed,and why its completion was significant to the United States.

Question 48

This individual led the American Federation of Labor.

A)Dennis Kearney
B)Samuel Gompers
C)Terence Powderly
D)Eugene V.Debs
E)Howard Hughes

Question 49

The Homestead Strike ended with

A)the workers' union destroyed and their leaders imprisoned.
B)a 10 percent raise in pay for all piece work.
C)the establishment of an 8-hour day.
D)the abolishment of immigrant labor at the plant.
E)the Pinkerton Detective Agency being hired to break up the strike.

Question 50

What factors account for the dramatic growth in business after the Civil War? Write an essay that explains why each factor you identify was significant.

Question 51

Eugene V.Debs and the ___________ became famous during the ____________.

A)Pinkerton Agency,Homestead Steel Strike
B)Workingmen's Union,Sandlot Incident
C)American Railway Union,Pullman Strike
D)International Workers of the World,Anthracite Coal Mine Strike
E)Knights of Labor,Haymarket Riot

Question 52

Thanks to the electrical light,

A)factories made more light bulbs.
B)owners made their workers work longer.
C)more shifts were possible for more pay.
D)unskilled workers could go to college in the evenings and learn a skill.
E)more immigrants were hired to fill vacancies.

Question 53

Before the Civil War,if you were a young child and you had a job,most likely you worked

A)in a textile factory.
B)in a mine.
C)on a farm.
D)on a ship.
E)in a lumberyard.

Question 54

The Sandlot Incident was aimed at protesting the hiring of what group of immigrants?

A)German
B)Mexican
C)Chinese
D)Irish
E)Spanish

Question 55

Write an essay that explores the relationship between Big Business and government in the late 19th century.How did they each support one another? Cite specific examples of government legislation that supported the development of Big Business and explain.Were there areas where they came into conflict? Explain any conflict and the results of the conflict.

Question 56

What were the social consequences of the rise of Big Business? How did the movement affect the social classes? Explore the impact on the upper,middle,and lower classes.Discuss how the movement affected the roles of men,women,and children.

Question 57

What was a reason that married women were offered less pay during the Gilded Age?

A)They were not as smart as men.
B)They didn't eat as much.
C)They were sharing the rent
D)Their husbands supported them.
E)They were not as valuable.

Question 58

Compare and contrast the major industrial leaders of the late 19th century.How did each rise to power,and what did they do to ensure they would stay at the top of their respective industries? What do they have in common,and what differences distinguish them from each other? What makes each of them important to understanding the late 19th century?

Question 59

Compare the aims and achievements of the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor.What common ground do they share? What factors help explain their differences?

Question 60

The end of the Pullman Strike came when

A)the Pinkerton Detective Agency was called in to bust up the strike.
B)the Haymarket Riot killed the Knights of Labor union and they could no longer fund it.
C)the Supreme Court ruled that unions did not have federally protected civil rights.
D)President Cleveland dispatched federal troops to remove train cars from the tracks.
E)Eugene V.Debs was thrown in jail for his communist beliefs.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Eugene V.Debs

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
J.Pierpont Morgan

Question 63

Discuss the various major strikes that occurred after the Civil War.Include the Great Railroad Strike of 1877,the Homestead Strike,and the Pullman Strike.What were the similarities and differences with each?

Question 64

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Henry Clay Frick

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Dennis Kearney

Question 66

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
John D.Rockefeller

Question 67

What were the major technological advancements of the post-Civil War era? How did these advancements contribute to the expansion of America's industrial revolution?

Question 68

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Thomas Edison

Question 69

Write an essay that explains why labor unions developed as they did in the United States.What factors shaped the growth of labor unions during this period? What factors delayed or weakened their growth? What were their limitations,and what achievements can they claim?

Question 70

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Samuel Gompers

Question 71

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Terence V.Powderly

Question 72

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the following descriptions.
a.Founded Standard Oil
b.Was president of the Homestead Steel Works
c.Led the Knights of Labor
d.Wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"
e.Was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
f.Led the American Federation of Labor
g.Invented the phonograph
h.Organized Workingmen's Party of California
i.Consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation
Andrew Carnegie