Deck 3: B: Anatomy of Cells

Question 1

The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) Mitochondrion
C) Endoplasmic reticulum
D) Ribosome

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called:

A) cilia.
B) flagella.
C) microvilli.
D) microtubules.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called:

A) mitochondria.
B) caveola.
C) cisternae.
D) vesicles.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion)of foreign material is the:

A) lysosome.
B) Golgi apparatus.
C) ribosome.
D) centriole.

Question 5

The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as:

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) plasma membrane.
C) cytoplasm.
D) centrosome.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane?

A) Self-identification
B) Receptor site for messages
C) Selective barrier
D) Control center of the cell

Question 7

The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called:

A) cilia.
B) flagella.
C) microvilli.
D) desmosomes.

Question 8

Which organelle consists of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus?

A) Mitochondria
B) Cilia
C) Peroxisomes
D) Lysosomes

Question 9

Which is the organelle that allows for the recycling of amino acids in the cell?

A) Peroxisomes
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Lysosomes

Question 10

The fundamental unit of life is the:

A) atom.
B) cell.
C) gene.
D) DNA molecule.

Question 11

Skin cells (epithelial)are held tightly together by:

A) gap junctions.
B) desmosomes.
C) tight junctions.
D) adhesions.

Question 12

Main cell structures include all of the following except:

A) organelles.
B) plasma membrane.
C) interstitial fluid.
D) cytoplasm.

Question 13

A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the:

A) flagellum.
B) cilium.
C) microvillus.
D) microtubule.

Question 14

Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted?

A) Nucleolus
B) Ribosome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Golgi apparatus

Question 15

DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle?

A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Chromosome
D) Nucleus

Question 16

Granules or threads within the nucleus are called:

A) microfilaments.
B) chromatin.
C) nucleotides.
D) microtubules.

Question 17

An area of cytoplasm that coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules is called:

A) cytoplasm A.
B) mitochondria.
C) centrosome.
D) ribosomes.

Question 18

The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center.

A) centrosome
B) cytoskeleton
C) centriole
D) ribosome

Question 19

Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells?

A) Gland cells
B) Immune cells
C) Nerve cells
D) Red blood cells

Question 20

The major function of ribosomes is to synthesize:

A) proteins.
B) carbohydrates.
C) fats.
D) cholesterol.

Question 21

The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the:

A) cholesterol molecules.
B) phospholipid molecules.
C) glycoprotein molecules.
D) channel proteins.

Question 22

The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the:

A) receptor proteins.
B) glycoproteins.
C) rafts in the cell membrane.
D) phospholipids bilayer.

Question 23

The nucleolus is composed chiefly of:

A) mRNA.
B) rRNA.
C) tRNA.
D) DNA.

Question 24

In the cell membrane,the hydrophobic part of the phospholipid molecule:

A) faces the exterior of the cell.
B) faces the interior of the cell.
C) is in the center of the phospholipid bilayer.
D) is both A and B.

Question 25

ATP production occurs within which organelle?

A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Flagellum
D) Mitochondrion

Question 26

The largest human cell,measuring about 150 µm,is a:

A) white blood cell.
B) female sex cell or ovum.
C) liver cell.
D) male sex cell or sperm.

Question 27

Which of the following organelles is considered a membranous organelle?

A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Nucleolus
D) Both A and B

Question 28

A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read:

A) microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments.
B) microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments.
C) microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules.
D) microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments.

Question 29

The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called:

A) microvilli.
B) flagella.
C) cilia.
D) All cell extensions contain microfilaments.

Question 30

Which of the following statements does not describe the nucleolus?

A) It is found in the nucleus.
B) It has a membrane similar to the nucleus.
C) It is made of nucleic acids.
D) All of the above are true about the nucleolus.

Question 31

Each of the following is an example of the plasma membrane function except:

A) boundary.
B) self-identification.
C) receptor sites.
D) production of proteins.

Question 32

Which of the following is a functional characteristic of ribosomes?

A) Manufacture of mRNA
B) Protein synthesis
C) DNA replication
D) Housing of DNA

Question 33

In nondividing cells,DNA appears as threads that are referred to as:

A) chromatin.
B) chromosomes.
C) histones.
D) none of the above.

Question 34

The membranous structure containing substances that protect the cell from harm are:

A) ribosomes.
B) lysosomes.
C) peroxisomes.
D) both B and C.

Question 35

In the cell membrane,the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule:

A) faces the exterior of the cell.
B) faces the interior of the cell.
C) is in the center of the phospholipid bilayer.
D) is both A and B.

Question 36

The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily?

A) Cholesterol
B) Protein
C) Phospholipids
D) Glycoproteins

Question 37

Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) Ribosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Both A and B

Question 38

Which organelle consists of separate tiny sacs called cisternae?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) Mitochondria

Question 39

Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A) Provides a site for ribosome attachment
B) Supplies membrane for use throughout the cell
C) Makes steroid hormones
D) Makes glycoproteins

Question 40

Which of the following is not true about ribosomes?

A) Contains protein
B) Composed of a large unit and a small unit
C) Surrounded by a membrane structure
D) Contains RNA

Question 41

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
vesicles or sacs in the cell that can destroy large molecules or even the cell itself

Question 42

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
tubular network in the cell with no ribosomes that synthesize lipids and carbohydrates

Question 43

Which cell extension lacks a central pair of microtubules,is not found in blood cells,and functions in the kidney to monitor urine flow?

A) Microvilli
B) Primary cilium
C) Cilia
D) Flagella

Question 44

Which fiber is the smallest of the cell fibers?

A) Centrosome
B) Microfilament
C) Microtubule
D) Intermediate filament

Question 45

Which of the following is not a function of the integral membrane proteins?

A) Acting as receptors
B) Signal transduction
C) Identification of "self"
D) All of the above are functions of the integral membrane proteins.

Question 46

Which type of cell connection joins heart muscle cells?

A) Tight junctions
B) Desmosomes
C) Macrofilaments
D) Gap junctions

Question 47

Which of the following structures contains DNA?

A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosome
D) Both A and B

Question 48

Which of the following does not describe a structure or function of the proteasome?

A) Digests proteins down to individual amino acids so they can be recycled by the cell
B) Looks like a hollow cylindrical drum made of protein subunits
C) Requires the small protein called ubiquitin to pull proteins in
D) All of the above are structures or functions of proteasomes.

Question 49

Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function?

A) Energy production
B) Protein synthesis
C) Cell division
D) Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates

Question 50

Which type of cell connection acts like "spot welds" to hold cells together?

A) Tight junctions
B) Desmosomes
C) Macrofilaments
D) Gap junctions

Question 51

Which cell fiber is made of twisted strands of protein?

A) Centrosomes
B) Microfilament
C) Microtubule
D) Intermediate filament

Question 52

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
major source of ATP synthesis; the "power house" of the cell

Question 53

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
protein factory made up of two subunits

Question 54

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
outer boundary of the cell made up of phospholipids and proteins

Question 55

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
structure in the cell nucleus that makes ribosomes

Question 56

The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the:

A) mitochondria.
B) proteasomes.
C) peroxisomes.
D) lysosomes.

Question 57

Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A) It makes lipids and carbohydrates.
B) It is made of broad flattened sacs.
C) It has many ribosomes attached to it.
D) All of the above are true of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 58

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
functions in processing and packaging of protein molecules to be exported from the cell

Question 59

Which cell fiber is called the engine of the cell?

A) Centrosome
B) Microfilament
C) Microtubule
D) Intermediate filament

Question 60

Which structures in the cell membrane are a stiff grouping of membrane molecules that are rich in cholesterol?

A) Glycoproteins
B) Rafts
C) Phospholipids
D) Receptor proteins

Question 61

Explain what structure on the cell membrane makes it difficult to transplant an organ from one person into another.

Question 62

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
structures that destroy improperly folded protein molecules that could possibly harm the cell

Question 63

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell extensions that are shorter than flagella and are found lining the respiratory tract

Question 64

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell extension that is found on the sperm cell

Question 65

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell fibers that are slightly thicker than microfilaments

Question 66

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell fiber that can be found in muscle cells

Question 67

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
vesicles that contain catalase that are important in metabolic reactions involving hydrogen peroxide

Question 68

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
one of the largest structures in the cell; contains DNA

Question 69

Explain the functions of the cell membrane.

Question 70

Name and give the functions of the membranous organelles of the cell.

Question 71

Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function.
a.Plasma membrane
b.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.Golgi apparatus
d.Nucleolus
e.Nucleus
f.Ribosome
g.Lysosome
h.Mitochondria
i.Peroxisomes
j.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
K.Proteasomes
broad flattened sacs that extend from the nucleus and have ribosomes attached to them

Question 72

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell connections that are like small "spot welds"

Question 73

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
tiny cylinders that can be found near the boundaries of the centrosomes

Question 74

Describe the structure of the cell membrane and explain what is meant by the fluid mosaic model.

Question 75

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
largest of the cell fibers; act like "engines" for the cell

Question 76

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell connections that form tunnels between cells and are found in heart muscles

Question 77

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
microtubule organizing centers that also play a role in cell division

Question 78

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell connection that forms a "collar" around groups of cells

Question 79

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell extension that lacks the center pair of microtubules and can function as sensory organelles; not found in blood cells,but most other cells have them

Question 80

Match each term to the phrase that describes it best.
a.Microtubules
b.Intermediate filaments
c.Microfilaments
d.Centrosomes
e.Cilia
f.Flagella
g.Microvilli
h.Desmosomes
i.Tight junctions
j.Gap junctions
K.Primary cilium
L.Centrioles
cell extension that increases surface area for more efficient absorption