Deck 7: A: Skin and Its Appendages

Question 1

Sensory receptors are found in the epidermis.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The basic ingredient in the skin that determines skin color is melanin.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Goose pimples,elevation of the testes,and erection of the nipples result from the contraction of muscles in the dermis.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Keratin is an important skin pigment that protects against ultraviolet light.

Question 5

Normally about 10% to 12% of all cells in the stratum basale enter mitosis each day.

Question 6

During the life of an individual,epidermal tissue is constantly being replaced.

Question 7

Prolonged exposure to the sun causes decreased melanin production.

Question 8

Melanocytes account for approximately 55% of the epidermal cells.

Question 9

Darkening of the skin may be caused by a decrease in the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Question 10

The epidermis is referred to as the true skin.

Question 11

Both the epidermis and the dermis continually undergo shedding and regeneration.

Question 12

Malignant melanoma has been steadily increasing in the United States for the past 20 years.

Question 13

A primary function of the dermal-epidermal junction is to "glue" together the dermis and the epidermis.

Question 14

An increase in the enzyme tyrosinase will lead to the destruction of pigment and result in albinism.

Question 15

Turnover time for epidermal tissue can be accelerated by injury.

Question 16

One of the important functions of the skin is the synthesis of vitamin D.

Question 17

Vitiligo is an acquired condition that results in loss of pigment in certain areas of the skin.

Question 18

The subcutaneous layer is also referred to as the superficial fascia.

Question 19

The hypodermis is a subcutaneous layer rich in adipose and loose fibrous connective tissue.

Question 20

The dermis contains both voluntary and involuntary muscle fibers.

Question 21

The normal body temperature set point is 37° C.

Question 22

Lanugo is the technical term used for adult body hair.

Question 23

Skin thermal receptors provide important information to the heat-regulating centers in the brain,resulting in autonomic regulation of body temperature.

Question 24

Besides changing the rates of metabolism,the primary means of controlling body temperature is through changes in the size of blood vessels in the skin.

Question 25

A person who is shivering would normally have dilated surface blood vessels in the skin.

Question 26

Blisters,severe pain,generalized swelling,and edema are characteristic of third-degree burns.

Question 27

Shivering is a good example of the body's attempt to produce more heat.

Question 28

Heat loss by the skin is controlled by a positive feedback loop.

Question 29

One way to stimulate hair growth is to cut it or shave it.

Question 30

The gland that produces the waxy secretion in the external ear canal is a sebaceous gland.

Question 31

Terminal hair is the coarse pubic and axillary hair that develops at puberty.

Question 32

There is a more than fivefold increase in the rate of sebum secretion between 10 and 19 years of age.

Question 33

Heat loss by the skin is controlled by a negative feedback loop.

Question 34

When heat must be conserved to maintain a constant body temperature,the dermal blood vessels increase their diameter.

Question 35

A person with a body temperature of 38° C would need to be treated for hypothermia.

Question 36

Growth of nails is the result of mitosis in the stratum basale.

Question 37

An increase in sebum secretion in children may lead to increased susceptibility to ringworm.

Question 38

One of the factors associated with the common type of baldness is the presence of testosterone.

Question 39

The body's temperature control center is located in the hypothalamus.

Question 40

Apocrine sweat glands are the most numerous and widespread sweat glands in the body.

Question 41

A large amount of fat can be stored in the hypodermis.

Question 42

The stratum lucidum and stratum basale are sometimes referred to as the stratum germinativum.

Question 43

Integumentary system and skin are interchangeable terms.

Question 44

The rule of palms and the rule of tens are two methods used in estimating the extent of body surface area burned.

Question 45

The cells at the surface of the skin are dead.

Question 46

Hair is usually not found on thick skin.

Question 47

Light-skinned people have fewer melanocytes in their skin than do dark-skinned people.

Question 48

Surgical incisions that are made perpendicular to cleavage lines tend to heal with less of a scar.

Question 49

An abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum is called hyperkeratosis.

Question 50

The reticular layer of the dermis serves as an attachment point for both smooth and skeletal muscles.

Question 51

The average turnover time for skin cells to go from the stratum basale to the surface of the epidermis is about 35 days.

Question 52

Third-degree burns are less severe than first-degree burns and therefore are not as painful.

Question 53

Integument and integumentary system are interchangeable terms.

Question 54

The thickest part of the skin is slightly more than 3 cm thick.

Question 55

Continual abrasion to the skin surface tends to lengthen the turnover time of the skin.

Question 56

Blisters can be the result of damage to the desmosomes in a layer of skin.

Question 57

Thick skin and thin skin refer to the dermis and the epidermis.

Question 58

The papillary layer of the dermis lies just below the dermal-epidermal junction.

Question 59

A group of active basal cells,together with its vertical column of migrating keratinocytes,is called a dermal proliferating unit,or DPU.

Question 60

In thin skin,some of the strata of the skin may be absent.

Question 61

The protective function of the skin is limited to the protection of the underlying tissue from abrasion and mechanical injury.

Question 62

The ability of melanocytes to darken the skin is dependent on the functioning of the enzyme tyrosinase.

Question 63

Lanugo is usually found on a fetus or newborn.

Question 64

Because vitamin D is a compound that influences several important chemical reactions,it can also be classified as an enzyme.

Question 65

In using the rule of nines to determine the area of the body involved,the body is divided into 9 areas of 11% each.

Question 66

Although the ducts of the eccrine sweat glands come through the epidermis,the actual secretory portion is located in the dermis.

Question 67

The cells of the germinal matrix are responsible for forming hair.

Question 68

Sweat that drips off you does very little to cool your body.

Question 69

Convection is responsible for most of the heat loss of the body.

Question 70

Radiation can account for both heat loss and heat gain.

Question 71

Heat production occurs in two ways: metabolism of food and absorption of heat from the environment.

Question 72

In a cool environment,conduction accounts for most of the heat loss of the body.

Question 73

Fingernails are composed of heavily keratinized epidermal cells.

Question 74

Because sweat can contain ammonia,urea,and other waste products,it plays a major role in the excretion of body wastes.

Question 75

The shedding of epithelial elements from the skin surface is called desquamation.

Question 76

Eccrine glands are the more numerous of the sweat glands.

Question 77

The surface film that aids in the protective function of the skin is remarkably consistent from one part of the skin to another.

Question 78

Apocrine and eccrine glands are the two types of sebaceous glands.

Question 79

The skin has the ability to convert cholecalciferol to vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight.

Question 80

The hair itself is composed of three layers: the shaft,the cortex,and the cuticle.