Deck 22: Growth and Development

Question 1

Stage 3 of labor ends with the

A) delivery of the baby
B) dilation of the cervix
C) rupture of the amniotic sac
D) expulsion of the placenta from the uterus

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The fertilized egg is called

A) a zygote
B) an ovum
C) a morula
D) a blastocyst

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The full closure of bone growth plates occurs during

A) late childhood
B) early adolescence
C) late adolescence
D) early adulthood

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The development of tissues is called

A) organogenesis
B) histogenesis
C) oogenesis
D) speciation

Question 5

The placenta functions as a

A) respiratory organ
B) excretory organ
C) endocrine organ
D) all of the above

Question 6

As the urinary system ages

A) the number of nephrons decreases
B) the blood flow to the kidney is reduced
C) the muscles of the bladder begin to atrophy
D) all of the above

Question 7

The kidney ducts,bladder,thyroid gland,and tonsils all develop from the primary germ layer called the

A) ectoderm
B) mesoderm
C) endoderm
D) none of the above

Question 8

Infancy

A) begins at birth
B) ends at about 18 months
C) includes the neonatal period
D) all of the above

Question 9

By the time the fertilized egg reaches the uterus,it is a hollow ball of cells called a

A) zygote
B) morula
C) blastocyst
D) fetus

Question 10

Calcification or "hardening" of the arteries is called

A) atherosclerosis
B) arteriosclerosis
C) myocardial infarction
D) hypertension

Question 11

After about 3 days,the fertilized egg becomes a mass of cells called a

A) zygote
B) morula
C) blastocyst
D) fetus

Question 12

The brain,spinal cord,and lens and cornea of the eye develop from the primary germ layer called the

A) ectoderm
B) mesoderm
C) endoderm
D) none of the above

Question 13

The condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy is called

A) a cataract
B) presbyopia
C) glaucoma
D) pink eye

Question 14

As the respiratory system ages

A) the costal cartilages harden
B) a condition called "barrel chest" develops
C) the strength of inspiratory and expiratory muscles decreases
D) all of the above

Question 15

An increase in the pressure inside the eyeball is called

A) a cataract
B) presbyopia
C) glaucoma
D) hypertension

Question 16

Fertilization usually occurs in the

A) ovary
B) uterus
C) oviduct
D) vagina

Question 17

The circulatory system,gonads,and muscles develop from the primary germ layer called the

A) ectoderm
B) mesoderm
C) endoderm
D) none of the above

Question 18

The structure that anchors the developing fetus and acts as a bridge between mother and baby is the

A) yolk sac
B) amnion
C) uterus
D) placenta

Question 19

The baby's first breath is stimulated primarily by

A) the lack of oxygen in the blood
B) the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood
C) exposure to the "cold" temperatures outside the uterus
D) the rigors of the birth process

Question 20

Lipping

A) is a skin condition caused by aging
B) is a degenerative joint disease
C) is when bones develop indistinct and shaggy-appearing margins
D) none of the above

Question 21

The function of the yolk sac in humans is the following.

A) It supplies food to the morula and blastocyst until it reaches the uterus.
B) It helps in the production of blood cells.
C) It assists in attracting sperm cells to the ovum.
D) It has no function in humans but is an evolutionary remnant.

Question 22

The term fetus is used

A) after the first 8 weeks of pregnancy
B) after the blastocyst has implanted in the uterine wall
C) during the entire pregnancy
D) from fertilization to the end of the eighth week of pregnancy

Question 23

The blastocyst,which is a hollow ball of cells,is formed by the time the fertilized egg reaches the uterus.

Question 24

The fertilized egg is called a morula.

Question 25

The amnion is the bridge between the mother and baby wherein food and oxygen are exchanged for carbon dioxide and waste products.

Question 26

If a birth defect were said to be caused by a teratogen,it was caused by

A) an abnormal gene
B) an environmental factor
C) an unusual number of chromosomes
D) both a and c above

Question 27

Which of the following developmental periods is the shortest?

A) Embryo stage
B) Fetus stage
C) Neonatal stage
D) Infancy stage

Question 28

The correct sequence of development is zygote,blastocyst,and morula.

Question 29

Which of the following developmental periods is the longest?

A) Embryo stage
B) Fetus stage
C) Neonatal stage
D) Infancy stage

Question 30

The primary job of the amniotic cavity during pregnancy is

A) protection
B) anchoring the fetus to the uterus
C) providing a bridge for the exchange of materials between mother and fetus
D) production of blood cells for the developing fetus

Question 31

Fertilization most often occurs in the outer one third of the oviduct.

Question 32

The energy needed for the early development of the zygote is supplied by the ovum that was fertilized.

Question 33

In humans,one function of the yolk sac is to assist in the production of blood cells.

Question 34

The longest stage of labor is usually

A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) stage 4

Question 35

The term embryo is used

A) after the first 8 weeks of pregnancy
B) after the blastocyst has implanted in the uterine wall
C) during the entire pregnancy
D) from fertilization to the end of the eighth week of pregnancy

Question 36

The prenatal period begins at

A) birth and continues until death
B) conception and continues until death
C) conception and ends at birth
D) birth and ends during the older adulthood stage

Question 37

The new individual becomes genetically complete during the blastocyst stage.

Question 38

The yolk sac is an important food supply for the growing fetus.

Question 39

Which of the following is not true as we move from infancy to adulthood?

A) The legs become proportionately longer.
B) The trunk becomes proportionately shorter.
C) The head becomes proportionately larger.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 40

The science of the development of an individual before birth is called neonatology.

Question 41

Stage 1 of labor is the period from onset of uterine contractions until dilation of the cervix is complete.

Question 42

Substances such as alcohol and the German measles virus can pass through the placental barrier and cause injury or developmental defects in the fetus.

Question 43

Tooth enamel and the dermis of the skin develop from the same primary germ layer.

Question 44

For the first 8 weeks,the developing fertilized egg is called a zygote.

Question 45

The lining of the lungs and the lining of the gastrointestinal tract develop from the mesoderm.

Question 46

By the eighth week of gestation,all organ systems are complete and in place.

Question 47

The dermis of the skin and the circulatory system develop from the mesoderm.

Question 48

The circulatory system and the muscles develop from the same primary germ layer.

Question 49

The normal gestation period for a human baby is about 280 days.

Question 50

The placenta serves as a structural anchor for the baby,and it also serves as an endocrine organ.

Question 51

The brain and spinal cord develop from the ectoderm.

Question 52

By about day 35 of gestation,the heart is beating.

Question 53

Parturition is another term for fertilization.

Question 54

The rupture of the amniotic membrane and the loss of amniotic fluid occur during the second stage of labor.

Question 55

The thymus gland and the thyroid gland develop from the same primary germ layer.

Question 56

From week 9 to week 39,the developing baby is called a fetus.

Question 57

Histogenesis is the development of different types of tissues.

Question 58

Organogenesis must precede histogenesis.

Question 59

For the first 8 weeks,the developing fertilized egg is called a fetus.

Question 60

The final stage of labor ends when the baby exits through the vagina.

Question 61

The process of the expulsion of the placenta through the vagina ends labor.

Question 62

Atherosclerosis is sometimes called hardening of the arteries.

Question 63

Fatty deposits that build up in the blood vessels can develop into a condition called atherosclerosis.

Question 64

Glasses can successfully treat glaucoma.

Question 65

Childhood extends from infancy to sexual maturity.

Question 66

Both the deciduous teeth and the permanent teeth develop during childhood,deciduous at the beginning of childhood and the permanent teeth at the end.

Question 67

Arteriosclerosis is sometimes called hardening of the arteries.

Question 68

The neonatal period is considered to be the first 12 weeks of life.

Question 69

The baby's first breath is stimulated primarily by an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 70

Hypertension is another term for high blood pressure.

Question 71

A cataract is caused by pressure building up inside the eyeball.

Question 72

When a baby is born,it has only one spinal curve,adults have two.

Question 73

The proportion of the face to the skull is greater in an infant than in an adult.

Question 74

Many of the changes that occur during adolescence are controlled by the secretion of sex hormones.

Question 75

About 25% of the nephrons of the kidney stop functioning between the ages of 30 and 75.

Question 76

Osteoporosis is a degenerative joint disease of old age.

Question 77

The baby's first breath is stimulated primarily by the lack of oxygen in the blood.

Question 78

Stage 1 of labor can last several times longer than either stage 2 or stage 3.

Question 79

The clouding of the lens of the eye is called a cataract.

Question 80

The proportion of the head to the rest of the body is greater in an infant than in an adult.