Deck 2: Models of Child Development, psychopathology, and Treatment

Question 1

The basic tenets of the psychodynamic model have been proven to be invalid.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The authors of this text present the "big theories" of developmental psychopathology.What is the best definition of "big theories"?

A)theories that are most often mentioned in introductory and abnormal psychology courses
B)theories that have been proven valid through experimental research
C)theories that most accurately describe developmental psychopathology
D)theories that have contributed most to the understanding of developmental psychopathology

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Dr.Leak tells her psychology students that the hallucinations experienced by her young patient came on suddenly and could not have been predicted by previous behaviors.Her belief about her patient's illness is most consistent with the _________ model of psychopathology.

A)discontinuous
B)ongoing
C)continuous
D)atypical

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which model of psychopathology considers the role of culture in the development of maladaptive behaviors?

A)humanistic
B)cultural
C)ecological
D)sociocultural

Question 5

The fact that a young child who experiences brain trauma as a young child is more likely to recover language skills than an older adult who experiences the same type of brain trauma may be due to:

A)a healthier immune system.
B)neural plasticity.
C)a healthier brain.
D)neural rewiring.

Question 6

________ models of psychopathology are also known as dimensional models.

Question 7

Which type of therapist would be more likely to focus their treatment on promoting the overall well-being of a child and family?

A)psychodynamic
B)humanistic
C)system
D)behavioral

Question 8

Researchers involved with the Human Genome Project have found that many psychiatric disorders are caused by a single gene.

Question 9

According to the diathesis-stress model,most psychiatric disorders are genetically predetermined.

Question 10

Two-year-old Anthony has suffered a localized head injury that has affected his speech.He is likely to regain his ability to speak due to the process known as neural plasticity.

Question 11

Once a model of psychopathology has been validated,it is unlikely that it will be altered.

Question 12

One of the key assumptions of Glen Elder's model is that:

A)children develop within the social and cultural arrangements of a particular era.
B)children are not as subject to cultural influences as adults.
C)cultures have minimal influence on younger children.
D)children are predestined to develop certain behavioral characteristics.

Question 13

A ________ psychologist would believe that maladaptive patterns of behavior have been learned through reinforcement of those behaviors.

A)behavioral
B)psychodynamic
C)social-cognitive
D)humanistic

Question 14

The more contemporary version of humanistic psychology is known as positive psychology.

Question 15

A child's behavior setting would include their home,class,and neighborhoods.

Question 16

The group of school children who were in New York City during the September 11th attacks on the Trade Center might be considered a ________ because of this shared experience.

A)sample
B)treatment
C)birth cohort
D)control

Question 17

A researcher who is seeking to understanding the role of genetics in the development of childhood schizophrenia might be in the field of:

A)genotype psychology.
B)cognitive psychology.
C)molecular genetics.
D)phenotype genetics.

Question 18

If Maggie's difficulties are viewed as behaviors seen in other children her age,but as more frequent,intense,and detrimental to her development,then her behaviors are seen as continuous.

Question 19

Dr.Kelly tells her student that many of a child's maladaptive behaviors are created and sustained in the prefrontal cortex.Dr.Kelly is most likely lecturing on the ________ model of psychopathology.

Question 20

Lisa's therapist is working with her to help determine at which point in development she became "stuck" in a maladaptive pattern of behaviors.Lisa's therapist most likely is following which model of psychopathology?

A)behavioral
B)cognitive
C)developmental
D)psychodynamic

Question 21

How would the diathesis-stress model describe the onset of schizophrenia in a young child?

Question 22

Describe the difference between shared and nonshared environments.Give an example from your own family of each of these.

Question 23

Mary is a nine-year-old 3rd grader who has been referred to a therapist for treatment of her extreme anxiety that resulted in her refusing to go to school.Describe how a therapist would view and treat Mary's problems if their orientation was the following: a)psychodynamic;b)behavioral;c)humanist;and family.

Question 24

Identify and provide an example of a key focus of family models of development,psychopathology,and treatment.

Question 25

Compare and contrast at least three models of psychopathology in terms of explanation of etiology (cause)and focus of treatment.

Question 26

The construct of birth cohort is similar to the ________ environment of a family.

Question 27

The ________ model of psychopathology emphasizes unconscious processes in the development of maladaptive behavior.

Question 28

Define and give an example of the continuous model of psychopathology.How might this model lead to the better understanding and treatment of psychopathology in children?

Question 29

Stiles (2009)proposes that "brains do not develop normally in the absence of critical genetic signaling,and they do not develop normally in the absence of essential and contingent environmental input." Explain how this statement furthers the understanding of developmental psychopathology.

Question 30

Five-year-old Daniel's older brother,Marcus,has just been diagnosed with autism.From a family model perspective,identify the possible subsystems in Daniel's family and how his brother's diagnosis might affect these subsystems.

Question 31

Parenting style is an example of a family's ________ environment,while sibling relationships are an example of a family's ________ environment.

Question 32

Define and give an example of the discontinuous model of psychology.How might this model lead the better understanding and treatment of psychopathology in children?

Question 33

The statement "Genes are probability,not destiny" highlights the difference between an individual's ________ and ________.

Question 34

Nelson (2011)stated that "both positive and negative experiences can influence the wiring diagram of the brain." Describe what process is being described and give one example of a positive experience and one example of a negative experience that could impact how the brain functions.

Question 35

Dr.Schwiesow,a school psychologist,is observing in a 2nd grade classroom to determine how Samuel's peers are reacting to his increasingly aggressive behavior.She is likely looking for factors that are ________ Samuel's behavior.

Question 36

Describe the key findings of the Human Genome Project as it relates to developmental psychopathology.

Question 37

Community agencies that engage youth in projects such as building homes for disadvantaged citizens are a part of the _________ movement.

Question 38

Thomas (2011)described behaviorism as a two-part process where: 1)a child develops a variety of behaviors and 2)learns to choose between those behaviors based on the rewards (or nonrewards)they receive from performing those behaviors.Give two specific examples of these concepts,identifying the type of behaviors a child of a particular age may have learned and what potential rewards or nonrewards they may obtain from those behaviors.

Question 39

Describe the construct of birth cohort and how that affects development.Identify at least three experiences you and your birth cohorts shared and how that may have affected your development.

Question 40

Compare genotype and phenotype and give two examples of your unique genotype and phenotype.