Deck 14: Food-Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support Methods

Question 1

Which trace element needs to be initially given at higher levels when there is a risk of refeeding syndrome?

A)Zinc
B)Copper
C)Chromium
D)Phosphorus

Answer 1

D
When refeeding syndrome occurs, serum levels of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium fall below normal levels, resulting in the electrolyte imbalances associated with refeeding syndrome.As a patient's stores of these nutrients may be depressed after extended time without eating, infusion of glucose contributes to decreasing blood levels of these minerals further as they are shifted into cells with glucose.Potential cardiac and pulmonary complications can be avoided by supplementing the patient with phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium and by limiting the initial amounts of glucose administered when feeding resumes.

Question 2

Feeding tube diameter is measured in

A)French size.
B)millimeters.
C)inches.
D)centimeters.

Answer 2

A
Feeding tube internal diameter is measured in French size.

Question 3

What type of enteric tube enters the body at the nose and terminates at the stomach?

A)Nasogastric
B)Nasojejunal
C)Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
D)Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

Answer 3

A
A nasogastric tube is inserted through the nares and run down the throat and esophagus to end in the stomach.A nasojejunal tube is inserted in the same manner, but its terminus is in the jejunum.A PEG tube is placed through the abdominal wall so it feeds directly into the stomach.A PEJ is similar except that it feeds into the jejunum.

Question 4

After assessment of a patient has determined that oral intake is inadequate, what is the next determination to be made?

A)Is the GI tract functional?
B)What type of tube should be placed?
C)What type of formula should be used?
D)What amount and composition of TPN are appropriate?

Question 5

A common complication of enteral tube feeding is

A)hyponatremia.
B)refeeding syndrome
C)diarrhea.
D)hypoalbuminemia.

Question 6

For the patient with delayed gastric emptying, nausea and vomiting, or other indications of risk of aspiration, the tube should be placed through the

A)mouth into the stomach.
B)nose into the stomach.
C)mouth into the duodenum or jejunum.
D)nose into the duodenum or jejunum.

Question 7

The most important technique for prevention of aspiration in an enterally fed patient is:

A)To position the patient at a 45-degree angle for feeding
B)To use a calorically dense enteral formula
C)To use a large bore feeding tube
D)To administer feedings at a slow rate

Question 8

In general, a patient's parenteral feeding can be discontinued when enteral nutrition meets _____ of the patient's need.

A)25%
B)50%
C)75%
D)100%

Question 9

Which one of these routes of parenteral access is considered long term?

A)Peripheral intravenous catheter
B)Peripherally inserted central catheter
C)Single-lumen catheter inserted into the subclavian vein
D)Catheter inserted into the external jugular vein

Question 10

For a fluid restricted patient, an appropriate formula to select for use would be _____ kcal/mL.

A)0.8
B)1
C)1.2
D)1.5

Question 11

Which condition would most likely require parenteral nutrition as the medical nutrition therapy?

A)Severe acute pancreatitis
B)HIV/AIDS
C)Failure to thrive
D)Oral or esophageal trauma

Question 12

The osmolarity of a 1-L bottle of 5% dextrose solution is _____ mOsm/L.

A)50
B)500
C)200
D)250

Question 13

In home care, what is the recommended administration method for enteral nutrition?

A)Bolus feeding
B)Gravity drip
C)Cyclic pump
D)Continuous pump

Question 14

The maximum osmolality of parenteral solution that the cephalic or brachial vein may tolerate for infusion is _____ mOsm/kg.

A)300 to 500
B)500 to 800
C)800 to 900
D)900 to 1200

Question 15

The calorie concentration provided by most general-purpose formulas is _____ kcal/mL.

A)0.5
B)1 to 1.2
C)1.5
D)2

Question 16

The functions of the _____ system are better maintained with enteral feedings than with parenteral feedings.

A)Cardiovascular
B)Renal
C)Gastrointestinal
D)Pulmonary

Question 17

The patient most likely to experience refeeding syndrome is a patient who has

A)enteral feeding initiated after 7 days NPO.
B)parenteral feeding initiated after 7 days NPO.
C)enteral feeding after 24 hours NPO.
D)parenteral feeding after 24 hours NPO.

Question 18

A patient is receiving an intravenous solution that provides 120 g of dextrose monohydrate.How many calories does this provide the patient?

A)132 kcal
B)240 kcal
C)408 kcal
D)480 kcal

Question 19

The following is NOT a potential complication of nasoenteric feeding tubes.

A)Thrombophlebitis
B)Sinusitis
C)Vocal cord paralysis
D)Pulmonary injury

Question 20

A major drawback of safflower and soybean based lipid emulsions is:

A)it cannot be given peripherally.
B)it provides less calories per ml than other oils.
C)it cannot be mixed with the dextrose and amino acids.
D)it has a proinflammatory effect.