Deck 22: Becoming a World Power, 1898-1917

Question 1

Which of the following was not given as a justification for U.S. expansionism?

A)There was a need for political and economic influence in Africa and Asia.
B)There was a need to civilize other peoples.
C)It was the nation's destiny.
D)The Christian message must be spread.
E)There was a power vacuum in Europe.

Answer 1

There was a power vacuum in Europe.

Question 2

U.S. newspaper accounts of the Cuban-Spanish conflict

A)had no impact on the general public.
B)contributed to the antiwar movement.
C)created a ground swell of support for Spain.
D)triggered a war between the Cuban rebels and the United States.
E)created a ground swell of support for Cuba.

Answer 2

created a ground swell of support for Cuba.

Question 3

The Spanish-American War

A)was a long, drawn-out war.
B)required the United States to make concessions to the Spanish.
C)required Cuba to negotiate with the Philippines.
D)was short and successful for the United States.
E)resulted in no U.S. battle casualties

Answer 3

was short and successful for the United States.

Question 4

In the Treaty of Paris of 1898, the United States

A)recognized Spanish ownership of Wake Island.
B)paid $20 million for the Philippines.
C)promised Spain equal trading rights in Cuba.
D)agreed to grant Puerto Rico its independence.
E)annexed Cuba.

Question 5

All of the following motivated U.S. foreign policy from 1898 to 1917 except a

A)desire to promote goodwill and friendship with other nations.
B)belief in the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race and its responsibility for uplifting inferior races.
C)need for new markets for American goods.
D)belief that the United States could and should become a world power.
E)desire to strengthen the navy.

Question 6

In 1900, the "Boxer Rebellion" in China

A)was a nationalist uprising.
B)demonstrated Chinese support for the open-door notes.
C)was a Japanese-led overthrow of the Chinese government.
D)was proof that the Chinese wanted to establish diplomatic ties with Europe.
E)was the beginning of the Communist revolution.

Question 7

Which of the following did Alfred Mahan emphasize?

A)marine core
B)large army
C)coast guard
D)strong navy
E)air force

Question 8

What motivated Americans to want to extend their influence abroad beginning at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries?

A)an increased interest in controlling overseas ports and non U.S. territories.​
B)the desire to expand its economic reach to new markets
C)military maneuvers in Europe
D)All of these choices.​
E)None of these choices.

Question 9

William McKinley's treatment of the Philippines

A)was broadly supported by both imperialists and anti-imperialists.
B)showed his willingness to grant U.S. citizenship to Filipinos.
C)reflected his fear that, without a strong U.S. presence, another power would invade.
D)was similar to the U.S. treatment of Hawaii.
E)indicated that he wanted statehood for the Philippines.

Question 10

Regarding Cuba, William McKinley's intent was to

A)back Cuba in a war with Spain.
B)back Spain in a war with Cuba.
C)encourage Spain to make concessions to the Cuban rebels.
D)encourage Cubans in their efforts to overthrow the rebel government.
E)annex Cuba.

Question 11

All of the following were conditions of the Platt Amendment except that Cuba

A)could not make treaties with foreign powers.
B)could not impose tariffs on U.S. imports.
C)had to sell or lease land to the U.S. military.
D)had to permit the United States to oversee Cuban political affairs.
E)none of these choices

Question 12

The 1907 "gentlemen's agreement" between the United States and Japan​

A)​was precipitated by an anti-immigrant riot in Los Angeles.
B)​had Tokyo promising to halt male immigration if the U.S. promised anti-Japanese discrimination measures in California.
C)​was a binding friendship pact against waging war against each other.
D)​pledged U.S. support for Japan's actions in Manchuria in exchange for Japanese assistance in the Philippines.
E)​None of these choices.

Question 13

When the United States annexed Puerto Rico, the intent was

A)to allow Puerto Ricans to govern themselves.
B)to encourage Puerto Rico to seek statehood.
C)to rule the island and its inhabitants.
D)to establish cooperative governance between the United States and Puerto Rico.
E)to pave the way for returning the island to Spanish rule.

Question 14

William McKinley ordered the Maine into Havana's harbor in order to

A)protect U.S. citizens in Cuba.
B)threaten the Spanish.
C)threaten the Cubans.
D)start a war.
E)bring refugees to the U.S.

Question 15

The Panama Canal

A)created a strong sense of unity between the US and Panama.
B)was actually built by the French.
C)was begun under Taft, not Roosevelt.
D)was built without any real consent by the Panamanian people.
E)is still considered fairly insignificant.

Question 16

U.S. foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere after 1900 was

A)defensive geared toward limiting European influence.
B)isolationist.
C)cooperative geared toward building strong relationships with other nations.
D)never criticized by U.S. citizens.
E)aggressive geared toward expanding American influence

Question 17

In his negotiations with Japan following the Russo-Japanese War, Theodore Roosevelt

A)tried to convince Japan to grant sovereignty to eastern nations.
B)believed that Russia was a weaker nation.
C)believed that Japan was entitled to pursue imperialism in the East.
D)attempted to form an alliance with Japan.
E)intended to annex Japan.

Question 18

Woodrow Wilson's policies in Mexico

A)reflected his fear of Mexican self-rule and democracy.
B)were initiated by a desire to protect American investments there.
C)resulted in a fruitful diplomatic relationship with Mexico.
D)reflected his desire to make Mexico an American protectorate.
E)had no impact on Mexican politics.

Question 19

The "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine

A)signified a dramatic change in foreign policy under Teddy Roosevelt.
B)formalized behavior that the United States was already practicing.
C)was geared to mollify the anti-imperialists.
D)was intended to prove that the U.S. was a "good neighbor" to Latin American nations.
E)had no real significance.

Question 20

The U.S. treatment of the Philippines after 1898 can be described as similar to

A)the U.S. treatment of Cuba.
B)Japan's relationship with Russia.
C)Spain's relationship with Cuba.
D)the U.S. treatment of Mexico.
E)U.S. treatment of European nations.

Question 21

Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy included

A)protection of the rights of nonwhite, nonindustrial nations.
B)respect for the sovereignty of Latin American nations.
C)noninterference in the affairs of Western Hemispheric nations.
D)recognition of claims to Russian and Japanese territory.
E)U.S. military action to maintain order and control, often at the expense of social justice.

Question 22

In the Insular Cases, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the mechanism used to control

A)Hawaii.
B)the Philippines.
C)Cuba.
D)Guam
E)Puerto Rico.

Question 23

The United States secured the right to build the Panama Canal by dealing with the

A)director of the French company from which it bought rights to the canal.
B)newly elected government of Panama.
C)government of Colombia.
D)French government.
E)United Nations.

Question 24

Why did the U.S. establish a protectorate over part of Samoa in 1889?​

A)​Business leaders feared encroachments on their investments there.
B)​To thwart Britain and Germany's efforts to weaken American influence on the islands.
C)​To prevent Japanese incursion on the islands.
D)​The islands were a source of income for the U.S.​
E)​To extend the boundaries of the frontier beyond the continental U.S.

Question 25

Spanish minister to Washington, Depuy de Lome outraged U.S. public opinion when he

A)ordered the execution of Cuban rebels.
B)ordered the attack on the U.S. battleship Maine.
C)supported terrorist attacks on the United States.
D)raped an American woman.
E)insulted President McKinley.

Question 26

"Yellow journalism" or the "yellow press"

A)featured shocking and sensational stories designed to appeal to a mass audience.
B)was rejected by leading newspapermen such as Joseph Pulitzer.
C)focused American attention away from the Cuban rebellion at the end of the nineteenth century.
D)disappeared after 1900 because of the increased intelligence and sophistication of the reading public.
E)refers to the use of comic strips.

Question 27

During the Spanish-American War, American racial prejudice caused American leaders to

A)minimize the contributions of black soldiers.
B)cooperate effectively with the light-skinned Cuban rebels.
C)overestimate the capabilities of the Spanish troops.
D)allow unnecessarily harsh punishment of Spanish prisoners.
E)execute only black prisoners of war.

Question 28

Spain agreed to all of the following demands in the spring of 1898 except

A)payment of an indemnity for the Maine.
B)abandoning its concentration camps in Cuba.
C)ending the fighting with the Cuban rebels.
D)committing itself to Cuban independence.
E)relieving "Butcher" Weyler of his command.

Question 29

Theodore Roosevelt built his reputation as a military hero on his participation in​

A)​the American-Filipino conflict.​
B)​the uprising in Cuba.​
C)​the charge up Kettle Hill.​
D)​suppression of rebels in Manchuria.​
E)​None of these choices.

Question 30

The principles embodied in the Roosevelt corollary were applied to all of the following except

A)Hawaii
B)Cuba.
C)Venezuela.
D)the Dominican Republic.
E)none of these choices

Question 31

Which of the following is not a true statement about African American soldiers during the war with Spain?​

A)​They were pivotal to the U.S. success at Santiago.
B)​Theodore Roosevelt hailed their ability as soldiers.
C)​Their service led them to similar combat roles in subsequent conflicts.
D)​After the war, Theodore Roosevelt increasingly downplayed their contributions.
E)​On San Juan Hill, they were racially intermixed with white troops.

Question 32

When the Colombian legislature rejected as insufficient President Roosevelt's offer for the canal zone, Roosevelt

A)doubled his offer.
B)encouraged Panamanians to revolt against Colombia.
C)asked Congress to declare war on Colombia.
D)sought French help in negotiating with Colombia.
E)gave up the idea of building a canal.

Question 33

Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for which of the following?

A)building the Panama Canal
B)his peace efforts in Venezuela.
C)negotiating between Russia and Japan to end their war.
D)endorsing the Platt Amendment.
E)his Corollary.

Question 34

As a possession of the United States, Puerto Ricans

A)enjoy no rights as U.S. citizens.
B)do not have the right to elect their own governor.
C)have a poverty rate far greater than that of the mainland.
D)immediately launched a bloody war for their independence.
E)insisted on re-establishing their relationship with Spain.

Question 35

The first challenge to Hay's open door policy came from which of the following nations?

A)Cuba.
B)China.
C)Japan.
D)Germany.
E)France.

Question 36

Following the Spanish American War Cuba

A)became economically dependent on the United States.
B)enjoyed full political independence.
C)was annexed to the United States.
D)decided through democratic procedures to accept its position as a U.S. protectorate.
E)became economically dependent on Spain.

Question 37

As an imperial power, the United States successfully

A)created the largest, most modern navy in the world.
B)expanded its military and economic influence in Asia and the Western Hemisphere.
C)supported self-government and civil rights in its colonies.
D)acquired an empire that ruled over one-fourth of the world's population.
E)expanded its control to Africa.

Question 38

The Teller Amendment declared

A)war on Spain.
B)that the United States would not use war to acquire Cuban territory.
C)that Cuba could not make treaties with foreign powers.
D)the U.S. support for Japan in the war against Russia.
E)the independence of the Philippines.

Question 39

The chief threat to U.S. "Open Door" policy and maintaining the balance of power in Asia came from

A)Britain and France.
B)Germany.
C)Japan and Russia.
D)Russia and Britain.
E)Italy.

Question 40

Roosevelt's Corollary

A)scaled back the Monroe Doctrine.
B)built upon the Monroe Doctrine.
C)was embraced by most Latin American nations.
D)focused solely on military issues.
E)gave the U.S. special economic privileges in Cuba.

Question 41

The United States completely stayed out of China's Boxer Rebellion.

Question 42

Mexican president Venustiano Carranza welcomed U.S. guidance in shaping his government.

Question 43

In his "gentleman's agreement" with the Japanese, President Roosevelt agreed to

A)end anti-Japanese discrimination.
B)accept increased numbers of Japanese workers' entrance into the U.S.
C)lift his opposition to Japanese expansion in East Asia.
D)withdraw U.S. troops from Tokyo Bay.
E)recognize the rebel government in Japan.

Question 44

The Monroe Doctrine established the principle that the Western Hemisphere is a U.S. sphere of influence.

Question 45

The United States made no pretense of allowing Puerto Rican self-rule at the time of the island's annexation.

Question 46

Woodrow Wilson expressed no interest in Mexican political affairs.

Question 47

The Negro cavalries in the Spanish-American War were known as "the Rough Riders."

Question 48

Queen Liliuokalani was dethroned by American businessmen in Hawaii.

Question 49

By the end of the Spanish-American War, U.S. troops had invaded Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

Question 50

Most of the U.S. casualties in the Spanish-American War were the result of battlefield wounds.

Question 51

Which of the following was not an anti-imperialist?​

A)​Mark Twain
B)​Andrew Carnegie
C)​Grover Cleveland
D)​Samuel Gompers
E)​Alfred Mahan

Question 52

When the dictator of Nicaragua began negotiating with Europe to build a second canal the United States

A)paid that country $20 million dollars to cease negotiations.
B)assassinated him.
C)encouraged the negotiations, knowing that competition would lead to better service.
D)paid the European country to withdraw its offer.
E)sent the Marines to overthrow his regime

Question 53

Many people died building the Panama Canal from

A)smallpox.
B)bubonic plague.
C)yellow fever.
D)the flu.
E)typhoid.

Question 54

U.S. soldiers in the Spanish-American War were surprised to find that their Cuban allies were primarily dark-skinned and poorly outfitted.

Question 55

The explosion of the battleship Maine resulted in the U.S. declaration of war on Spain.

Question 56

Some of Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy initiatives were founded on the claim of Anglo-Saxon superiority.

Question 57

The Root-Takahira Agreement of 1908

A)accepted Japanese domination of Korea.
B)ended Japanese occupation of Manchuria.
C)accepted Japanese expansion into Manchuria.
D)ended the conflict between Russia and Japan.
E)recognized the independence of China.

Question 58

The Filipino people had no one leader to fight against the United States.

Question 59

Multinational corporations were fixtures in the U.S. economy by 1915.

Question 60

The United States gave up ownership and control of the Panama Canal in the year 2000.

Question 61

William Howard Taft's secretary of state, Philander C. Knox, had extensive diplomatic expertise.

Question 62

American soldiers held racist attitudes toward the Cuban guerrillas.

Question 63

Export trade with East Asia exceeded expectations between 1880 and 1914.

Question 64

The United States annexed Hawaii shortly before the war with Spain began.

Question 65

Neither Theodore Roosevelt nor Woodrow Wilson was bothered by the exercise of imperial power.

Question 66

Theodore Roosevelt believed that all nations had the right to sovereignty and self-rule.

Question 67

The Treaty of Paris barely won Senate ratification in 1899.

Question 68

U.S. officials planned from the beginning to transform the Philippines into another state, rather than prepare them for independence.

Question 69

William Howard Taft had no foreign policy experience when he became president.

Question 70

Panama's 1903 revolution against Colombia was a spontaneous event in which the United States played absolutely no role.

Question 71

The United States achieved its major objectives in world affairs.

Question 72

The anti-imperialists were motivated purely by altruism.

Question 73

Frederick Jackson Turner's "frontier thesis" has stood the test of time.

Question 74

Frederick Jackson Turner published his "frontier thesis" at a time of national prosperity.

Question 75

Few American men volunteered for war with Spain.

Question 76

Theodore Roosevelt unfairly minimized the role of African-American troops during the Spanish-American War.

Question 77

Because of their brave service during the Spani​sh-American War, black troops were placed in combat roles during World War I.

Question 78

Every presidential administration from the 1880s on committed itself to a "big navy" policy.

Question 79

Frederick Jackson Turner argued that living in the wilderness had transformed European settlers into Americans.

Question 80

The 1900 Foraker Act made Puerto Ricans U.S. citizens.