Deck 28: A: Anatomy of the Digestive System

Question 1

The tricuspids are the last of the permanent teeth to appear,usually erupting sometime after 17 years of age.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The alimentary canal has two openings to the exterior of the body.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The esophagus is anterior to the trachea.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Periodontitis is a type of tooth decay involving the pulp of the tooth.

Question 5

The function of the digestive system is to alter the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be absorbed and used by body cells.

Question 6

After food is digested,it enters the alimentary canal.

Question 7

The esophagus is prevented from collapsing by rings of cartilage.

Question 8

The lesser curvature is located on the upper right border of the stomach.

Question 9

The intrinsic muscles of the tongue are important for swallowing and speech.

Question 10

The hard palate is fashioned of muscle arranged in the shape of an arch.

Question 11

Gingivitis is the general term for inflammation or infection of the gums.

Question 12

There are normally 20 deciduous teeth,also known as baby teeth.

Question 13

During deglutition and speech,the only muscles of the tongue that contract are the intrinsic muscles.

Question 14

The hard palate of the mouth consists of two maxillae and two palatine bones.

Question 15

Mumps is an acute viral disease characterized by swelling of the parotid salivary glands.

Question 16

The pancreas is an essential organ of the digestive system.

Question 17

The lining of the digestive system consists of three layers.

Question 18

The large intestine has a diameter of about 2.5 inches and a length of about 5 to 6 feet.

Question 19

The walls of the stomach and the small intestine have three layers of muscle tissue.

Question 20

The hardest,most stable tissue in the body is the enamel of the tooth.

Question 21

The esophagus is composed of striated and smooth muscles.

Question 22

The greater omentum is a fatty tissue covering the anterior surface of the intestines.

Question 23

In the pancreas,alpha cells produce insulin and beta cells produce glucagon.

Question 24

The vermiform appendix is attached to the sigmoid part of the large intestine.

Question 25

The fan-shaped projection of peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the mesentery.

Question 26

The parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid.

Question 27

The small intestine is so named because it is shorter than the large intestine.

Question 28

The presence of villi and microvilli increases the surface area of the large intestine.

Question 29

The chief cells,located in the stomach,secrete hydrochloric acid and are thought to produce intrinsic factor.

Question 30

Surgical removal of the gallbladder is called cholecystectomy.

Question 31

The gastric glands in the small intestine secrete enzymes and hydrochloric acid.

Question 32

The hepatic flexure of the large intestine is located in the left hypochondriac region.

Question 33

Hemorrhoids are enlargements of veins in the anal canal.

Question 34

The vermiform appendix is a wormlike projection extending from the cecum.

Question 35

The brush border of the small intestine is formed by about 1700 ultra-fine microvilli per cell.

Question 36

The pyloric sphincter is located in the fundus portion of the stomach.

Question 37

Intestinal digestive enzymes are produced in the brush border cells toward the top of the villi of the small intestine.

Question 38

Hemorrhoids are enlargements of the smaller arteries in the anal canal.

Question 39

Most of the stomach lies to the left of the midline,below the diaphragm,and in the abdominal cavity.

Question 40

Bile is released from the gallbladder into the stomach to aid in the digestive process.

Question 41

Both the large and small intestine have microvilli.

Question 42

Most enamel is made up of inorganic materials.

Question 43

The uvula is a small,cone-shaped process that is suspended from the hard palate of the mouth.

Question 44

The alimentary canal and the gastrointestinal tract refer to the same structure.

Question 45

Digestion must occur so food can pass through the wall of the alimentary canal.

Question 46

Most of the pancreatic tissue is exocrine,producing the hormones glucagon and insulin.

Question 47

Glucagon and insulin assist the GI tract in the digestive process.

Question 48

The term intramural plexus includes both the Meissner and the Auerbach plexus.

Question 49

A hiatal hernia is caused by a weakening of the wall of the large intestine.

Question 50

An overly full stomach can push against the small intestine and obstruct the movement of food.

Question 51

The muscle structure of the esophagus changes from the top of the esophagus to the bottom of the esophagus.

Question 52

The liver occupies most of the right hypochondrium.

Question 53

The foramen cecum is the opening of the small intestine into the large intestine.

Question 54

Teeth are considered the organs of mastication.

Question 55

One of the functions of the stomach is to kill pathogens that enter the body in food.

Question 56

Cholesterol is a component of bile.

Question 57

The liver is the largest exocrine gland in the body.

Question 58

The hepatic lobules are the anatomical units of the liver and are tiny hexagonal or pentagonal shaped structures.

Question 59

The group of blood vessels running through the submucosal layer is called the Meissner plexus.

Question 60

The point at which the small intestine changes from the jejunum to the ileum is marked by a change in the diameter of the intestine.

Question 61

The stomach wall is unique because it is made up of four layers of muscle rather than three.

Question 62

The lumen of the gastrointestinal tract is considered to be outside the body.

Question 63

Lymph vessels in the villi of the small intestine are called plicae.

Question 64

Both the chemical composition and the physical state need modification so food can be absorbed.

Question 65

When the lips are closed,the line of contact is called the oral fissure.

Question 66

The muscularis layer of the wall of the GI tract consists of a single layer of circular muscle.

Question 67

The intramural plexus,which is also called the Auerbach plexus,is found in the muscularis layer.

Question 68

The cheeks are formed in large part by the buccinator muscles.

Question 69

The mucosa is actually made up of two layers: the mucous epithelium and the lamina propria.

Question 70

There is no clear line of demarcation between the ileum and the jejunum.

Question 71

The philtrum is a structure located at the rear of the soft palate.

Question 72

One of the functions of the intrinsic factor of the stomach is to protect vitamin A from damage.

Question 73

The mucosa is made up of three layers: the mucous epithelium,the lamina propria,and the muscularis mucosae.

Question 74

Both the stomach and gallbladder contain folds called rugae.

Question 75

The duodenum,jejunum,and ileum each make up about one third of the length of the small intestine.

Question 76

Food enters the oropharynx by passing through the fauces.

Question 77

A congenital condition in which the frenulum is too short to allow freedom of tongue movement is called ankyloglossia.

Question 78

Goblet cells are mucus-secreting cells found in the crypts of the small intestine.

Question 79

The tubercle is a slight prominence found on the lip.

Question 80

The submucosal plexus is a group of parasympathetic nerves found in the submucosa.