Deck 20: Blood

Question 1

The average healthy young female has about 4 to 5 liters of blood in her body.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The only people who can ever have anti-Rh antibodies in their plasma are Rh-positive men or women who have been transfused with Rh-negative blood or Rh-positive women who have carried an Rh-negative fetus.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

People with type O blood are considered universal donors and therefore cross-matching is not needed before transfusing their blood.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

If the recipient's blood type is A,to avoid agglutination,the donor's blood type may be either type O or type A.

Question 5

Blood constitutes about 4% of total body weight.

Question 6

Diapedesis is a process of phagocytosis and release of cytotoxic chemicals.

Question 7

The survival of red blood cells depends on their ability to change their shape.

Question 8

Direct measurements of total blood volume involve the "tagging" of red blood cells or plasma components with radioisotopes.

Question 9

People with type O blood are considered universal recipients.

Question 10

The less fat in the body,the more blood there is per unit of body weight.

Question 11

Platelets are formed only in red bone marrow.

Question 12

The volume of plasma is equal to the whole blood minus the formed elements.

Question 13

Under normal circumstances,there are no differences between the sexes in platelet count.

Question 14

In men,red blood cell counts average about 4,800,000 per cubic millimeter of blood.

Question 15

Erythropoietinogen is released primarily by the kidneys.

Question 16

Type O blood contains both antigen A and antigen B on the red blood cells.

Question 17

Monocytes are polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Question 18

Platelets are important for blood clotting and hemostasis.

Question 19

Another term for plasma is interstitial fluid.

Question 20

Eosinophils are the least numerous of the white blood cells,numbering only 0.5% to 1% of the total leukocyte count.

Question 21

People with type AB blood are considered universal donors.

Question 22

Antithrombins are important in clot formation.

Question 23

Streptokinase is an enzyme that can be used to dissolve clots.

Question 24

Hematocrit and serum are synonymous terms.

Question 25

Plasma is a dark red fluid that accounts for more than half the blood volume.

Question 26

Oxygen deficiency increases leukocyte numbers by increasing the secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys.

Question 27

People with type O blood are considered universal donors because their blood has Rh antigen on their red blood cells.

Question 28

Blood plasma contains colloids,crystalloids,electrolytes,and nonelectrolytes.

Question 29

An extrinsic factor must be provided by the diet to prevent pernicious anemia.

Question 30

The major component of plasma is protein.

Question 31

The type of plasma protein that constitutes more than half of the total amount is fibrinogen.

Question 32

Rh-positive blood contains Rh antigens on its red blood cells.

Question 33

Globulins play an important role in the body's defense process.

Question 34

Globulins constitute approximately 55% of the total plasma protein content.

Question 35

Plasma is a straw-colored fluid that accounts for more than half the blood volume.

Question 36

Type AB blood contains both A and B antigens on its red blood cells.

Question 37

Hemoglobin is broken down into iron and bilirubin.The iron is returned to the bone marrow and the bilirubin is excreted by the kidneys.

Question 38

Streptokinase,an enzyme from certain streptococci,can cause clot dissolution.

Question 39

The synthesis of plasma protein takes place in the liver.

Question 40

The life span of circulating red blood cells is about 1 year.

Question 41

A drop in blood oxygen levels stimulates the liver to release erythropoietin.

Question 42

Hematocrit includes red blood cells,white blood cells,and soluble proteins from the plasma.

Question 43

Maturation causes an increase in the size of red blood cells.

Question 44

To maintain the homeostatic level of red blood cell production,the body must supply the bone marrow with recycled iron,amino acids,and bilirubin.

Question 45

About 45% of whole blood is plasma.

Question 46

Conditions that result in decreased red blood cell numbers are called anemias.

Question 47

A drop in blood oxygen levels stimulates an increase in red blood cell formation.

Question 48

Direct measurement of blood volume is usually not done on normal,healthy people.

Question 49

The rate of protein synthesis in mature red blood cells is slightly higher than in most of the cells in the body.

Question 50

In the indirect measurement of blood volume,it is assumed that the radioisotope is uniformly distributed in the blood.

Question 51

The terms packed cell volume and hematocrit are interchangeable.

Question 52

The buffy coat is composed of all the formed elements except red blood cells.

Question 53

The bicarbonate ions formed in carbon dioxide transport move out to the plasma and help the body adjust pH.

Question 54

On average,women have a slightly higher hematocrit value than men.

Question 55

The buffy coat composes about 5% of the total blood volume.

Question 56

The nuclei of red blood cells and white blood cells are almost identical in size.

Question 57

The part of the hemoglobin molecule that combines with oxygen is the heme.

Question 58

If you donate a "unit" of blood at a blood bank,you have given about 5% of your total blood volume.

Question 59

Another name for blood cells is formed elements.

Question 60

The protein spectrin helps keep the red blood cells rigid so they are not deformed when passing through a capillary.

Question 61

A woman who is pregnant for the first time cannot possibly have anti-Rh antibodies in her blood.

Question 62

In the formation of red blood cells,reticulocytes develop directly from basophilic erythroblasts.

Question 63

The total surface area of all of the red blood cells in the body is about the size of a tennis court.

Question 64

Another name for eosinophils could be acidophils.

Question 65

The platelet count in the average adult is 500,000/mm³.

Question 66

A difference between a crystalloid and a colloid is the size of the particle.

Question 67

The polymorphonuclear leukocytes are granulocytes.

Question 68

One of the functions of basophils is to protect the body from parasitic worms.

Question 69

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase allows carbon dioxide to join with the heme portion of the red blood cell.

Question 70

The buffy coat does not contain formed elements of the blood.

Question 71

In the red blood cell,oxygen combines with the heme portion of hemoglobin,whereas the globin portion of the hemoglobin combines with carbon dioxide.

Question 72

One reason that blood is effective in heat regulation is that it has a high specific heat.

Question 73

Some white blood cells are named based on the type of substances that stain them for microscopic study.

Question 74

In the formation of red blood cells,polychromatic erythroblasts develop directly from basophilic erythroblasts.

Question 75

The shape of a red blood cell increases its surface area.

Question 76

Both the largest and smallest of the leukocytes are agranulocytes.

Question 77

One of the reasons that red blood cells are so efficient in carrying oxygen is that one hemoglobin molecule can carry two oxygen atoms.

Question 78

One of the ways platelets assist in blood homeostasis is to release chemicals that cause vasoconstriction in the blood vessels.

Question 79

The difference between crystalloids and colloids is that crystalloids have a charge and colloids do not.

Question 80

Blood agglutination and blood clotting are different names for the same process.