Deck 16: A New Birth of Freedom, 1862-1865

Question 1

The single bloodiest day in American history took place at what Maryland battlefield?

A)Shiloh
B)Wilderness
C)Antietam
D)Chancellorsville
E)Fort Sumter

Answer 1

Antietam

Question 2

Grant's strategy as general-in-chief was to

A)make occasional probes against the enemy and then quickly retreat.
B)take Richmond.
C)make constant attacks against Confederate forces on all fronts.
D)avoid an all-out military showdown.
E)starve the citizens of the Confederacy until they surrendered.

Answer 2

make constant attacks against Confederate forces on all fronts.

Question 3

Initially, black troops were recruited in the North in order to

A)make it clear that this was a war about equal rights.
B)show the ability of black troops.
C)inspire slave insurrections in the South.
D)free up white men for domestic jobs.
E)answer the need for more troops.

Answer 3

answer the need for more troops.

Question 4

The Confederate strategy for winning the war in 1864 included

A)a full-scale invasion of the North in order to take control of the border states.
B)besieging Washington, DC and capturing Abraham Lincoln and his cabinet.
C)the assassination of Lincoln and the leading Union Generals Grant and Sherman.
D)continuing the war long enough to wear down the North's will to fight.
E)mobilizing their European allies to fight.

Question 5

The prisoner-of-war issue became a serious problem

A)after the Union began organizing regiments of former slaves.
B)during the election of 1864.
C)after the original prison compounds filled up.
D)because of both sides' plans for mass executions of prisoners.
E)when the Union began deporting prisoners to Mexico.

Question 6

By 1863, Confederate President Jefferson Davis

A)had become a very popular and heroic figure.
B)had the complete support of Confederate governors.
C)was an able commander-in-chief.
D)had been executed.
E)was losing respect and support throughout the South.

Question 7

The Thirteenth Amendment

A)gave citizenship to freed slaves.
B)ended slavery.
C)took the vote away from Confederate officials.
D)outlawed segregation.
E)gave women the vote.

Question 8

How was Fredrick Douglass associated with the 54th Massachusetts Infantry?

A)He suggested its formation.
B)He was a major in it.
C)It was dedicated to him.
D)He was critical about how it was deployed.
E)Two of his sons served in it.

Question 9

At Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee

A)ordered the destruction of the town in retaliation for the townspeople's disloyalty.
B)lost fewer men than the Union did.
C)was uncharacteristically hesitant in engaging in battle.
D)was drunk in his tent during the battle.
E)had come to believe in the invincibility of his army.

Question 10

The Emancipation Proclamation

A)ended slavery in the border states.
B)officially ended slavery in the United States.
C)ended slavery in areas in rebellion.
D)ended slavery in Confederate states under Union occupation.
E)ended slavery only in national territories.

Question 11

The Southern prison camp where 13,000 Union soldiers died was

A)Shiloh.
B)Andersonville.
C)Franklin.
D)Shenandoah.
E)Chickamauga

Question 12

The race riots of the summer of 1863 were a result of

A)the Emancipation Proclamation.
B)the draft.
C)Confederate victories at Chancellorsville.
D)decreasing support for Lincoln.
E)black migration from the South.

Question 13

The peace initiatives of 1864 failed because

A)by this time neither side was willing to compromise on the issues of secession and slavery.
B)the South believed Ulysses S. Grant was an incompetent drunk who could not possibly defeat Robert E. Lee.
C)Lincoln was bitter over the rising Union casualty rate and wanted to kill as many Confederates as possible.
D)the Northern press and public totally opposed any attempt to reconcile with the South.
E)Lincoln was too anxious to compromise with the South.

Question 14

Through 1864, Northerners were ____ about the war effort.

A)frustrated
B)suspicious
C)confident
D)confused
E)angry

Question 15

The 54th Massachusetts Infantry was

A)a black regiment that fought bravely and suffered heavy casualties at Fort Wagner.
B)the only black battalion in the Union Army.
C)the honor guard for President Lincoln.
D)commanded by William Tecumseh Sherman at Vicksburg.
E)responsible for the Union victory at Gettysburg.

Question 16

At the beginning of the Civil War most Northerners

A)hoped to add Mexican territory to the Union.
B)were indifferent to the issues.
C)were divided by the issues regarding slavery.
D)felt that the South should be allowed to secede.
E)agreed they were fighting to preserve the Union.

Question 17

General McClellan was known for being

A)aggressive.
B)risk taking.
C)bold.
D)cautious.
E)fast.

Question 18

The most celebrated black regiment in the Union army was the

A)10th Maine.
B)54th Massachusetts.
C)7th New York.
D)39th Illinois.
E)Texas 5th.

Question 19

In mid-1863, the main problem faced by the Confederacy was

A)poor military and governmental leadership.
B)low morale.
C)threat of slave revolts.
D)food shortages and hyperinflation.
E)inability to dispatch troops to fight the north directly.

Question 20

The Twenty Negro Law

A)replaced the three-fifths rule as the method of counting slaves for representation purposes.
B)gave a draft exemption for one white man on each plantation that owned at least twenty slaves.
C)provided that no more than twenty Negroes per week could be liberated by the Union Army.
D)assigned free blacks and fugitive slaves to white military units in groups of twenty or more.
E)required each plantation to sent twenty Negroes to help the army.

Question 21

As a result of the Confederate victory at Chancellorsville Which battle did Grant say he regretted more than any other?

A)Chancellorsville.
B)Vicksburg.
C)Gettysburg.
D)Atlanta.
E)Cold Harbor

Question 22

In 1863 peace candidates in the Confederacy

A)were overwhelmingly defeated.
B)won both houses of Congress.
C)made significant gains.
D)were all arrested for treason.
E)joined the Republican party.

Question 23

Early in the war, Frederick Douglass argued that

A)the South should be allowed to secede so that the North could become truly dedicated to equality.
B)foreign aid would be necessary to win the war.
C)Union commanders must return slaves to their masters until a decision was made for emancipation.
D)Lincoln should be impeached for his refusal to issue an emancipation proclamation.
E)the North must fight a war against slavery as well as against slaveholders.

Question 24

The Confederate government passed a bill that recruited slaves to fight for the South.

Question 25

In the North Democrats generally

A)supported the draft.
B)did not take a stand on the draft.
C)pushed for a provision that allowed wealthy men to buy their way out of the draft.
D)supported the draft for blacks but not for whites.
E)opposed the draft.

Question 26

Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by an unstable Confederate supporter.

Question 27

Once President Lincoln had decided to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, he delayed

A)hoping for a military victory.
B)expecting the South to surrender.
C)until a new Union commander could be found who would support his decision.
D)until after the election of 1864.
E)until the British entered the war.

Question 28

One could avoid the draft in the South legally if

A)they owned 20 slaves.
B)they owned $50,000 worth of taxable property.
C)their family was already serving.
D)the majority of the male population of the town was already serving.
E)if they had a religious justification for doing so.

Question 29

The Emancipation Proclamation ended slavery immediately.

Question 30

In the end, Copperheads wanted

A)the South to win.
B)peace.
C)emancipation of all slaves.
D)a prolonging of the war.
E)a stable hard currency.

Question 31

The Morrill Land-Grant College Act

A)established colleges for the freed slaves.
B)created a national university.
C)provided scholarships for poor students.
D)created technical colleges in the North.
E)gave states land to fund colleges.

Question 32

In 1862, Lincoln relied on force to keep the border states in line.

Question 33

Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus in order to

A)arrest deserters from the Union army.
B)hold fugitive slaves without bail.
C)arrest rioters and antiwar activists.
D)execute Confederate commanders.
E)arrest his political opponents.

Question 34

All except which of the following were results of the Civil War?

A)Slavery was abolished.
B)The concept of secession was discredited.
C)Power in national politics was transferred from the South to the North.
D)The states' rights philosophy was upheld.
E)The South was left impoverished.

Question 35

The Confederate government's position on the recruitment of slaves for the Southern armies was

A)never seriously considered.
B)to assign each Confederate battalion one regiment of noncombat black troops to do menial jobs.
C)to finally authorize the recruitment of slaves as soldiers just weeks before the war ended.
D)approved by the Confederate Congress but the bill was vetoed by Jefferson Davis.
E)to use slaves to fight for the Confederacy from the beginning of the war.

Question 36

Bounty jumpers were men who

A)changed political parties for a bribe.
B)deserted the Confederacy and joined the Union army.
C)enlisted for the bounty and then deserted.
D)were slaves who left the plantations to join the Union army.
E)supported the abolition of slavery.

Question 37

In both Northern and Southern prisoner of war camps,

A)prisoners were held for an average of five months and then exchanged or released.
B)thousands died from exposure, overcrowding, and malnutrition.
C)at least half of the prisoners were executed for trying to escape.
D)the International Red Cross assured that prisoners were treated humanely.
E)few prisoners were taken and so the camps were unnecessary.

Question 38

"Copperheads" were

A)fugitive slaves who came into Union army camps.
B)Republicans who opposed Lincoln because he refused to emancipate the slaves.
C)Peace Democrats.
D)Union army commanders who adopted the tactic of total war the South.
E)abolitionists.

Question 39

All of the following were major challenges the South faced in 1864 except

A)food shortages
B)loss of all significant generals
C)inflation
D)military defeats
E)political discontent

Question 40

Many Southerners succumbed to defeatism in the winter of 1863-64.

Question 41

Northern enlisted soldiers were expected to fight for the duration of the war.

Question 42

Throughout 1861, both Southern and Northern leaders attempted to keep the issue of slavery out of the war.

Question 43

Lincoln believed that issuing an emancipation proclamation was a military necessity.

Question 44

The Democratic Party's 1864 platform called for an immediate cessation of hostilities.

Question 45

Sherman burned roughly two-thirds of Atlanta during his march through the city.

Question 46

In Georgia, Hood's army kept Union General Sherman from taking two railroads leading into Atlanta from the South.

Question 47

Black soldiers captured by the Confederate army were typically exchanged quickly with Union officials for white Confederate prisoners of war.

Question 48

Women took matters into their own hands at times in the South to secure food.

Question 49

The Emancipation Proclamation exempted border states.

Question 50

President Lincoln "deputized" newspaper editor Horace Greeley, authorizing him to meet with Confederate agents at Niagara Falls to discuss a possible peace with the Confederacy.

Question 51

Lincoln supported the order of Major General John C. Fremont freeing the slaves of all Confederate sympathizers in Missouri.

Question 52

The North instituted conscription before the South.

Question 53

A few black laborers in the South had unofficially fought for the Confederacy alongside their masters.

Question 54

The border states voted in favor of compensated emancipation.

Question 55

The Emancipation Proclamation radically enlarged the purpose of the Civil War.

Question 56

The Union's conscription law was designed more to encourage volunteers to come forward than it was to draft men directly.

Question 57

It was pragmatism more than principle that pushed the North toward black recruitment.

Question 58

Contrabands of war were maxim rifles.

Question 59

During the Civil War, Lincoln violated the civil rights of antiwar activists by having them arrested and held without trial.

Question 60

Lincoln's preliminary emancipation proclamation came as a total surprise.

Question 61

Lincoln won the election of 1864 by a narrow electoral margin.

Question 62

The state elections in the fall of 1863 were a powerful endorsement of the administration's emancipation policy.

Question 63

The ____________________ Act granted a farmer 160 acres of land after he had lived on it for five years.

Question 64

With Lincoln's reelection to the presidency, Confederate President Jefferson Davis began supporting surrender.

Question 65

Northern Democrats supported enlisting black troops to serve in the Union army.

Question 66

Women had few opportunities for advancement during the war.

Question 67

Between 1860 and 1870 the South's share of the national wealth dropped from 30 percent to ____________________.

Question 68

Those Northerners who favored peace with the South at almost any cost were referred to as ____________________.

Question 69

The peace terms that Ulysses S. Grant dictated to Robert E. Lee at Appomattox were usually harsh.

Question 70

Jefferson Davis experienced little public criticism in the South.

Question 71

Sherman's march through Georgia encountered little resistance.

Question 72

The Union victory at Atlanta improved Lincoln's prospects for victory in 1864.

Question 73

During the battle of Antietam, soldiers found a copy of McClellan's deployment orders.

Question 74

Several Southern black regiments fought during the Civil War.

Question 75

The Confederate incursion into Maryland in September 1862 went well at the start.

Question 76

The commander of the Union Army who "marched to the sea" was ____________________.

Question 77

The planter class was underrepresented in the Confederate army.

Question 78

Lincoln decided in July 1862 to issue an emancipation proclamation.

Question 79

An order issued by a judge to law enforcement officers requiring them to bring an arrested person before the court to be charged with a crime is called a writ of ____________________.

Question 80

Lincoln won a higher proportion of the soldier vote than he civilian vote in 1864.