Deck 21: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System

Question 1

The internal layer of the tissue in the heart is the epicardium.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Veins always carry deoxygenated blood.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The tunica media is also called the tunica adventitia.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood.

Question 5

As the external iliac artery enters the thigh,its name changes to the femoral artery.

Question 6

Systemic circulation includes blood flow to all parts of the body except the lungs.

Question 7

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.

Question 8

Umbilical arteries carry blood from the placenta to the fetus.

Question 9

The heart of the developing human embryo begins to beat regularly early in the fourth week after fertilization.

Question 10

There are two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.

Question 11

Pulmonary circulation is blood flow through the liver.

Question 12

The ductus arteriosus allows fetal blood to bypass the nonfunctioning fetal liver.

Question 13

The mitral valve has three flaps.

Question 14

Precapillary sphincters are located in venules.

Question 15

The tunica intima of arteries provides a smooth lining with valves to ensure one-way flow.

Question 16

Anastomoses are important for providing collateral circulation.

Question 17

The value of an anastomosis is that it allows blood to bypass a blood vessel obstruction.

Question 18

The circle of Willis is an example of an anastomosis.

Question 19

A major function of the pericardial sac is protection against friction.

Question 20

Precapillary sphincters increase the flow of blood through a tissue when they relax.

Question 21

Cardiac tamponade is a serious compression of the heart.

Question 22

If today is your 23rd birthday,your heart has been beating for more than 23 years.

Question 23

Smooth muscle is found in all parts of the vascular system except the capillaries.

Question 24

The midline of the body divides the heart into equal right and left halves.

Question 25

The base of the heart is superior to the apex of the heart.

Question 26

COPD refers to death of ischemic heart muscle cells.

Question 27

Blood flow from the pulmonary arteries leads to the lungs.

Question 28

Angina pectoris and myocardial infarction are synonymous terms.

Question 29

One function of elastic fibers is to help maintain blood pressure.

Question 30

The thoracic and abdominal aortas comprise the descending aorta.

Question 31

Arteriosclerosis means "chest pain."

Question 32

The tunica media in veins is thinner than the tunica media in arteries.

Question 33

The visceral pericardium adheres to the surface of the heart.

Question 34

As a person grows to adulthood,the heart increases in size and becomes a greater percent of the body weight.

Question 35

The pericardium is able to stretch in response to the contraction and relaxation of the heart.

Question 36

The SA node resides primarily in the right atrial wall.

Question 37

A stenotic valve is a leaky valve.

Question 38

Because the heart is positioned between two bony structures,CPR can be an effective,lifesaving procedure.

Question 39

The pacemaker of the heart is the SA node.

Question 40

The "receiving chambers" of the heart are the atria.

Question 41

When fibers of the vagus nerve stimulate the heart,the heart rate increases.

Question 42

All blood returns to the heart by way of either the superior vena cava or the inferior vena cava.

Question 43

The veins in the heart are called "cardiac," but the arteries in the heart are called "coronary."

Question 44

The epicardium and the fibrous pericardium are two names for the same structure.

Question 45

The blood vessels that supply other blood vessels with blood are called the vaso vasorum.

Question 46

The mitral valve has fewer flaps than the right atrioventricular valve.

Question 47

The terms atria and auricle mean the same thing.

Question 48

The first part of the aorta is called the aortic arch.

Question 49

Blood passing through a semilunar valve will enter an artery.

Question 50

Microcirculation includes only the blood flowing through the capillaries.

Question 51

The left ventricle is the driving pump for systemic circulation.

Question 52

Very large arteries are called sinuses.

Question 53

The bulk of the heart wall is myocardium.

Question 54

The cardiac plexus contains both parasympathetic fibers and sympathetic fibers.

Question 55

Capacitance is a characteristic of veins.

Question 56

A portal system sends blood through two sets of capillaries.

Question 57

The general function of both sets of valves in the heart is to prevent blood from flowing back to the chamber it just left.

Question 58

Blood passing through a semilunar valve will enter a heart chamber.

Question 59

The heart is autorhythmic,which means it can generate its own action potential without outside nerve stimulation.

Question 60

Veins tend to have more anastomoses than do arteries.

Question 61

Chordae tendineae are cordlike structures that connect semilunar valves to papillary muscles.

Question 62

The lower part of the heart forms a blunt point known as the base.

Question 63

One function of the skeleton of the heart is to assist in the conduction of an impulse from the atria to the ventricles.

Question 64

Atria receive blood from veins,and ventricles pump blood into arteries.

Question 65

Arteriovenous shunts can redirect blood through the skin to help regulate heat loss.

Question 66

The skeleton of the heart is made of cartilage rather than bone.

Question 67

The base of the heart lies on the diaphragm.

Question 68

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels.

Question 69

It is easier for material to pass through a continuous capillary than through a fenestrated capillary.

Question 70

The foramen ovale is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles in the fetus heart that facilitates blood being shunted away to avoid the nonfunctioning lungs.

Question 71

The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the circulatory system.

Question 72

The epicardium and the visceral layer of the serous pericardium are the same structure.

Question 73

Continuous,fenestrated,and sinusoid are all terms that can describe a type of capillary.

Question 74

Because the muscle tissue of the heart forms a syncytium,electrical conduction through the heart is more efficient.

Question 75

As you might expect,most of the nerves leading to the heart end in the sinoatrial node.

Question 76

Endothelial cells are the only structure found in all parts of the circulatory system.

Question 77

A drop in blood oxygen levels will stimulate an increase in the heart rate.

Question 78

The right and left coronary arteries are about equally dominant in hearts; 50% of hearts are right artery dominant and 50% of hearts are left artery dominant.

Question 79

Both the ductus venosus and ductus arteriosus are adaptations of the fetal circulatory system designed to shunt blood away from the nonfunctioning lungs.

Question 80

To support maximum muscle contraction of the heart muscle,the blood flow to the heart is highest during the strongest contractions.