Deck 9: Joints

Question 1

Bursae are found in all of the following areas except

A)tendon sheaths.
B)beneath the skin covering a bone.
C)within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure.
D)around blood vessels.
E)around many synovial joints.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

A)suture.
B)gomphosis.
C)synchondrosis.
D)synotosis.
E)syndesmosis.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged?

A)The matrix begins to break down.
B)The exposed surface appears rough.
C)Friction in the joint increases.
D)Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The intervertebral disc joint is called a

A)synarthrosis.
B)glide joint.
C)condylar joint.
D)synchondrosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 5

A suture is an example of a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)symphysis.
D)diarthrosis.
E)amphiarthrosis.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?

A)shock absorption
B)increases osmotic pressure within joint
C)lubrication
D)provides nutrients
E)protects articular cartilages

Question 7

An epiphyseal line is an example of a

A)gomphosis.
B)synchondrosis.
C)synostosis.
D)symphysis.
E)syndesmosis.

Question 8

A synovial joint is an example of a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)amphiarthrosis.
C)diarthrosis.
D)symphysis.
E)syndesmosis.

Question 9

A ligamentous connection such as an antebrachial interosseous membrane is called a

A)syndesmosis.
B)symphysis.
C)synchondrosis.
D)synostosis.
E)gomphosis.

Question 10

Which of the following is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints?

A)suture
B)gomphosis
C)synchondrosis
D)synostosis
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the

A)ribs with the sternum.
B)radius and the ulna.
C)femur with the acetabulum.
D)atlas and the axis.
E)navicular bone with the cuniform bones.

Question 12

A joint where bones fuse together with bone tissue is called a

A)synchondrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)synostosis.
D)symphysis.
E)suture.

Question 13

Joints in which the bones are closely fitted are

A)weak joints with restricted movement.
B)strong joints with restricted movement.
C)strong and free-moving joints.
D)synovial joints.
E)joints in the limbs that function for locomotion.

Question 14

An immovable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)syndesmosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 15

There is limited movement between the ribs and the sternum.Such joints are classified structurally as

A)amphiarthroses.
B)symphyses.
C)diarthroses.
D)hemiarthroses.
E)synarthroses.

Question 16

A slightly movable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)gomphosis.
E)synostosis.

Question 17

Dense fibrous connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n)

A)amphiarthrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)synostosis.
D)synchondrosis.
E)gomphosis.

Question 18

Joints can be classified structurally as

A)bony.
B)fibrous.
C)cartilaginous.
D)synovial.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

A freely movable joint is a(n)

A)synarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)amphiarthrosis.
D)syndesmosis.
E)symphysis.

Question 20

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

A)fibrous cartilage.
B)dense regular connective tissue.
C)periodontal ligament.
D)rigid cartilaginous bridge.
E)completely fused.

Question 21

Ankle extension is also called

A)dorsiflexion.
B)inversion.
C)eversion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)protraction.

Question 22

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrous cartilage?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 23

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward,called

A)eversion.
B)protraction.
C)dorsiflexion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)inversion.

Question 24

The surface of articular cartilage is

A)slick.
B)flat.
C)smooth.
D)rough.
E)both slick and smooth.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a property of articular cartilage?

A)covered by perichondrium
B)lubricated by synovial fluid
C)enclosed by an articular capsule
D)similar to hyaline cartilage
E)smooth,low-friction surface

Question 26

The knuckle joint is classified as a ________ joint.

A)condylar
B)hinge
C)glide
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 27

Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle.Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident?

A)A bursa is damaged and leaks synovial fluid.
B)A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged
C)Articulating bones are forced out of position and ligaments are torn.
D)Dislocation of the ankle occurs.
E)The tibia is broken and must be set in a cast.

Question 28

Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage?

A)There is no perichondrium.
B)The matrix contains more water than other cartilages.
C)Surfaces are normally slick and smooth.
D)It is composed of cartilage similar to hyaline cartilage.
E)It secretes synovial fluid.

Question 29

The joint between the forearm bones and the wrist is a ________ joint.

A)saddle
B)glide
C)hinge
D)condylar
E)pivot

Question 30

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure at label " 1."

A)meniscus
B)bursa
C)articular cartilage
D)synovial membrane
E)joint cavity

Question 31

Pronation is defined as

A)a rolling of the distal epiphysis of the radius over the ulna.
B)a twisting of the ulna medially.
C)twisting the forearm so that the palms face anteriorly.
D)the shortening of the angle between the radius and the humerus.
E)movement of the mandible anteriorly,as seen when biting the upper lip.

Question 32

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "5."

A)serous membrane
B)synovial membrane
C)joint capsule
D)periosteum
E)intracapsular ligament

Question 33

Degenerative changes in a joint can be the result of all of the following except

A)bursitis.
B)bacterial infection.
C)mechanical stress.
D)immobilization of the joint.
E)inflammation.

Question 34

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"?

A)fibrocartilage
B)synovial membrane
C)articular cartilage
D)bone tissue
E)dense connective tissue

Question 35

Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints?

A)freely movable
B)lined by a secretory epithelium
C)covered by a serous membrane
D)contain synovial fluid
E)covered by a capsule

Question 36

The ankle joint is an example of a(n)________ joint.

A)condylar
B)saddle
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)gliding

Question 37

A movement away from the midline of the body is called

A)inversion.
B)abduction.
C)adduction.
D)flexion.
E)extension.

Question 38

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

A)rotation.
B)opposition.
C)circumduction.
D)eversion.
E)retraction.

Question 39

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "2."

A)serous membrane
B)synovial membrane
C)joint capsule
D)periosteum
E)intracapsular ligament

Question 40

Which of the following is not considered an accessory synovial structure?

A)fat pads
B)menisci
C)tendons
D)bursae
E)synovial membrane

Question 41

Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is

A)circumduction.
B)eversion.
C)inversion.
D)plantar flexion.
E)dorsiflexion.

Question 42

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

A)hand.
B)arm.
C)foot.
D)leg.
E)hip.

Question 43

Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)pivot

Question 44

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a ________ joint.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)pivot

Question 45

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

A)inversion.
B)plantar flexion.
C)eversion.
D)dorsiflexion.
E)pronation.

Question 46

Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)ball-and-socket
D)condylar
E)hinge

Question 47

Which of the following types of joints is monaxial,but capable of only rotation?

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket
E)pivot

Question 48

The intercarpal articulations are ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)condylar
C)hinge
D)gliding
E)ball-and-socket

Question 49

In a triaxial articulation,

A)movement can occur in all three axes.
B)movement can occur in only two axes.
C)movement can occur in only one axis.
D)only circumduction is possible.
E)no movement is possible.

Question 50

The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints.

A)saddle
B)pivot
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)gliding

Question 51

Curling into the "fetal position" ________ the intervertebral joints.

A)hyperextends
B)flexes
C)abducts
D)extends
E)rotates

Question 52

The elbow joint is an example of a(n)________ joint.

A)saddle
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)hinge
E)pivot

Question 53

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

A)elbow
B)knee
C)ankle
D)wrist
E)shoulder

Question 54

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?

A)dorsiflexion
B)plantar flexion
C)inversion
D)rotation
E)eversion

Question 55

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints except

A)hinge.
B)gliding.
C)rolling.
D)saddle.
E)pivot.

Question 56

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

A)double-jointed.
B)extension.
C)flexion.
D)rotation.
E)hyperextension.

Question 57

Which of the following movements is a good example of supination?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 58

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 59

The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are

A)condylar joints.
B)saddle joints.
C)pivot joints.
D)hinge joints.
E)condyloid joints.

Question 60

The radiocarpal joint is a(n)________ joint.

A)saddle
B)immovable
C)hinge
D)gliding
E)condylar

Question 61

Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in

A)flexion of the forearm.
B)extension of the forearm.
C)abduction of the forearm.
D)adduction of the forearm.
E)rotation of the shoulder.

Question 62

The elbow joint is extremely stable because

A)the ulna and humerus interlock.
B)the articular capsule is thin.
C)the capsule lacks ligaments.
D)several muscles support the joint capsule.
E)the joint lacks bursae.

Question 63

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?

A)elevation
B)abduction
C)flexion
D)pronation
E)circumduction

Question 64

Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion?

A)coracohumeral
B)coracoacromial
C)coracoclavicular
D)glenohumeral
E)acromioclavicular

Question 65

A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by

A)loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity.
B)slippage of the fibrocartilage disc.
C)ossification of the vertebral disc.
D)protrusion of the nucleus pulposus.
E)transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage.

Question 66

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the

A)coronoid process.
B)radial tuberosity.
C)olecranon process.
D)medial epicondyle.
E)lateral epicondyle.

Question 67

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint.

A)hip
B)shoulder
C)elbow
D)knee
E)wrist

Question 68

Figure 9-2 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "2."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 69

Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 70

A herniated disc occurs when the

A)nucleus pulposus breaks through the anulus fibrosus.
B)disc slips out from between the adjacent vertebrae.
C)adjacent bones fuse.
D)knee is hyperextended.
E)inner core of the disc is squeezed to one side.

Question 71

Figure 9-2 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "3."

A)hinge
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 72

Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 73

Figure 9-2 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label " 1."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 74

The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to

A)reinforce the joint capsule.
B)limit the range of movements.
C)allow biaxial movement.
D)allow monaxial movement.
E)reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements.

Question 75

Figure 9-2 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "5."

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)gliding
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 76

Nodding your head "yes" is an example of

A)lateral and medial rotation.
B)circumduction.
C)flexion and extension.
D)pronation and supination.
E)protraction and retraction.

Question 77

Figure 9-2 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 9-2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "4."

A)hinge
B)gliding
C)condylar
D)saddle
E)pivot

Question 78

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints except

A)flexion.
B)rotation.
C)dorsiflexion.
D)lateral flexion.
E)extension.

Question 79

Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?

A)opening the mouth
B)turning the hand palm upward
C)extreme bending of the head backwards
D)moving the hand toward the shoulder
E)spreading the fingers

Question 80

Which of the following is false?

A)The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder joint.
B)The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint.
C)The tighter two bones are held together within a joint,the stronger the joint.
D)The more movement a joint allows,the stronger the joint.
E)The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.