Deck 23: Endocrine Function

Question 1

A type 2 diabetic patient is admitted to the hospital with a gastrointestinal illness and a blood glucose of 480 mg/dL.After stabilizing the patient,what action by the nurse is best?

A)Educate the patient on safe food handling.
B)Ask if the patient took the diabetic medication.
C)Teach the patient ways to avoid dehydration
D)Delegate frequent blood sugars to the aide.

Answer 1

Ask if the patient took the diabetic medication.

Question 2

A patient has been admitted with new atrial fibrillation.What additional diagnostic testing does the nurse anticipate?

A)Thyroid hormones
B)Platelet count
C)Urinalysis
D)Blood glucose

Answer 2

Thyroid hormones

Question 3

The nurse teaching a 79-year-old with type 2 diabetes about the importance of regular exercise suggests that the patient:

A)swim 10 laps in the community center pool three times a week.
B)enroll in a daily lunch time aerobics class at the senior center.
C)lift 5 pound weights in a routine of 10 repetitions in each arm.
D)walk on the treadmill each morning for 30 minutes.

Answer 3

walk on the treadmill each morning for 30 minutes.

Question 4

A nurse is reviewing possible first-line medications for a new,older type 2 diabetic.What contraindication does the nurse identify for metformin (Glucophage)?

A)Patient drinks three to four alcoholic drinks/day
B)Patient's parents both took insulin
C)Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
D)Potassium 3.8 mEq/dL

Question 5

The nurse is teaching a newly diagnosed diabetic patient about metformin.What information does the nurse include? (Select all that apply. )

A)Alcohol intake should be limited and taken with food.
B)Overweight patients sometimes poorly tolerate metformin.
C)Oral hypoglycemic agents can increase the risk of hyperglycemia.
D)Metformin has been the cause of anorexia in older patients.
E)Oral hypoglycemic agents affect vitamin D absorption.

Question 6

A patient has type 2 diabetes.The family reports the patient has become very forgetful.What response by the nurse is best?

A)"We should assess her for Alzheimer disease."
B)"Forgetfulness is a common sign in diabetes."
C)"Have her blood sugars been under good control?"
D)"Does she recognize you and know your names?"

Question 7

What assessment findings support an older patient's diagnosis of hypothyroidism?

A)A 2-cm wound noted on medial aspect of left foot
B)An apical rate: 98/min
C)A patient report that "I always wear a sweater"
D)A weight loss of 10 pounds over 6 weeks

Question 8

The nurse caring for an older adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus places importance on assessing the patient for:

A)painful nodules on the fingers and toes.
B)reddened rash and brittle nails on the hands.
C)heartburn and flatus after meals.
D)skin temperature and hair growth pattern on the legs.

Question 9

The nurse is preparing to provide an older,newly diagnosed diabetic patient with information regarding type 2 diabetes.The nurse initially:

A)asks if the patient prefers a video or a pamphlet.
B)invites the patient's spouse to be present during the instruction.
C)selects a quiet,well-lighted space for the class.
D)ensures that the patient is pain-free and comfortably seated.

Question 10

The nurse recognizes that an older adult on both antihypertensive and antidepressant drug therapies has a specific need for:

A)regular blood pressure monitoring.
B)an effective history focusing on sexual function.
C)an increase in daily fluid intake.
D)frequent assessment of emotional stability.

Question 11

Aware that older adult patients often present with nonclassic symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus,the nurse is particularly suspicious of a patient reporting:

A)bouts of diarrhea alternating with periods of constipation.
B)recent problems reading and an infected sore on the toe that will not heal.
C)periods of depression and severe indigestion after eating.
D)dizziness when getting up too quickly and a red rash on the hands.

Question 12

The nurse is assessing an older patient with elevated plasma triglyceride levels.What other assessment finding leads the nurse to suspect metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply. )

A)Blood pressure of 148/90 mm Hg
B)A fasting blood glucose of 109 mg/dL
C)Reports of frequent urination
D)Weight measurement of 50 inches
E)HDL level of 52 mg/dL

Question 13

An older patient has osteoporosis and is reluctant to exercise because "I already have a bone problem,so how will it help?" What response by the nurse is best?

A)It can improve posture,balance,and reduce falls.
B)It will give you heart-healthy benefits.
C)Exercise will make you feel younger.
D)If you join a gym,you can socialize with new people.

Question 14

The nurse observes signs that a patient being assessed may have an underactive thyroid.The data supporting this suspicion includes:

A)heat intolerance,low-grade fever,and patchy hair loss.
B)polycythemia,tachycardia,and oral candidiasis.
C)muscle cramps,fatigue,and cold intolerance.
D)increased blood pressure,postural hypotension,and blurred vision.

Question 15

A nurse is preparing to administer metoprolol (Toprol)to an older male patient.What action by the nurse is best regarding endocrine disorders?

A)Administer the medication as ordered.
B)Check the patient's ID using two sources.
C)Say,"Many men experience ED with this drug."
D)Tell the patient to discuss the side effects with his provider.

Question 16

Which assessment findings support the suspicion that an older patient has osteoporosis?

A)The patient's reports an allergy to dairy products.
B)A lactase enzyme is a part of the patient's drug regime.
C)Bones in one of the patient's lower legs are shorter than in the other.
D)The patient is inch shorter than at his or her previous physical.

Question 17

Which documentation demonstrates that the nurse effectively assessed an older adult diabetic patient's cardiac status?

A)radial pulse: 88 and regular
B)carotid pulses equal and strong
C)BP 126/78 recumbent and 122/78 sitting
D)nail beds pale in color

Question 18

The family of a patient who has type 2 diabetes calls the clinic to report a very small sore on the patient's foot.What action by the nurse is best?

A)Have the patient come to the clinic today.
B)Have the family wash and bandage it.
C)Tell the patient to check for a fever.
D)Have the patient go to the emergency room.

Question 19

What assessment findings support a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in the older adult? (Select all that apply. )

A)Tremors
B)Heat intolerance
C)Tachycardia
D)Palpable goiter
E)Atrial fibrillation

Question 20

An older patient has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.What action by the nurse takes priority?

A)Educate the patient on medications.
B)Teach lifestyle changes the patient can manage.
C)Encourage 60 minutes of aerobic activity daily.
D)Instruct the patient on a low-fat diet.

Question 21

The nurse teaches an older patient safety rules for exercising.What do these rules include? (Select all that apply. )

A)Carry medical identification.
B)Check blood glucose before exercising.
C)Drink plenty of water.
D)Have quick-acting glucose.
E)Knowing signs of hyperglycemia.

Question 22

When teaching an older patient about diet therapy,the nurse plans to assess for barriers to adherence,including which factors? (Select all that apply. )

A)Lifelong habits
B)Cultural influences
C)Finances
D)Dependency
E)Inability to learn

Question 23

The nurse assessing patients for diabetes looks for the classic signs,including which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)Polyuria
B)Polycythemia
C)Polydipsia
D)Polyphagia
E)Polyandrony