Deck 11: Endocrine System

Question 1

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A) is produced by the posterior pituitary gland
B) is called the ovulating hormone
C) stimulates the primary ovarian follicle to develop
D) all of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Aldosterone

A) increases gluconeogenesis
B) is produced in the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
C) is a mineralocorticoid
D) both a and c above

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Steroid hormones have hormone receptors in the

A) nucleus of the cell
B) cytoplasm of the cell
C) cell membrane
D) both a and c above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The posterior pituitary gland releases

A) ADH
B) ACTH
C) TSH
D) both b and c above

Question 5

The thyroid gland

A) is unique because it does not store the hormones it makes
B) is found in the neck
C) requires calcium to produce its hormone
D) all of the above

Question 6

Calcitonin causes

A) an increase in the blood concentration of calcium
B) a breakdown in the bone matrix
C) a decrease in the blood concentration of calcium
D) both a and b above

Question 7

Second messengers are important in the functioning of

A) nonsteroid hormones
B) steroid hormones
C) carbohydrate hormones
D) both b and c above

Question 8

The anterior pituitary secretes

A) TSH
B) oxytocin
C) ADH
D) all of the above

Question 9

The endocrine system consists of glands that

A) release chemicals into ducts
B) release chemicals carried by the blood
C) release chemicals into body cavities
D) all of the above

Question 10

Steroid hormones

A) cause protein synthesis in the cell
B) can cause the formation of cAMP
C) require a second messenger to function
D) both b and c above

Question 11

The parathyroid hormone

A) has the opposite effect of calcitonin
B) is made in the thyroid gland
C) causes a decrease in blood concentration of calcium
D) all of the above

Question 12

The thyroid gland produces

A) T3
B) T4
C) calcitonin
D) all of the above

Question 13

Nonsteroid hormones have hormone receptors in the

A) nucleus of the cell
B) cytoplasm of the cell
C) cell membrane
D) both a and c above

Question 14

The anterior pituitary

A) is called the neurohypophysis
B) is called the adenohypophysis
C) secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) both a and c above

Question 15

Oxytocin

A) is released by the posterior pituitary gland
B) stimulates uterine contraction
C) uses a positive feedback mechanism
D) all of the above

Question 16

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A) is secreted by the neurohypophysis
B) is secreted by the adenohypophysis
C) stimulates the release of thyroid hormone
D) both b and c above

Question 17

Hormones are not a major regulator of

A) metabolism
B) blood pH
C) voluntary muscle movement
D) both b and c above

Question 18

ADH

A) is released by the hypothalamus
B) is made by the pituitary gland
C) increases the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidney
D) all of the above

Question 19

Nonsteroid hormones

A) cause protein synthesis in the cell
B) can cause the formation of cAMP
C) have hormone receptors in the nucleus of the cell
D) both a and c above

Question 20

Hormones

A) can use positive feedback mechanisms
B) can use negative feedback mechanisms
C) do not use feedback mechanisms for regulation
D) both a and b above

Question 21

Aldosterone has its effects mainly on the cells of the

A) intestine
B) stomach
C) liver
D) kidney

Question 22

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a steroid hormone?

A) The receptor is in the nucleus of the cell.
B) It causes protein synthesis to occur.
C) It uses cAMP as a second messenger.
D) It can pass through the cell membrane.

Question 23

Epinephrine

A) is released by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
B) reinforces the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
C) is released in response to stress
D) both a and b above

Question 24

Insulin

A) is made by beta cells in the pancreas
B) has the opposite effect of glucagon
C) decreases the blood glucose level
D) all of the above

Question 25

Cortisol

A) has the opposite effect of aldosterone
B) is made in the outer zone of the adrenal cortex
C) stimulates gluconeogenesis
D) all of the above

Question 26

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nonsteroid hormone?

A) It attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane.
B) It causes protein synthesis to occur.
C) It can use cAMP as a second messenger.
D) All of the above are characteristics of a nonsteroid hormone.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a function of luteinizing hormone?

A) It stimulates the growth of an egg follicle in the ovary.
B) It causes ovulation of the egg.
C) It causes the testes to secrete testosterone.
D) All of the above are functions of luteinizing hormone.

Question 28

Cortisol

A) is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex
B) is a glucocorticoid
C) has an anti-immunity effect
D) all of the above

Question 29

The pineal gland is

A) located in the neck
B) located in the mediastinum
C) sometimes called the "third eye"
D) both b and c above

Question 30

Glucagon

A) is released by pancreatic beta cells
B) accelerates liver glycogenolysis
C) causes a drop in blood glucose levels
D) all of the above

Question 31

Lactogenic hormone is another name for

A) prolactin
B) oxytocin
C) growth hormone
D) estrogen

Question 32

Androgens,which are similar to testosterone,are

A) secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
B) secreted by the middle zone of the adrenal cortex
C) secreted by the outer zone of the adrenal cortex
D) not secreted by the adrenal cortex

Question 33

The ovary secretes

A) FSH
B) estrogen
C) LH
D) all of the above

Question 34

Testosterone is

A) produced by the prostate gland
B) produced by the interstitial cells of the testes
C) the masculinizing hormone
D) both b and c above

Question 35

The thymus gland

A) is located in the neck
B) produces thymosin
C) is important in the development of red blood cells
D) both a and b above

Question 36

Nonsteroid hormones can be made of

A) proteins
B) carbohydrates
C) nucleic acids
D) all of the above

Question 37

A decrease in insulin production

A) usually causes type 1 diabetes mellitus
B) will stimulate the release of growth hormone
C) is usually the cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus
D) both a and c above

Question 38

The placenta releases

A) chorionic gonadotropins
B) progesterone
C) estrogen
D) all of the above

Question 39

Aldosterone

A) increases blood sodium levels
B) decreases blood sodium levels
C) increases blood potassium levels
D) both b and c above

Question 40

The corpus luteum secretes mostly

A) progesterone but some estrogen
B) estrogen but some progesterone
C) estrogen but some FSH
D) progesterone but some FSH

Question 41

This endocrine gland is not in the brain

A) the adenohypophysis
B) the thymus gland
C) the pineal gland
D) all of the above are in the brain

Question 42

The endocrine and nervous systems perform the same general function.

Question 43

ADH would have no effect on liver cells.

Question 44

The hormone that seems to influence how fat is metabolized in the body is

A) leptin
B) ANH
C) ADH
D) melatonin

Question 45

Which of the following is not true of prostaglandins?

A) They are called tissue hormones.
B) They are typical hormones.
C) They influence activities of nearby cells.
D) All of the above are true of prostaglandins.

Question 46

Exocrine glands do not

A) release their products into ducts
B) empty into a surface or cavity
C) stimulate receptors in target cells
D) all of the above are characteristics of exocrine glands

Question 47

Which of the following is not a tropic hormone?

A) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B) Prolactin
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
D) Luteinizing hormone

Question 48

Exocrine glands can also release hormones.

Question 49

Which of the following is not a class of prostaglandins?

A) PGB
B) PGA
C) PGE
D) All of the above are classes of prostaglandins

Question 50

In order for T₄ to be produced,the diet must contain sufficient amounts of

A) calcium
B) iodine
C) iron
D) sulfur

Question 51

Endocrine glands secrete hormones.

Question 52

The hormone that helps regulate the body's internal clock is

A) leptin
B) ANH
C) ADH
D) melatonin

Question 53

Nitric oxide

A) is a second messenger
B) is a new discovered hormone
C) causes the release of G protein
D) forms cyclic AMP

Question 54

Prostaglandins,along with several other tissue hormones such as leukotrienes and thromboxane,are sometimes called

A) pancreatic agents
B) androgens
C) corticoids
D) paracrine agents

Question 55

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a hyposecretion of

A) insulin
B) glucagon
C) aldosterone
D) ADH

Question 56

The G protein

A) works with steroid hormones
B) works with nonsteroid hormones
C) assists in the process of protein synthesis after steroid hormone attachment
D) both a and c above

Question 57

Aldosterone has an impact on the concentration of which substance in the blood?

A) Glucose
B) Potassium
C) Sodium
D) Both b and c above

Question 58

Hormones are carried to their target organs by ducts.

Question 59

The hormone that has the opposite function of calcitonin is

A) parathyroid hormone
B) T3
C) T4
D) insulin

Question 60

The posterior pituitary gland

A) is also called the neurohypophysis
B) produces TSH
C) releases several tropic hormones
D) all of the above are true of the posterior pituitary gland

Question 61

Calcitonin is an example of a hormone that uses a negative feedback mechanism for regulation.

Question 62

Steroid hormones use nitrogen oxide as their second messenger.

Question 63

Prostaglandins are also called "tissue hormones."

Question 64

Nonsteroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 65

ATP is frequently a second messenger of protein hormones.

Question 66

Research has indicated that prostaglandins work by increasing the number of hormone receptors produced by a cell.

Question 67

Another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the adenohypophysis.

Question 68

Positive feedback mechanisms work to return the body to homeostasis.

Question 69

TSH causes an increase in thyroid hormones when their blood level is too low.This is an example of a positive feedback mechanism.

Question 70

Most hormones use a negative feedback system for regulation.

Question 71

Steroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 72

One of the main differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary glands is that one is made of glandular tissue and one is made of nerve tissue.

Question 73

Many of the posterior pituitary hormones are tropic hormones.

Question 74

Oxytocin is an example of a hormone that uses a positive feedback mechanism for regulation.

Question 75

A cell with an abnormally low number of ribosomes would slow down the effect of a steroid hormone.

Question 76

The pituitary gland sits in the "Turkish saddle."

Question 77

Nonsteroid hormones require a second messenger.

Question 78

Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Question 79

Prostaglandins made in one part of the body frequently can have an effect on distant parts of the body.

Question 80

Steroid hormones do not need a second messenger because they are able to pass through the cell membrane.