Deck 17: Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Question 1

Which of the following vessels is not part of the arterial circle (circle of Willis)?

A)Middle cerebral artery
B)Internal carotid artery
C)Posterior communicating artery
D)Anterior cerebral artery

Answer 1

Middle cerebral artery

Question 2

Which dural venous sinus is located within the inner aspect of the longitudinal fissure of the brain?

A)Sigmoid sinus
B)Straight sinus
C)Transverse sinus
D)Superior sagittal sinus

Answer 2

Superior sagittal sinus

Question 3

The right common carotid artery bifurcates into the external and internal carotid arteries at the level of:

A)C1-2.
B)C4.
C)C6-7.
D)T2-3.

Answer 3

C4.

Question 4

Which of the following vessels is NOT a direct branch of the aortic arch?

A)Right common carotid artery
B)Left common carotid artery
C)Brachiocephalic artery
D)Left subclavian artery

Question 5

Which vessel in the brain supplies blood primarily to the anterior portion of the brain?

A)Basilar artery
B)External carotid artery
C)Internal carotid artery
D)Vertebral arteries

Question 6

Where do the openings for the coronary arteries originate?

A)Ascending aorta
B)Aortic arch
C)Aortic bulb (root)
D)Left ventricle of the heart

Question 7

Which vessel carries blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart?

A)Pulmonary vein
B)Pulmonary artery
C)Coronary vein
D)Azygos vein

Question 8

Which of the following vessels do NOT supply blood to the brain?

A)Right common carotid artery
B)Left common carotid artery
C)Vertebral arteries
D)Subclavian arteries

Question 9

Which veins drain blood from the meninges of the brain?

A)Internal jugular veins
B)Vertebral veins
C)Brachiocephalic veins
D)External jugular veins

Question 10

The S-shaped portion of the internal carotid artery is termed the:

A)sigmoid portion.
B)carotid sinus.
C)carotid bifurcation.
D)carotid siphon.

Question 11

Which term describes a variation of the aorta in which the descending aorta is arched to the right?

A)Hyperarched aorta
B)Inverse aorta
C)Pseudocoarctation
D)Situs inversus

Question 12

Which of the branches of the abdominal aorta is considered the most superior?

A)Superior mesenteric artery
B)Inferior mesenteric artery
C)Celiac artery
D)Renal arteries

Question 13

Which element of blood promotes blood clotting?

A)Plasma
B)Leukocytes
C)Platelets
D)Erythrocytes

Question 14

Which two vessels deliver blood to the heart muscle?

A)Right and left pulmonary arteries
B)Right and left pulmonary veins
C)Right and left coronary arteries
D)Right and left cardiac arteries

Question 15

Which vein drains and receives blood from the intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and phrenic veins?

A)Pulmonary vein
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Azygos vein
D)Superior vena cava

Question 16

Which vessel is formed when the vertebral arteries join together at the base of the skull?

A)Basilar artery
B)Middle cerebral artery
C)Anterior cerebral artery
D)Middle meningeal artery

Question 17

Eventually, the external jugular vein connects with the ____ to form the brachiocephalic vein.

A)external jugular vein
B)subclavian vein
C)superior vena cava
D)vertebral vein

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?

A)Producing red blood cells
B)Transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones
C)Removing waste products
D)Maintaining body temperature

Question 19

Which heart valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

A)Pulmonary valve
B)Mitral valve
C)Aortic valve
D)Tricuspid valve

Question 20

Which veins drain blood from the scalp and facial region?

A)Internal jugular veins
B)Vertebral veins
C)Brachiocephalic veins
D)External jugular veins

Question 21

Which of the following conditions contraindicates the use of a femoral approach during cerebral angiography?

A)Arterial aneurysm
B)Obese patient
C)Lack of pulsation in the femoral artery
D)Arteriovenous malformations

Question 22

Which of the following vessels is NOT a typical puncture site for catheterization during angiography?

A)Brachial artery
B)External iliac artery
C)Femoral artery
D)Axillary artery

Question 23

Which of the following arteries is NOT found in the lower limb?

A)Popliteal
B)Deep femoral
C)Dorsalis pedis
D)Deep palmar

Question 24

Venous blood below the diaphragm is returned to the heart by the:

A)splenic vein.
B)inferior vena cava.
C)hepatic portal vein.
D)coronary veins.

Question 25

On the right side of the body, the subclavian artery is a branch of the:

A)brachiocephalic artery.
B)right common carotid artery.
C)right vertebral artery.
D)aortic arch.

Question 26

The contrast medium of choice for angiography is:

A)ionic iodinated.
B)tri-iodinated.
C)nonionic water-soluble iodinated.
D)oil-based iodinated.

Question 27

What is the name of the technique commonly used to introduce a catheter into a vessel?

A)Direct stick
B)Over the needle
C)Myer
D)Seldinger

Question 28

Which imaging modality has largely replaced venograms with no radiation exposure to the patient?

A)Angiography
B)CT
C)Color duplex (color flow Doppler)
D)Nuclear medicine

Question 29

The distal portion of the abdominal aorta will bifurcate into the:

A)common iliac arteries.
B)inferior mesenteric arteries.
C)femoral arteries.
D)renal arteries.

Question 30

The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the abdominal digestive track to the:

A)inferior vena cava.
B)spleen.
C)kidneys.
D)liver.

Question 31

Which vein is most commonly used to draw blood from the arm?

A)Cephalic
B)Basilic
C)Median cubital
D)Brachial

Question 32

Which is the longest vein in the body?

A)Great saphenous vein
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Femoral vein
D)Popliteal vein

Question 33

Which two vessels unite to form the hepatic portal vein?

A)Hepatic and superior mesenteric veins
B)Superior mesenteric and splenic veins
C)Splenic and renal veins
D)Hepatic and splenic veins

Question 34

What is the purpose of a heating device on an electromechanical injector?

A)To sterilize the contrast media
B)To expand the diameter of the catheter
C)To remove any possible air bubbles by heating the contrast media
D)To reduce the viscosity of the contrast media by keeping it near body temperature

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for angiography?

A)Impaired renal function
B)Taking anticoagulant medication
C)Unstable cardiopulmonary status
D)None of the above; all are contraindications.

Question 36

How long should solid food be withheld prior to angiography?

A)1 hour
B)4 hours
C)8 hours
D)12 hours

Question 37

Injection flow rate in angiography is NOT affected by:

A)viscosity of contrast media.
B)length and diameter of catheter.
C)injection pressure.
D)body temperature.

Question 38

Which specific artery provides blood to the pelvic organs, including the bladder, rectum, reproductive organs, and pelvic muscles?

A)Superior mesenteric artery
B)Inferior mesenteric artery
C)Internal iliac artery
D)External iliac artery

Question 39

Which of the following provides blood to the majority of the small intestine and portions of the large intestine?

A)Celiac axis
B)Superior mesenteric artery
C)Inferior mesenteric artery
D)Common iliac arteries

Question 40

Which vessel is the preferred site for arterial puncture for most angiography?

A)Femoral artery
B)Brachial artery
C)Subclavian artery
D)External iliac artery

Question 41

The most common clinical indication for a percutaneous biliary drainage is:

A)infusion therapy.
B)palliative procedure for unresectable malignant disease.
C)biliary stone removal.
D)repair duct that is leaking bile.

Question 42

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Atherosclerotic disease of lower limbs

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 43

Three-dimensional rotational angiography is highly recommended for:

A)arteriovenous malformations.
B)lymph node pathology.
C)cardiomyopathy.
D)pulmonary embolus.

Question 44

Uterine artery embolization is commonly performed to:

A)treat ovarian cancer.
B)treat infertility issues.
C)control life-threatening postpartum bleeding.
D)treat a rectouterine fistulae.

Question 45

Which of the following imaging modalities is recommended for biopsy of small and deep lesions within the abdomen?

A)Doppler ultrasound
B)MRI
C)DSA
D)CT

Question 46

An example of a nonvascular interventional procedure is:

A)nephrostomy.
B)thrombolysis.
C)stent placement.
D)embolization of a vessel.

Question 47

How is neoplastic tissue destroyed during radiofrequency ablation?

A)Freezing the tissue
B)Heating the tissue
C)Applying magnetic energy to the tissue
D)Cutting off blood supply to the tissue

Question 48

To avoid puncturing other organs during percutaneous gastrostomy, the stomach is filled with ____ during the procedure.

A)water-soluble contrast media
B)nitrogen
C)air
D)barium sulfate

Question 49

How long can a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line remain in the patient safely (if properly maintained)?

A)1 week
B)30 days
C)6 months
D)18 months

Question 50

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Stenosis/occlusion of the celiac or mesenteric arteries

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 51

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Arteriovenous malformations

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 52

What type of chemical agent is given to control vascular spasm?

A)Thrombolytic
B)Vasoconstrictor
C)Vasodilator
D)Chemotherapeutic

Question 53

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Study in which a C-arm rotates 180° around patient.

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 54

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Coronary artery disease/angina

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 55

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Pulmonary emboli

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 56

What other contrast media can be given during angiography if the patient is highly allergic to iodinated contrast media?

A)Air
B)Nitrogen
C)CO2
D)Helium

Question 57

Which position is most useful in preventing superimposition of the aortic arch and its branches with other structures during thoracic aortography?

A)AP
B)Lateral
C)45° LAO
D)60° LPO

Question 58

Which of the following arteries is found at the level of the knee?

A)Popliteal
B)Anterior
C)Deep femoral
D)Dorsalis pedis

Question 59

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Evaluation of the aorta for pseudocoarctation

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 60

Which vessel is punctured during a TIPS procedure to access the hepatic portal system?

A)Femoral artery
B)Femoral vein
C)Inferior vena cava
D)Right jugular vein

Question 61

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure for vertebral pain due to instability and compression fractures caused by osteoporosis and/or other reasons

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 62

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure to treat variceal bleeding caused by portal hypertension

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 63

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure wherein a clot or thrombus is disintegrated (lysed)

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 64

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Atypical chest pain

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 65

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure performed to restore and stabilize a compression fracture by placing a balloon device with the body of the vertebra

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 66

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure for patients at high risk for developing pulmonary emboli

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 67

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

Placement of a cagelike metal device in the lumen of a vessel

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 68

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

Cease blood flow to a site of pathology

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 69

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 70

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

A procedure for stone removal, biopsy, dilation of obstructed bile duct, internal and external drainage

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty

Question 71

Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.)

Cranial aneurysm

A)Abdominal angiography
B)Angiocardiography
C)Cerebral angiography
D)Rotational angiography
E)Peripheral angiography
F)Thoracic angiography
G)Pulmonary angiography

Question 72

Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.)

Dilation of a stenosed vessel

A)Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
B)Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
C)Embolization
D)Thrombolysis
E)Percutaneous vertebroplasty
F)Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD)
G)Stent placement
H)Inferior vena cava filter
I)Kyphoplasty