Deck 14: A: Central Nervous System

Question 1

Peripheral motor neuron cell bodies are located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerves.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Meningitis refers to inflammation of the brain.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The vomiting reflex is mediated by the cerebellum.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The meninges are protective coverings,continuous around the brain and spinal cord.

Question 5

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in the subarachnoid space of the meninges.

Question 6

Basal ganglia are islands of gray matter deep in the cerebellum.

Question 7

Dural sinuses function as reservoirs for cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 8

The thalamus acts as a relay station for ascending sensory impulses.

Question 9

Funiculi consist of tracts divided into smaller bundles called nerve fibers.

Question 10

For voluntary skeletal muscle activity,impulses originate in the cerebrum but coordination of the activity is a function of the cerebellum.

Question 11

The central nervous system includes all of the nervous system except the peripheral nervous system.

Question 12

The central sulcus divides the cerebrum into two hemispheres.

Question 13

The secondary motor area is found in the gyrus just posterior to the primary motor area.

Question 14

The spinal cord completely fills the spinal cavity in the vertebrae.

Question 15

One of the major functions of the thalamus is its influence on the activity of the endocrine system.

Question 16

The central nervous system includes the brain,spinal cord,and autonomic nerves.

Question 17

Besides providing protection,the cerebrospinal fluid can influence the respiratory center.

Question 18

Spinal reflex centers are located in the gray matter of the spinal cord.

Question 19

The epidural space contains a layer of fat and other connective tissue.

Question 20

A physician can use lumbar puncture to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spinal cord.

Question 21

There are about 23 ml of cerebrospinal fluid in the nervous system.

Question 22

Barbiturates and amphetamines are two drugs that can arouse the cerebral cortex.

Question 23

Under normal brain functioning,activation of the reticular formation produces consciousness.

Question 24

Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs mainly in the choroid plexus.

Question 25

The fourth ventricle in the brain is an expansion of the central canal of the spinal cord.

Question 26

The limbic system of the brain primarily functions in the production of speech.

Question 27

The secondary motor area activates groups of muscles rather than individual muscles.

Question 28

The shallow grooves of the cerebrum are called sulci.

Question 29

A primary function of the reticular formation is to arouse or alert the cerebral cortex.

Question 30

Ascending tracts carry only sensory information,whereas descending pathways carry only motor information.

Question 31

Extrapyramidal tracts can function either to inhibit or to facilitate lower motor neurons.

Question 32

The medial lemniscal system involves crude touch sensations,whereas the spinothalamic pathway involves more discriminating touch and pressure sensations.

Question 33

The primary motor area,located in the precentral gyrus,is thought to activate individual muscles in the hands and feet.

Question 34

Pyramidal tracts are motor pathways that form pyramids in the medulla.

Question 35

Extrapyramidal pathways are more often associated with emotional expressions than are pyramidal pathways.

Question 36

Cerebrospinal fluid is not found in the epidural space.

Question 37

The parieto-occipital fissure divides the cerebrum into two hemispheres.

Question 38

Repetition of nerve impulses on the same neuron circuitry produces memory.

Question 39

Pyramidal pathways are more often associated with smiles and frowns than are the extrapyramidal pathways.

Question 40

To describe sensory pathways as "crossed" refers to the fact that each side of the brain registers sensations from the opposite side of the body.

Question 41

The dura mater is the periosteum of the cranial bones,and the pia mater attaches the brain tissue.

Question 42

The deepest border of the subdural space is the arachnoid membrane.

Question 43

The vomiting reflex is mediated by the medulla.

Question 44

Both the dorsal and ventral root ganglia in the spinal nerves contain cell bodies.

Question 45

The four large,fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called ventricles.

Question 46

The tentorium cerebelli is a sickle-shaped extension of the dura that separates the two hemispheres of the cerebellum.

Question 47

The dorsal root ganglion consists of cell bodies of unipolar sensory neurons.

Question 48

The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum to the fifth lumbar vertebra.

Question 49

The islands of gray matter inside the hemispheres of the cerebrum are known as the cerebral cortex.

Question 50

The most superficial border of the subarachnoid space is the dura mater.

Question 51

All spinal nerves are mixed nerves.

Question 52

Cerebrospinal fluid is absorbed into the venous blood via the choroid plexus.

Question 53

Functions of the brainstem include language,memory,and emotions.

Question 54

The lateral ventricles are located within the cerebellum.

Question 55

The cerebrum is the second largest portion of the brain.

Question 56

Poliomyelitis results in flaccid paralysis via destruction of posterior horn neurons.

Question 57

Disruption of cerebrospinal fluid circulation that causes the fluid to accumulate in the epidural space is known as hydrocephalus.

Question 58

Cerebrospinal fluid is not found in the subarachnoid space.

Question 59

The shallow grooves of the cerebrum are called gyri.

Question 60

The filum terminale is the name given to the dura mater below the spinal cord.

Question 61

"Jet lag" occurs when the biological clock does not match up with the external clock.It is the job of the pineal body to correct this.

Question 62

The infundibulum connects the hypothalamus and the pineal body.

Question 63

All of the functions of the cerebellum have to do with control of smooth muscle or glands.

Question 64

Most axons release neurotransmitters; however,some axons in the hypothalamus release hormones.

Question 65

Each white column in the spinal cord consists of large numbers of cell bodies divided into smaller bundles called tracts.

Question 66

Based on the system of naming tracts in the spinal cord,the corticospinal tract would be a descending tract.

Question 67

Projection tracts pass through the corpus callosum from one hemisphere of the cerebrum to the other.

Question 68

Decussation of sensory neurons usually occurs at the secondary neuron level before reaching the thalamus.

Question 69

Association tracts connect parts of the same cerebral hemisphere.

Question 70

Based on the system of naming tracts in the spinal cord,the spinocerebellar tract would be an ascending tract.

Question 71

The diencephalon is part of the brain located between the cerebrum and the top of the brainstem.

Question 72

The fact that one part of the cerebrum can take on a new function in response to damage to another part of the cerebrum is an example of cerebral plasticity.

Question 73

The two "colorful" structures in the brain,the red nucleus and the substantia nigra,are located in the midbrain.

Question 74

Because there is a strong link between the thalamus and emotion,it can produce symptoms of a psychosomatic disease.

Question 75

A lesion or tumor in the hypothalamus may cause overeating and result in substantial weight gain.

Question 76

The tertiary sensory neurons are entirely in the cerebrum.

Question 77

The conus medullaris is located at about the first lumbar vertebrae.

Question 78

Rapid mitosis stops at about age 9,but the brain grows in size until about age 18.

Question 79

All of the lobes of the cerebrum are named after the bones that cover them.

Question 80

Consciousness may be defined as a state of awareness of one's self,one's environment,and other humans.