Deck 14: Lymphatic System and Immunity

Question 1

The spleen

A) is in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, lateral to the liver
B) helps filter out bacteria
C) salvages the calcium from old or damaged red blood cells
D) all of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

If you have had the measles,you cannot get them again.This is an example of

A) natural active immunity
B) natural passive immunity
C) artificial active immunity
D) artificial passive immunity

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The name of the lymphatic vessels in the walls of the small intestine is

A) lacteals
B) cisterna chili
C) villi
D) none of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Lymph nodes

A) have one afferent vessel
B) have several efferent vessels
C) contain phagocytic cells
D) all of the above

Question 5

The inflammation response is part of

A) humoral immunity
B) cell-mediated immunity
C) specific immunity
D) nonspecific immunity

Question 6

The cisterna chyli

A) is part of the right lymphatic duct
B) is part of the thoracic duct
C) is a special name given to lymph capillaries in the walls of the small intestine
D) are the lymph vessels inside the spleen

Question 7

Which of the following is not a common characteristic shared by blood and lymph vessels?

A) Some contain one-way valves.
B) They contain continually circulating fluid.
C) They have a layer of simple squamous epithelium.
D) All of the above are characteristics shared by blood and lymph vessels.

Question 8

Lymph can

A) carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes
B) be a possible route for the spread of cancer
C) carry bacteria to lymph nodes
D) all of the above

Question 9

Swelling,one sign of inflammation,is caused by

A) increased blood flow to the inflamed area
B) increased vessel permeability
C) increased white blood cell concentration
D) all of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is not a common characteristic shared by blood and lymph capillaries?

A) They are microscopic.
B) They have a layer of endothelium.
C) They have tight-fitting cells in the endothelial layer.
D) All of the above characteristics are shared by blood and lymph capillaries.

Question 11

A person exposed to hepatitis is given a shot of gamma globulin (an antibody against hepatitis)to keep him from coming down with the disease.This is an example of

A) natural active immunity
B) natural passive immunity
C) artificial active immunity
D) artificial passive immunity

Question 12

The thymus

A) helps T lymphocytes mature
B) continues to grow throughout life, peaking in size in late middle age
C) is the largest of the lymphatic structures
D) all of the above

Question 13

Which tonsils are located on either side of the throat?

A) Pharyngeal tonsils
B) Palatine tonsils
C) Adenoids
D) Both a and c above

Question 14

The thoracic duct

A) drains the right upper part of the body
B) drains about one fourth of the body's lymph
C) is the largest lymph vessel in the body
D) all of the above

Question 15

Heat,one sign of inflammation,is caused by

A) increased blood flow to the inflamed area
B) increased vessel permeability
C) increased white blood cell concentration
D) all of the above

Question 16

The immunity that is passed from mother to fetus is an example of

A) natural active immunity
B) natural passive immunity
C) artificial active immunity
D) artificial passive immunity

Question 17

Which tonsils are located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity?

A) Pharyngeal tonsils
B) Palatine tonsils
C) Adenoids
D) Both a and c above

Question 18

Receiving a flu shot to help protect you from getting the flu would be an example of

A) natural active immunity
B) natural passive immunity
C) artificial active immunity
D) artificial passive immunity

Question 19

Which of the following structures is not part of the lymphatic system?

A) Thyroid
B) Thymus
C) Spleen
D) All of the above structures are part of the lymphatic system

Question 20

Lymph is formed by

A) the kidney releasing fluid into the tissue space
B) plasma leaving the capillary
C) pressure on the blood caused by the pumping action of the heart
D) both b and c above

Question 21

An important function of lymph nodes is

A) defense
B) formation of platelets
C) formation of white blood cells
D) both a and c above

Question 22

T cells

A) spend time developing in the thymus
B) are responsible for cell-mediated immunity
C) respond to antigens by releasing antibodies
D) both a and b above

Question 23

T cells

A) are important in long-term immunity because they form memory cells
B) can release as many as 2000 antibodies a second
C) can release poisons that can directly kill cells
D) form plasma cells when activated

Question 24

Antigens

A) are produced by T lymphocytes
B) are produced by B lymphocytes
C) can combine with antibodies
D) both b and c above

Question 25

Complement helps kill harmful cells by

A) "drilling" a hole in the cell membrane
B) causing sodium to rapidly leak out of the cell
C) causing water to rapidly leak out of the cell
D) all of the above

Question 26

What type of fluid is called lymph when it enters a lymph vessel?

A) Serum
B) Interstitial fluid
C) Serous fluid
D) Blood plasma

Question 27

Long-term immunity occurs when

A) T cells form plasma cells
B) neutrophils form plasma cells
C) macrophages form plasma cells
D) B cells form memory cells

Question 28

Which of the following is not true of the thymus gland?

A) Most of the thymus gland is found in the neck.
B) It produces hormones called thymosins.
C) It is the source and maturation site for T cells.
D) It goes through the process of involution in later life.

Question 29

Antigens cause immature B cells to

A) become T cells
B) become macrophages
C) become plasma cells
D) activate complement

Question 30

Complement

A) consists of a group of protein molecules
B) is activated by antibodies
C) is usually found in an inactive form in the blood
D) all of the above

Question 31

The main function of lacteals is

A) to return protein to the blood
B) to transport fats to the bloodstream
C) to move lymph to the right lymphatic duct
D) all of the above are functions of the lacteals

Question 32

Which of the following is not part of the body's nonspecific immunity?

A) Antibodies
B) The skin
C) Tears
D) Phagocytosis

Question 33

An antigen can be a

A) toxin
B) protein on a cancer cell membrane
C) protein on a bacterial cell membrane
D) all of the above

Question 34

Compliment-binding sites are located on

A) antigens
B) antibodies
C) B cells
D) T cells

Question 35

B cells

A) spend time developing in the thymus
B) have specific antibodies in their cell membranes
C) are responsible for cell-mediated immunity
D) both a and c above

Question 36

Which of the following is not a function of the spleen?

A) It salvages iron from hemoglobin.
B) It acts as a reservoir for blood.
C) It is a site for the maturation of B cells.
D) It destroys worn out red blood cells.

Question 37

Which of the following cells is not a phagocyte?

A) Neutrophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Macrophages
D) All of the above

Question 38

These cells develop into macrophages once in the tissue.

A) Monocytes
B) Dendritic cells
C) Neutrophil
D) Memory cell

Question 39

Lymphocytes can be found in

A) lymph nodes
B) the thymus
C) the liver
D) all of the above

Question 40

When an antigen and a complement protein combine

A) the complement inactivates the antigen
B) it helps kill cells on whose surface complement-binding takes place
C) the complement cascade is initiated
D) both b and c above

Question 41

Much of the interstitial fluid that is pushed out of the blood vessels returns to the blood vessels.

Question 42

Unlike blood vessels,lymph vessels have one-way valves to ensure the lymph moves in only one direction.

Question 43

Lymph nodes

A) always have more efferent vessels than afferent vessels
B) always have more afferent vessels than efferent vessels
C) usually have the same number of afferent and efferent vessels
D) have various ratios of afferent and efferent vessels depending on their location

Question 44

Lymph from about one fourth of the body drains into the thoracic duct.

Question 45

This is not true of specific immunity

A) reacts faster than nonspecific immunity
B) has a memory ability
C) produces a stronger response than nonspecific immunity
D) all of the above are true of specific immunity

Question 46

The spleen has a very rich blood supply and may contain

A) 5 L of blood
B) 1 L of blood
C) 500 mL of blood
D) 100 mL of blood

Question 47

Both the lymph capillaries and blood capillaries have a layer of endothelium.

Question 48

Antibodies are important in what type of immune response?

A) Humoral immunity
B) Cell-mediated immunity
C) Innate immunity
D) The inflammation response

Question 49

Lymph flowing through the lymphatic capillaries moves into larger vessels called

A) lymphatic venules
B) lymphatic arterioles
C) lymphatic arteries
D) both b and c

Question 50

Both the lymph capillaries and blood capillaries have a layer of tightly fitting squamous epithelium.

Question 51

The largest lymphoid organ in the body is the

A) spleen
B) palatine tonsils
C) thymus
D) cisterna chyli

Question 52

Lymph nodes can be

A) single cells
B) the size of a pinhead
C) the size of a lima bean
D) both b and c above

Question 53

Tonsils at the base of the tongue are called

A) palatine tonsils
B) adenoids
C) lingual tonsils
D) pharyngeal tonsils

Question 54

Nonspecific immunity is often called

A) the inflammatory response
B) in-bone immunity
C) innate immunity
D) T-cell-mediated immunity

Question 55

Lymph from about one fourth of the body drains into the right lymphatic duct.

Question 56

The function of the immune system is to protect the body from

A) disease-causing bacteria
B) transplanted foreign tissue
C) body cells that have become malignant or cancerous
D) all of the above

Question 57

Which of the following are called adenoids when they become swollen?

A) Palatine tonsils
B) Lingual tonsils
C) Pharyngeal tonsils
D) Lymph nodes of the neck

Question 58

Which of the following is not a role of complement in the immune system?

A) Increasing the permeability of blood vessels
B) Attracting immune cells to the site of infection
C) Marking foreign cells for destruction
D) All of the above are roles of complement in the immune system

Question 59

When T cells leave the thymus they can go to

A) the spleen
B) the tonsils
C) lymph nodes
D) all of the above

Question 60

This cell is not considered an antigen-presenting cell

A) dendritic cells
B) neutrophils
C) macrophages
D) all of the above are antigen-presenting cells

Question 61

Lymph nodes typically have a single afferent vessel.

Question 62

Afferent vessels carry lymph toward the lymph node.

Question 63

The tonsils located on either side of the throat are called the lingual tonsils.

Question 64

While the lymphatic system is part of the immune system,because lymph does not circulate,it is not part of the circulatory system.

Question 65

The thymus reaches its largest functional size in mid-adulthood.

Question 66

Lymph typically has several efferent vessels.

Question 67

Nonspecific immunity usually is slower to respond than is specific immunity.

Question 68

The immunity a nursing infant receives from her mother's milk is an example of natural active immunity.

Question 69

Tears contribute to nonspecific immunity.

Question 70

Efferent vessels carry lymph away from the lymph node.

Question 71

Lymph nodes are capable of filtering bacteria from the lymph.

Question 72

The swelling and pain of the inflammatory response are caused by an increase in vascular permeability.

Question 73

The pharyngeal tonsils are also known as the adenoids.

Question 74

Lymph nodes can trap cancer cells that have been carried away from the primary cancer site.

Question 75

The lymphatic system may be the route that some cancers use to spread to other parts of the body.

Question 76

The cisterna chyli is part of the right lymphatic duct that serves as a storage area for lymph.

Question 77

The tonsils located near the base of the tongue are called the palatine tonsils.

Question 78

T lymphocytes mature in the thymus.

Question 79

If you have had the mumps once,you cannot get them again.This is an example of natural active immunity.

Question 80

The heat and redness of the inflammatory response are caused by an increase in vascular permeability.