Deck 13: Mental Health Disorders

Question 1

 The perspective of abnormal behavior that emphasizes the effect of thinking,expectations,and mental assumptions is the ____ perspective.​ 

A)The perspective of abnormal behavior that emphasizes the effect of thinking, expectations, and mental assumptions is the ____ perspective.
B)psychoanalytic
C)humanistic
D)cognitive

Answer 1

cognitive

Question 2

 The fact that homosexuality was once on the American Psychiatric Association list of psychological disorders and now is not on the list specifically illustrates the variability of the ____ criterion for distinguishing between normal and abnormal behavior.​ 

A)"personal distress"
B)"not typical"
C)"violation of social norms"
D)"level of impairment"

Answer 2

"violation of social norms"

Question 3

 Mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability in the U.S.for people between ____ years of age. 

A)birth and 14
B)15 and 44
C)45 and 64
D)65 and 84

Answer 3

15 and 44

Question 4

 Dr.Frank is a therapist who believes that psychological disorders can be caused by neurotransmitter imbalances in the brain.Dr.Frank takes which perspective on human behavior?​ 

A)behavioral
B)biological
C)psychoanalytic
D)eclectic

Question 5

 Lorenzo drinks excessive amounts of alcohol each evening.His behavior is negatively affecting his relationships and his job performance.Lorenzo may be considered abnormal based on which criteria? 

A)not typical
B)level of impairment
C)distorted perception
D)motor malfunctioning

Question 6

 The concept of "not typical or culturally expected" in relation to distinguishing normal from abnormal behavior includes ____. 

A)both the instance of someone doing something that most others do not do and not doing something that most people do
B)the instance of someone doing something that most others do not
C)the instance of someone not doing something that most others do
D)the instance of someone doing something that involves personal distress

Question 7

 Many students will define abnormal behavior as some behavior which is different than the way somebody is supposed to act.What criterion is being used by the students to establish abnormality?​ 

A)violation of social norms
B)personal distress
C)not typical
D)level of impairment

Question 8

 A person who has anorexia nervosa and does not eat to the extent that most people do specifically fits the ____ criteria for distinguishing normal from abnormal behavior.​ 

A)"personal distress"
B)"statistical infrequency"
C)"danger to self or others"
D)"level of impairment"

Question 9

 Based on the statistical frequency of mental illness,it is likely that ____ of all adults in the U.S.will suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder sometime in their life. 

A)nearly a quarter
B)more than half
C)more than three-quarters
D)nearly 100%

Question 10

 Simone has been diagnosed with elective mutism - she chooses not to speak at all.Simone's behavior may be considered abnormal according to which criteria? 

A)personal distress
B)not typical or culturally expected
C)unconscious thought
D)distorted perception

Question 11

 Most people who know John would say that his degree of introversion is somewhat extreme,but it does not appear to cause him any distress or interfere with his ability to function.Based on this information,John probably would ____.​ 

A)not be classified as abnormal
B)be classified as abnormal
C)benefit from medication, but not therapy
D)benefit from therapy, but not medication

Question 12

 Based on the statistical frequency of mental illness,it is likely that ____ of female adults in the U.S.will suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year.​ 

A)about a one-fourth
B)nearly half
C)more than three-quarters
D)nearly 100%

Question 13

 In the U.S.,the lifetime prevalence of major depression is ____ for women and ____ for men. 

A)genetics
B)20%; 13%
C)medications
D)electroconvulsive therapy

Question 14

 Which criteria is most problematic for psychologists when distinguishing normal from abnormal behavior?​ 

A)inability to function
B)level of impairment
C)violation of social norms
D)personal distress

Question 15

 Suicide is the ____ leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year-olds in the U.S. 

A)first
B)second
C)third
D)fourth

Question 16

 A medical doctor who believes that the best treatment for depression is medication is following the ____ perspective of abnormality.​ 

A)cultural
B)psychological
C)biological
D)social

Question 17

 According to the idea that behavior is disordered if it is not typical or culturally accepted,a person who does something that other people very rarely do would be considered ____. 

A)compulsive
B)normal
C)abnormal
D)obsessive

Question 18

 The medical model originated with the ____ perspective of abnormal behavior.​ 

A)psychological
B)cultural
C)social
D)biological

Question 19

 The concept of mental illness being a disease of the body or brain is consistent with which view of abnormal behavior? 

A)biological
B)cultural
C)social
D)psychological

Question 20

 Stephanie's daughter has dyed her hair purple and pierced her nose three times.Stephanie believes that her daughter is abnormal probably based on which criteria? 

A)personal distress
B)disordered perception
C)inability to function
D)violation of social norms

Question 21

 If you examined the DSM-5,you should expect to find a description of the​ 

A)causes of mental health disorders
B)treatments of mental health disorders
C)symptoms of mental health disorders
D)social norms for assessment

Question 22

 DSM is the name of the guide that psychologists use to diagnose mental illness and it stands for the​ 

A)Directed and Specialized Monitoring of Mental Illness.
B)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
C)Disorders and their Symptoms for Mental Health Professionals.
D)De-Stigmatizing Mental Illness Guide.

Question 23

 Dr.Skinner is a behavioral psychologist.How would she view an anxiety disorder?​ 

A)as stemming from the unconscious
B)as stemming from some biological malfunction
C)as a result of learning
D)as a result of discomfort with the self

Question 24

 A psychologist who views depression as due to unconscious sexual conflicts is viewing abnormal behavior from the ____ perspective. 

A)humanistic
B)behavioral
C)psychoanalytic
D)cognitive

Question 25

 Which topic would be of most interest to a sociocultural theorist?​ 

A)the greater incidence of depression in the U.S. compared to other countries
B)the relationship between age and certain types of mental illness
C)the biochemical causes of schizophrenia
D)the negative self-talk characteristic of those with low self-esteem

Question 26

 The fact that the incidence of eating disorders varies widely across the world is best explained by ____ theory of abnormal behavior. 

A)psychological
B)sociocultural
C)psychoanalytic
D)biological

Question 27

 Which perspective provides the most integrative explanation of psychological disorders?​ 

A)sociocultural
B)biopsychosocial
C)medical
D)psychoanalytic

Question 28

 Both the humanistic and the cognitive perspectives of abnormal behavior emphasize distorted perceptions,but the humanistic perspective is unique in its emphasis on the ____. 

A)unconscious
B)self
C)past
D)body

Question 29

 Gary believes that abnormal behavior results from the conflict between unconscious forces and the demands of society.His thinking is most consistent with the ____ theory of abnormal behavior.​ 

A)cognitive
B)biological
C)humanistic
D)psychoanalytic

Question 30

 Most psychological disorders result from ____.​ 

A)biological factors
B)sociocultural factors
C)psychological factors
D)a combination of biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors

Question 31

 Dr.Lubold views abnormal behavior as stemming from people's inability to accept themselves.Dr.Lubold endorses the ____ perspective.​ 

A)psychoanalytic
B)humanistic
C)behavioral
D)biological

Question 32

 The cognitive perspective of abnormal behavior is to ____,as the humanistic perspective of abnormal behavior is to ____. 

A)distorted thinking; distorted sense of self
B)Carl Rogers; B.F. Skinner
C)psychological approach; sociocultural approach
D)conscious conflicts; unconscious conflicts

Question 33

 Learning theorists believe that abnormal behavior results from ____.​ 

A)innate biological predispositions
B)cultural norms and traditions
C)the same learning processes that explain normal behavior
D)unconscious conflicts surrounding parental relationships

Question 34

 What do the social learning perspective and the cognitive perspective have in common? 

A)They both are part of the sociocultural approach to explaining abnormal behavior.
B)They both are no longer considered useful in explaining abnormal behavior.
C)They both are part of the psychological approach to explaining abnormal behavior.
D)They both are part of the biological approach to explaining abnormal behavior.

Question 35

 A clinical psychologist who is attempting to make a mental illness diagnosis is likely to consult the ____.​ 

A)TAT
B)AMA
C)ISDN
D)DSM

Question 36

 The psychoanalytic perspective is part of the ____ approach to abnormal behavior. 

A)biological
B)psychological
C)social learning
D)sociocultural

Question 37

 Dr.Wangari believes that discrimination and poverty account for the higher rate of alcoholism among Native Americans.Dr.Wangari endorses the ____ perspective.​ 

A)sociocultural
B)supernatural
C)medical
D)psychological

Question 38

 Stephanie believes that abnormal behavior results from a distorted perception of the self and reality.Stephanie's thinking is most consistent with the ____ perspective of abnormal behavior. 

A)cognitive
B)humanistic
C)psychoanalytic
D)social learning

Question 39

 Emma is constantly putting herself down and believes that she is stupid.Her negative thinking often depresses her mood.Which perspective might be most helpful in understanding the cause of Emma's depression?​ 

A)sociocultural
B)psychoanalytic
C)biological
D)cognitive

Question 40

 Psychological theories primarily attribute abnormal behavior to ____.​ 

A)physical causes
B)demonic possession
C)cultural factors
D)internal or external stressors

Question 41

 A DSM diagnosis can ____. 

A)tell us very clearly how a person will behave in the future
B)provide a detailed description of the person's unique characteristics
C)be used as a general label to understand a person's problem
D)tell us the factors that have created a particular problem behavior

Question 42

 An individual who meets the criteria for more than one diagnosis is said to have ____ conditions.​ 

A)co-occurring
B)complex
C)collusive
D)comorbid

Question 43

 The DSM is best described as having a(n)____ perspective.​ 

A)social
B)psychoanalytic
C)behavioral
D)atheoretical

Question 44

 Lecretia has lately been experiencing distressing symptoms including elevated heart rate,muscle tension,a sense of dread,restlessness,and a desire to flee from certain situations.Her symptoms are most consistent with a(n)____.​ 

A)depressive disorder
B)anxiety disorder
C)somatic symptom disorder
D)dissociative disorder

Question 45

 In DSM-5,autism spectrum disorders are classified as ____ disorders. 

A)neurodevelopmental
B)psychotic
C)anxiety
D)mood

Question 46

 Which anxiety disorder has the highest estimated 12-month prevalence?​ 

A)PTSD
B)specific phobia
C)panic disorder
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 47

 Based on research,reliability would be lowest for a diagnosis of ____ disorder.​ 

A)somatic symptom
B)antisocial personality
C)delusional
D)bipolar I

Question 48

 Using the DSM model for diagnosing mental disorders ____. 

A)has virtually eliminated inaccurate diagnoses
B)ensures that those with disorders are not given a negative label
C)can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy for those with disorders
D)has been shown to remove the biases that psychologists may have

Question 49

 Which disorder is categorized in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders?​ 

A)delusional disorder
B)body dysmorphic disorder
C)dissociative amnesia
D)rumination disorder

Question 50

 Which disorder is most likely to be dominated by excessive worry?​ 

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)panic disorder
C)antisocial personality disorder
D)schizophrenia

Question 51

 Research on the reliability and validity of the DSM has shown ____. 

A)improvements in reliability and validity
B)overall poor reliability but acceptable validity
C)overall poor validity but acceptable reliability
D)overall poor reliability and validity

Question 52

 Your friend has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder.Based on what you know about the reliability of the diagnosis of personality disorders,you would have good reason to believe that ____. 

A)your friend actually has a personality disorder
B)your friend actually does not have any type of disorder
C)another therapist might make a different diagnosis
D)another therapist would confirm the diagnosis

Question 53

 In DSM-5,restless leg syndrome is classified as a(n)____ disorder.​ 

A)paraphilic
B)somatic
C)neurocognitive
D)sleep-wake

Question 54

 Cognitive components of anxiety include ____.​ 

A)having an intense sense of dread
B)avoiding anxiety-provoking situations
C)being extremely wary or watchful
D)behaving aggressively

Question 55

 The DSM-5 contains information about nearly ____ disorders.​ 

A)100
B)200
C)300
D)400

Question 56

 Anxiety is considered abnormal when it ____.​ 

A)is expressed in unusual circumstances
B)is exhibited more than twice within a 30 day period
C)is observed in social settings
D)interferes with one's ability to function

Question 57

 Following heart surgery,74 year-old Roberta,an outgoing,active artist,becomes extremely confused and is grossly disoriented.She is diagnosed with delirium,a ____ disorder.​ 

A)somatic
B)psychotic
C)neurodevelopmental
D)neurocognitive

Question 58

 Which disorder is classified by DSM-5 as a psychotic disorder?​ 

A)amnesia
B)ADHD
C)PTSD
D)schizophrenia

Question 59

 The DSM criteria require that symptoms ____.​ 

A)interfere with an individual's functioning
B)be socially inappropriate
C)reflect a permanent change in functioning
D)Be invariant from culture to culture

Question 60

 Critics of the DSM approach point out that a diagnosis ____.​ 

A)is typically inaccurate
B)may be a self-fulfilling prophecy
C)serves no purpose
D)may result in denial of health insurance

Question 61

 Which of the following is most likely to involve short,but intense periods of anxiety? 

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)social phobia
C)posttraumatic stress disorder
D)panic disorder

Question 62

 Cassandra has recently had several short but highly intense experiences in which physical anxiety suddenly overwhelms her,making her feel as if she is having a heart attack.Her symptoms are most consistent with ____.​ 

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)bipolar disorder
C)panic disorder
D)schizophrenia

Question 63

 At least ____ of those who are diagnosed with agoraphobia are women.​ 

A)75%
B)80%
C)85%
D)90%

Question 64

 Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by ____.​ 

A)intense panic
B)extreme mood shifts
C)periods of dissociation from consciousness
D)chronic anxiety

Question 65

 A recurrent intrusive thought that you forgot to lock your car when you parked it this morning is an example of a(n)____.​ 

A)posttraumatic stressor
B)compulsion
C)obsession
D)motivator

Question 66

 Phobic disorders are a type of ____.​ 

A)mood disorder
B)schizophrenic disorder
C)somatoform disorder
D)anxiety disorder

Question 67

 What do agoraphobia,social phobia,and specific phobia all have in common?​ 

A)They all involve panic attacks.
B)They all create mood swings.
C)They are all more likely to develop in adulthood.
D)They are all anxiety disorders.

Question 68

 Samuel has agoraphobia.This means that he has a fear of ____.​ 

A)closed spaces
B)being in places where escape would be difficult if panic were to occur
C)social situations in which negative evaluation could occur
D)heights

Question 69

 Panic disorder is a type of ____. 

A)anxiety disorder
B)dissociative disorder
C)mood disorder
D)somatic disorder

Question 70

 If you have experienced panic disorder,most likely,you ____.​ 

A)are an African-American male
B)have endured long periods of sustained depression
C)use dissociation as a means of dealing with stressful situations
D)cannot identify the specific cause of your panic

Question 71

 Specific phobias typically begin in ____.​ 

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)adulthood

Question 72

 Obsessions are ____,while compulsions are ____.​ 

A)adaptive; maladaptive
B)maladaptive; adaptive
C)thoughts; behaviors
D)behaviors; thoughts

Question 73

 Fear of having another panic attack can lead to ____.​ 

A)schizophrenia
B)agoraphobia
C)PTSD
D)depression

Question 74

 Social anxiety disorder tends to develop in ____.​ 

A)early preschool years
B)middle childhood
C)early adulthood
D)middle-age

Question 75

 If you have an intensely irrational fear of being negatively evaluated by others in a social situation,you may have ____.​ 

A)panic disorder
B)acrophobia
C)agoraphobia
D)social phobia

Question 76

 About ____ of American adults have a specific phobia.​ 

A)3%
B)9%
C)15%
D)18%

Question 77

 In obsessive-compulsive disorder,the compulsions are designed to ____.​ 

A)convince others that the person is normal
B)convince the person that he/she is normal
C)provide relief from depression
D)provide temporary relief from anxieties

Question 78

 Michelle was involved in a terrible car accident in which her brother was killed.She has experienced recurrent flashbacks and nightmares since the accident.She may have ____.​ 

A)agoraphobia
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)posttraumatic stress disorder
D)adjustment disorder

Question 79

 Repetitive hand-washing in order to relieve anxiety is an example of a(n)____.​ 

A)positive reinforcer
B)compulsion
C)obsession
D)phobia

Question 80

 In any given year,it is estimated that ____ of Americans experience generalized anxiety disorder.​ 

A)1%
B)3%
C)7%
D)15%