Deck 9: Articulations

Question 1

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

A)suture.
B)gomphosis.
C)synchondrosis.
D)synotosis.
E)syndesmosis.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?

A)shock absorption
B)increases osmotic pressure within joint
C)lubrication
D)provides nutrients
E)protects articular cartilages

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Joints in which adjacent bones are joined by a strong interosseous ligament are

A)symphyses.
B)synarthroses.
C)syndesmoses.
D)diarthroses.
E)synchrondroses.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The intervertebral disc joint is called a

A)synarthrosis.
B)glide joint.
C)condylar joint.
D)synchondrosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 5

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged?

A)The matrix begins to break down.
B)The exposed surface changes to a rough feltwork.
C)Friction in the joint increases.
D)Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

A slightly movable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)gomphosis.
E)synostosis.

Question 7

A suture is an example of a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)symphysis.
D)diarthrosis.
E)amphiarthrosis.

Question 8

An immovable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)syndesmosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 9

Joints can be classified structurally as

A)bony.
B)fibrous.
C)cartilaginous.
D)synovial.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

A joint where bones fuse together with bone tissue is called a

A)synchondrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)synostosis.
D)symphysis.
E)suture.

Question 11

Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n)

A)amphiarthrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)synostosis.
D)synchondrosis.
E)gomphosis.

Question 12

Joints in which the bones are closely fitted are

A)weak joints with restricted movement.
B)strong joints with restricted movement.
C)strong and free-moving joints.
D)synovial joints.
E)joints in the limbs that function for locomotion.

Question 13

Which of these is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints?

A)suture
B)gomphosis
C)synchondrosis
D)synostosis
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 14

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

A)fibrous cartilage.
B)dense regular connective tissue.
C)periodontal ligament.
D)rigid cartilaginous bridge.
E)completely fused.

Question 15

An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the

A)ribs with the sternum.
B)radius and the ulna.
C)femur with the acetabulum.
D)atlas and the axis.
E)navicular bone with the cuniform bones.

Question 16

A synovial joint is an example of a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)amphiarthrosis.
C)diarthrosis.
D)symphysis.
E)syndesmosis.

Question 17

A freely movable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)syndesmosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 18

A ligamentous connection such as an interosseous ligament is termed a

A)syndesmosis.
B)symphysis.
C)synchondrosis.
D)synostosis.
E)gomphosis.

Question 19

An epiphyseal line is an example of a

A)gomphosis.
B)synchondrosis.
C)synostosis.
D)symphysis.
E)syndesmosis.

Question 20

Bursae are found in all of the following areas,except

A)tendon sheaths.
B)beneath the skin covering a bone.
C)within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure.
D)around blood vessels.
E)around many synovial joints.

Question 21

A movement away from the midline of the body is termed

A)inversion.
B)abduction.
C)adduction.
D)flexion.
E)extension.

Question 22

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

A)inversion.
B)plantar flexion.
C)eversion.
D)dorsiflexion.
E)pronation.

Question 23

The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are

A)condylar joints.
B)saddle joints.
C)pivot joints.
D)hinge joints.
E)condyloid joints.

Question 24

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 25

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

A)rotation.
B)opposition.
C)circumduction.
D)eversion.
E)retraction.

Question 26

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a(n)________ joint.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)pivot

Question 27

The ankle joint is an example of a(n)________ joint.

A)condylar
B)saddle
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)gliding

Question 28

The surface of articular cartilage is

A)slick.
B)flat.
C)smooth.
D)rough.
E)both slick and smooth.

Question 29

The joint between the carpals is a/an ________ joint.

A)condylar
B)pivot
C)hinge
D)gliding
E)amphiarthrosis

Question 30

Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)ball-and-socket
D)condylar
E)hinge

Question 31

Which of these is not a property of articular cartilage?

A)covered by perichondrium
B)lubricated by synovial fluid
C)enclosed by an articular capsule
D)similar to hyaline cartilage
E)smooth,low-friction surface

Question 32

The knuckle joint is classified as a ________ joint.

A)condylar
B)hinge
C)glide
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 33

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward,termed

A)eversion.
B)protraction.
C)dorsiflexion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)inversion.

Question 34

The joint between the forearm bones and the wrist is a

A)saddle joint.
B)glide joint.
C)hinge joint.
D)condylar joint.
E)pivot joint.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints?

A)freely movable
B)lined by a secretory epithelium
C)covered by a serous membrane
D)contain synovial fluid
E)covered by a capsule

Question 36

Ankle extension is also called

A) dorsiflexion.
B)inversion.
C)eversion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)protraction.

Question 37

Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage?

A)There is no perichondrium.
B)The matrix contains more water than other cartilages.
C)Surfaces are normally slick and smooth.
D)It is composed cartilage similar to hyaline cartilage.
E)It secretes synovial fluid.

Question 38

Which of these is not considered to be an accessory synovial structure?

A)fat pads
B)menisci
C)tendons
D)bursae
E)synovial membrane

Question 39

Degenerative changes in a joint can be the result of all of the following,except

A)bursitis.
B)bacterial infection.
C)mechanical stress.
D)immobilization of the joint.
E)inflammation.

Question 40

Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle. Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident?

A)A bursa is damaged and leaks synovial fluid.
B)A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged
C)Articulating bones are forced out of position and ligaments are torn.
D)Dislocation of the ankle occurs.
E)The tibia is broken and must be set in a cast.

Question 41

Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 42

Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is

A)circumduction.
B)eversion.
C)inversion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)dorsiflexion.

Question 43

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

A)hand.
B)arm.
C)foot.
D)leg.
E)hip.

Question 44

Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)pivot

Question 45

In a triaxial articulation

A)movement can occur in all three axes.
B)movement can occur in only two axes.
C)movement can occur in only one axis.
D)only circumduction is possible.
E)no movement is possible.

Question 46

The intercarpal articulations are ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)condylar
C)hinge
D)gliding
E)ball-and-socket

Question 47

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

A)double-jointed.
B)extension.
C)flexion.
D)rotation.
E)hyperextension.

Question 48

The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)pivot
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)gliding

Question 49

Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 50

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints,except

A)hinge.
B)gliding.
C)rolling.
D)saddle.
E)pivot.

Question 51

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

A)elbow
B)knee
C)ankle
D)wrist
E)shoulder

Question 52

The elbow joint is an example of a(n)________ joint.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)pivot

Question 53

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?

A)dorsiflexion
B)plantar flexion
C)inversion
D)rotation
E)eversion

Question 54

Which of the following movements is a good example of supination?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 55

The radiocarpal joint is a(n)________ joint.

A)saddle
B)immovable
C)hinge
D)gliding
E)condylar

Question 56

Curling into the "fetal position" ________ the intervertebral joints.

A)hyperextends
B)flexes
C)abducts
D)extends
E)rotates

Question 57

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints,except

A)flexion.
B)rotation.
C)dorsiflexion.
D)lateral flexion.
E)extension.

Question 58

Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion?

A)coracohumeral
B)coracoacromial
C)coracoclavicular
D)glenohumeral
E)acromioclavicular

Question 59

Which of the following types of joints is monaxial,but capable of only rotation?

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)pivot

Question 60

Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 61

Figure 9-1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "2."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 62

Figure 9-2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"?

A)fibrocartilage
B)synovial membrane
C)articular cartilage
D)bone tissue
E)dense connective tissue

Question 63

A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by

A)loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity.
B)slippage of the fibrocartilage disc.
C)ossification of the vertebral disc.
D)protrusion of the nucleus pulposus.
E)transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage.

Question 64

Nodding your head "yes" is an example of

A)lateral and medial rotation.
B)circumduction.
C)flexion and extension.
D)pronation and supination.
E)protraction and retraction.

Question 65

Figure 9-2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "2."

A)serous membrane
B)synovial membrane
C)joint capsule
D)periosteum
E)intracapsular ligament

Question 66

The elbow joint is extremely stable because

A)the ulna and humerus interlock.
B)the articular capsule is thin.
C)the capsule lacks ligaments.
D)several muscles support the joint capsule.
E)the joint lacks bursae.

Question 67

Figure 9-1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "1."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 68

Figure 9-2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure at label "1."

A)meniscus
B)bursa
C)articular cartilage
D)synovial membrane
E)joint cavity

Question 69

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the

A)coronoid process.
B)radial tuberosity.
C)olecranon process.
D)medial epicondyle.
E)lateral epicondyle.

Question 70

All of the following statements are true,except one.Identify the exception.

A)The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder joint.
B)The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint.
C)The tighter two bones are held together within a joint,the stronger the joint.
D)The more movement a joint allows,the stronger the joint.
E)The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.

Question 71

Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in

A)flexion of the forearm.
B)extension of the forearm.
C)abduction of the forearm.
D)adduction of the forearm.
E)rotation of the shoulder.

Question 72

Figure 9-1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "5."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 73

Figure 9-1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "3."

A)hinge
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 74

The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to

A)reinforce the joint capsule.
B)limit the range of movements.
C)allow biaxial movement.
D)allow monaxial movement.
E)reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements.

Question 75

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint.

A)hip
B)shoulder
C)elbow
D)knee
E)wrist

Question 76

Figure 9-2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrous cartilage?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 77

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?

A)elevation
B)abduction
C)flexion
D)pronation
E)circumduction

Question 78

Figure 9-2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "5."

A)serous membrane
B)synovial membrane
C)joint capsule
D)periosteum
E)intracapsular ligament

Question 79

Figure 9-1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "4."

A)hinge
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 80

A herniated disc occurs when the

A)nucleus pulposus breaks through the anulus fibrosus.
B)disc slips out from between the adjacent vertebrae.
C)adjacent bones fuse.
D)knee is hyperextended.
E)inner core of the disc is squeezed to one side.