Deck 2: Management Thought: Past and Present

Question 1

Time and motion studies sprang from the contingency management school of theory.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Classical management theory originated in England during the 19th century.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

All management schools of theory originated within the United States.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Maslow developed a needs-based theory of motivation.

Question 5

The idea of specialization emphasized in the classical scientific school has been modified today to avoid the physical and psychological hazards of boring work.

Question 6

Henri Fayol contends that all workers should report to one and only one boss,i.e. ,unity of command.

Question 7

The wise manager learns little from studying the past.

Question 8

The behavioral management theory originated during England's industrial revolution.

Question 9

Abraham Maslow is best known for the fourteen "original" principles of management.

Question 10

The behavioral management school of theory is an extension of sociology,psychology,and anthropology.

Question 11

Theory is a part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles.

Question 12

The "discovery" that all employees are not primarily motivated by tangibles such as money was made during the behavioral school era.

Question 13

Prior to the behavioral school,the employee was not the primary focus of management's concern.

Question 14

The classical administrative school led to the behavioral school.

Question 15

Robert Owen is considered the father of scientific management.

Question 16

Unity of direction means the right to give orders,according to Henri Fayol.

Question 17

All schools of management thought originated within the 20th century.

Question 18

The classical scientific school grew from the classical administrative school.

Question 19

The major limitation of human perspective theory is its complexity.

Question 20

The classical school of management thought emphasizes behavioral applications.

Question 21

"Thinking outside the box" is encourages in contingency theory.

Question 22

The flow of information and how organizations should efficiently be operated was emphasized by the ____________ school of thought.

A)classical administrative
B)systems
C)behavioral
D)contingency

Question 23

Synergy is the decreased effectiveness that results from combined action or cooperation.

Question 24

The branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries is operations management.

Question 25

A management information system is a computer-based system that gives managers the information they need to make decisions.

Question 26

Management science techniques cannot substitute for sound,balanced judgment and management experience.

Question 27

Management science is the study of complex systems of people,money,equipment,and procedure,with the goal of understanding them and improving their effectiveness.

Question 28

__________ used time and motion studies to analyze workers' activities and remove unnecessary movements and causes of fatigue.

A)Abraham Maslow.
B)Henry Ford.
C)Elton Mayo.
D)Frederick W.Taylor.

Question 29

The ability to be flexible and adaptive are managerial attributes within the contingency school.

Question 30

Changes in an organizational system usually do not effect other subsystems or components of that organization.

Question 31

The concept of synergy is attributed to the systems school of theory.

Question 32

A system is a set of interrelated parts that work together to achieve stated goals or to function according to a plan or design.

Question 33

Which of the following individuals is known as the Father of Scientific Management?

A)Frederick Taylor
B)Mary Parker Follett
C)Edwards Deming
D)Elton Mayo

Question 34

The quantitative school of management theory emphasizes on mathematical approaches to management problems.

Question 35

Kaizen is a major component of systems theory.

Question 36

According to systems theory,the components of an enterprise interact to create synergy that can benefit each component and the whole.

Question 37

Some companies have lost sight of customers and quality by being preoccupied with the quantitative management school of theory.

Question 38

The management theory that originated during England's Industrial Revolution,and is defined as a theory that focused on finding the one best way to perform and manage tasks is the:

A)behavioral school.
B)classical management theory.
C)quantitative school.
D)systems theory.

Question 39

The techniques and tools of management science are seldom used to plan,organize,staff,lead,and control production operations.

Question 40

The title,Father of Scientific Management,is often attributed to ___________.

A)Frederick Taylor
B)Frank Gilbreth
C)Henry Metcalf
D)Henry Gantt

Question 41

Some of the most common tools of operations management include the following except:

A)inventory models.
B)break-even analysis.
C)marketing research.
D)production scheduling.

Question 42

Division of work,authority,discipline,and unity of command are some of Henri Fayol's:

A)techniques of control.
B)principles of management.
C)informal communication expressions.
D)quantitative measures.

Question 43

Management "scholars" such as Owen,Mayo,Maslow,and McGregor endorse the ____________ school of theory.

A)behavioral
B)classical
C)quality focus
D)systems

Question 44

The behavioral school of theory focuses upon:

A)products.
B)price.
C)promotion.
D)people.

Question 45

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)is a reflection of the __________ school of thought.

A)behavioral
B)classical administrative
C)contingency
D)quantitative

Question 46

The branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries is called:

A)operations management.
B)quantitative management.
C)industrial management.
D)technical management.

Question 47

From the 1950s into the 1980s,many American managers were preoccupied with lowering costs,maximizing profits,and:

A)short-term thinking.
B)environmental concerns.
C)oversea markets.
D)hiring minorities.

Question 48

Management information systems would best be identified as:

A)people-based.
B)computed-based.
C)accounting-based.
D)production-based.

Question 49

One result of the behavioral school was the creation of positions for professional:

A)technical assistants.
B)advisors.
C)staffing managers.
D)human resource managers.

Question 50

Synergy usually occurs when organizations and their subsystems interact with ____________.

A)external departments or organizations
B)internal departments
C)more than two people
D)many individuals who have the same goal

Question 51

Bureaucratic organizations are associated with the ____________ school of thought.

A)classical administrative
B)systems
C)quantitative
D)contingency

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT true about the Hawthorne studies?

A)workers pressure coworkers to keep production within quotas
B)the studies heightened management's awareness of the social needs
C)when employees are treated with dignity,productivity is increased
D)social pressures by coworkers do not significantly affect individual behavior

Question 53

The theoretical premise that the sum of 1 + 2 + 3 will equal 7 or more is known as:

A)systems awareness.
B)quality effort.
C)synergy.
D)contingency thinking.

Question 54

An organizational system is comprised of all the following except:

A)science.
B)inputs.
C)processing.
D)outputs.

Question 55

The first management theory that gave specific attention and concern to Employees was the ____________ school.

A)classical scientific
B)classical administrative
C)behavioral
D)quantitative

Question 56

A thorough understanding of how a total system works requires an understanding of how:

A)to use statistics.
B)costs affect production.
C)to maximize profits.
D)component parts are interrelated.

Question 57

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS)and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)are socially recognized as:

A)popular.
B)effective and efficient.
C)cost savers.
D)bureaucracies.

Question 58

One phrase that captures the essence of contingency theory is:

A)alls well that ends well
B)it all depends
C)mite makes right
D)speak softly and carry a big stick

Question 59

Within systems theory,employees "down the line" in a series of events or processes are called:

A)internal users.
B)external users.
C)consumers.
D)suppliers.

Question 60

Individual contributors to the classical schools of management thought include all of the following except:

A)Henri Fayol.
B)Mary Parker Follett.
C)Frederick Taylor.
D)Abraham Maslow.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
classical administrative

Question 62

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
operations management

Question 63

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
bureaucracies

Question 64

Which of the following individuals was not considered to be a significant Contributor to the quality management theory/movement?

A)Shewhart
B)Deming
C)Juran
D)Plunkett

Question 65

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
classical scientific school

Question 66

The essence of the quality of any output is the ability to:

A)start with quality inputs
B)train employees on quality control
C)meet the needs of the customer
D)develop quality circles

Question 67

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
contingency school

Question 68

Kaizen,a contemporary Japanese business management term,is associated with:

A)maximizing profits.
B)lowering costs.
C)continuous improvement.
D)classical management.

Question 69

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
operations research

Question 70

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
behavioral school

Question 71

The Japanese philosophy,kaizen,is interpreted to mean:

A)increase profits.
B)lower costs.
C)work harder.
D)continue to improve.

Question 72

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
kaizen

Question 73

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
management science

Question 74

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
quality school

Question 75

A key concept in reengineering is knowing what the company should be doing,based on:

A)the CEO
B)customer demands
C)core competency
D)competition

Question 76

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
classical management theory

Question 77

Management options,variables,and situations characterized the __________ school.

A)classical science
B)contingency
C)systems
D)quantitative

Question 78

Reengineering is also known as:

A)process innovation.
B)internal business improvement.
C)business process redesign.
D)all of the answers are correct.

Question 79

MATCHING
Match the options below with the correct phrases:
a. continuous improvement
b. the school that emphasizes math and measurements
c. a set of interrelated parts that work together
d. rethinking and redesign of business processes
e. rational organizations based on the control of knowledge
f. the theory pursuing "the one best way"
g. the school of variables and unique situations
h. 1 + 1 = more than two (2)
i. the school that emphasizes meeting the needs of the customer
j. the study of complex systems to improve effectiveness
k. models, simulations, games, and other analytical tools are used to optimize performance
l. the branch of management science that applies to manufacturing or service industries
m. the school that emphasizes people
n. the school that focuses upon the flow of information in organizations
o. theory that holds than an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole
p. the school that was mainly concerned with the manufacturing and factory floor environments
q. part of an art or science that attempts to explain the relationships between and among its underlying principles
systems school

Question 80

Quality management or TQM is often referred to as:

A)standard time.
B)span of management.
C)division of labor.
D)continuous improvement.