Deck 18: Computed Tomography

Question 1

Which of the ventricles is located directly superior to the cistern cerebellomedullaris?

A)Lateral
B)Third
C)Fourth
D)Second

Answer 1

Fourth

Question 2

What is the name of the passageway from the third to fourth ventricle?

A)Foramen of Monro
B)Interventricular foramen
C)Cerebral aqueduct
D)Foramen of Luschka

Answer 2

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 3

Which of the following structures filters the blood to produce CSF?

A)Choroid plexus
B)Arachnoid granulations
C)Arachnoid villi
D)Ventricles

Answer 3

Choroid plexus

Question 4

Which of the following structures is attached to the roof of the third ventricle?

A)Pineal gland
B)Pituitary gland
C)Fourth ventricle
D)Lateral recess

Question 5

Which layer of the meninges is located closest to the brain?

A)Pia mater
B)Dura mater
C)Epidural mater
D)Arachnoid mater

Question 6

What is the name of the white brain structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres?

A)Central sulcus
B)Falx cerebri
C)Corpus callosum
D)Insula

Question 7

The two divisions of the central nervous system include the brain and:

A)meninges.
B)spinal cord.
C)spinal nerves.
D)neurons.

Question 8

Which meningeal space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

A)Subdural space
B)Subarachnoid space
C)Pia space
D)Cerebral fluid space

Question 9

What is the name of the channels located between the cranium and dura mater that contain blood?

A)Subdural space
B)Epidural space
C)Dural mater sinuses
D)Subarachnoid space

Question 10

Which of the following is not a major division of the brain?

A)Forebrain
B)Posterior brain
C)Hindbrain
D)Midbrain

Question 11

On the average, how much CSF is formed daily?

A)100 mL
B)150 mL
C)400 mL
D)500 mL

Question 12

At what vertebral level is the tapered, terminal part of the spinal cord found?

A)Lower border of T10
B)L4-5 joint space
C)Lower border of L1
D)S1-2

Question 13

A condition caused by an abnormal amount of CSF in the ventricles is termed:

A)cerebral atrophy.
B)hydrocephalus.
C)pneumoencephalos.
D)encephalitis.

Question 14

What type of neuron conducts electric impulses toward the cell body?

A)Axon
B)Dendrite
C)Nerve cell
D)Multipolar neuron

Question 15

The common lumbar puncture site is located at the vertebra level of:

A)T12-L1.
B)L1-2.
C)L3-4.
D)L4-5.

Question 16

What is the name of the deep fissure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

A)Longitudinal fissure
B)Central sulcus
C)Posterior, central sulcus
D)Falx cerebri

Question 17

Along with the posterior pituitary gland and the infundibulum, what other structure or region is associated with the hypothalamus?

A)Thalamus
B)Olfactory nerve
C)Optic chiasm
D)Falx cerebri

Question 18

What is the name for the enlarged regions of the subarachnoid space?

A)Cisterns
B)Subdural space
C)Centrum semiovale
D)Optic chiasma

Question 19

Which structure of the neuron carries electric impulses away from the cell body?

A)Axon
B)Dendrite
C)Nerve cell
D)Multipolar neuron

Question 20

What is the name of the tapered, terminal part of the spinal cord?

A)Medulla spinalis
B)Encephalon
C)Axon
D)Conus medullaris

Question 21

How many pairs of cranial nerves are found in the brain?

A)10
B)12
C)14
D)7

Question 22

Which structure connects the two hemispheres of the cerebellum?

A)Falx cerebri
B)Tentorium cerebelli
C)Basal ganglia
D)Vermis

Question 23

Which of the following structures is a white brain matter structure?

A)Basal ganglia
B)Cerebral cortex
C)Centrum semiovale
D)Thalamus

Question 24

Major functions of the cerebellum include:

A)regulation of body temperature.
B)visual perception.
C)coordination, posture, and balance.
D)regulation of blood pressure.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a major cranial nerve?

A)Olfactory
B)Vagus
C)Sensory
D)Abducens

Question 26

What is the name of the site where some optic nerve fibers cross in the brain?

A)Cisterna magna
B)Pons
C)Cisterna pontis
D)Optic chiasma

Question 27

What controls the actual slice thickness on multislice CT scanners?

A)Filament of x-ray tube
B)Postpatient collimator
C)Size of the detector row used
D)Prepatient collimator

Question 28

Which of the following structures is also called the hypophysis?

A)Pineal gland
B)Pons
C)Cerebral peduncles
D)Pituitary gland

Question 29

Which generation of CT scanner first used a fixed ring of detectors?

A)Second
B)Third
C)Fourth
D)None of the above

Question 30

Hemianopia is a condition defined as:

A)blindness occurring in half of the visual field in each eye.
B)an iron deficiency producing intracranial bleeding.
C)a congenital tumor in the thalamus.
D)an abnormal collection of CSF in the cranial ventricles.

Question 31

Which aspect of the forebrain serves as an interpretation center for pain, temperature, and touch?

A)Thalamus
B)Hypothalamus
C)Pons
D)Cerebellum

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a multislice CT scanner?

A)Has fast imaging speed.
B)Acquires a large number of slices rapidly.
C)Minimizes patient motion.
D)Reduces patient dose.

Question 33

What is the major advantage of volume CT over standard CT imaging?

A)Generates less tube heat units.
B)Allows cardiovascular scanning because of shorter scanning times.
C)Allows a volume of tissue to be examined rather than individual slices only.
D)Requires less dose be given to the patient.

Question 34

Which of the following structures is not part of the brainstem?

A)Cerebellum
B)Midbrain
C)Pons
D)Medulla

Question 35

Which of the following is not one of the cerebral nuclei or basal ganglia?

A)Thalamus
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Lentiform nucleus
D)Claustrum

Question 36

Which of the following statements is not an advantage of computed tomography (CT) over conventional imaging?

A)Can adjust the contrast or gray scale.
B)Can display anatomy in a series of slices.
C)Can measure attenuation of specific tissues.
D)Exposes the patient to less radiation.

Question 37

Visual centers in the brain are located in the ____ lobe of the cerebrum.

A)parietal
B)occipital
C)insula
D)frontal

Question 38

What specifically do the CT detectors measure?

A)Attenuation
B)Patient dose
C)Primary radiation
D)Scatter radiation

Question 39

The capability to create accurate reconstruction of patient data into alternative planes (coronal, sagittal, three-dimensional) is termed:

A)multiple image reconstruction.
B)maximum intensity projection.
C)algorithmic reconstruction.
D)multiplanar reconstruction.

Question 40

Which of the following structures is not part of the hindbrain?

A)Cerebellum
B)Pons
C)Hypothalamus
D)Medulla

Question 41

Prospective electrocardiogram (ECG) gating used during cardiac CT permits the heart to be scanned:

A)during maximum cardiac contraction.
B)while tricuspid and mitral valves are open.
C)during the diastole cycle.
D)during the systole cycle.

Question 42

Which one of the following pitch ratios represents undersampling?

A)1:1
B)2:1
C)0.5:1
D)0.7:1

Question 43

Approximately ____ of all head CTs generally require intravenous contrast media.

A)10% to 30%
B)30% to 50%
C)50% to 90%
D)None of the above; all require contrast media.

Question 44

Which of the following pitch ratios is considered to be oversampling?

A)2:1
B)3:1
C)0.5:1
D)1:1

Question 45

What is the pitch for the following parameters: couch movement of 10 mm/sec and slice thickness per 360° rotation of 20 mm?

A)0.5:1
B)2:1
C)1:2
D)1:1.5

Question 46

CT fluoroscopy can obtain and display partially reconstructed images at a rate of _____ images per second.

A)1 to 3
B)6 to 8
C)8 to 12
D)20 to 25

Question 47

Typical slice thickness for a spine CT range is usually no greater than _____ mm.

A)3
B)7
C)10
D)15

Question 48

Which one of the following pathologic indications for a head CT is directly related to trauma?

A)Hydrocephalus
B)Brain atrophy
C)Brain abscess
D)Subdural hematoma

Question 49

Which window widths are CT head scans viewed?

A)Soft-tissue window
B)Bony window
C)Gray and white matter windows
D)Both A and B

Question 50

What is the chief disadvantage of CT colonography over conventional endoscopy?

A)Cost
B)Inability to biopsy or remove polyps
C)Bowel preparation required
D)Time-consuming procedure

Question 51

The ratio of the relationship between table speed and slice thickness defines:

A)differential absorption.
B)pitch.
C)voxel.
D)display matrix.

Question 52

A CT colonography requires the use of ________ as a contrast medium.

A)barium sulfate
B)iodinated rectal contrast
C)air
D)all of the above

Question 53

Which of the following pathologic indications would NOT apply to head CT?

A)Subdural hematoma
B)Multiple sclerosis
C)Aneurysm
D)Brain atrophy

Question 54

The success rate for CT percutaneous abscess drainage is reported to be:

A)20%.
B)30%.
C)50%.
D)85%.

Question 55

Which of the following conditions may be a contraindication for head CT?

A)Epidural hematoma
B)Intracranial hemorrhage
C)Brain abscess
D)Sensitivity to iodinated contrast media

Question 56

A collection of blood accumulating under the dura mater caused by trauma is termed:

A)subarachnoid hemorrhage.
B)glioma.
C)subdural abscess.
D)subdural hematoma.

Question 57

Hydrocephalus is caused by:

A)blockage of the cranial blood vessel.
B)blockage of the drainage of CSF.
C)trauma to the head.
D)congenital abnormality.

Question 58

Muscular structures seen on a CT image would appear:

A)white.
B)black.
C)gray.
D)dark gray.

Question 59

How long is the catheter left in place following a percutaneous abscess drainage (PAD) procedure?

A)1 hour
B)6 hours
C)12 hours
D)24 to 48 hours

Question 60

Which medium serves as the baseline for CT numbers?

A)Air
B)Water
C)Muscle
D)Fat

Question 61

A technique used to view vessels demonstrated in CTA is termed:

A)windowing.
B)maximum intensity projection.
C)multiplanar reconstruction.
D)volume scanning.

Question 62

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Eye movement

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)

Question 63

Match each tissue with the correct CT number range.(Use each choice only once.)

Air

A)+50
B)+40
C)+20
D)-100
E)-200
F)-1000
G)+1000 or higher

Question 64

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Tongue movement, speech, and swallowing

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)

Question 65

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Taste and swallowing

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)

Question 66

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Cerebrum

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 67

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Cerebellum

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 68

Match each tissue with the correct CT number range.(Use each choice only once.)

Fat

A)+50
B)+40
C)+20
D)-100
E)-200
F)-1000
G)+1000 or higher

Question 69

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Smell

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)

Question 70

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Vision

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)

Question 71

A predetermined procedure is the definition for:

A)procedure.
B)protocol.
C)scan parameter.
D)technique.

Question 72

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Midbrain

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 73

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Thalamus

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 74

Match each tissue with the correct CT number range.(Use each choice only once.)

Blood

A)+50
B)+40
C)+20
D)-100
E)-200
F)-1000
G)+1000 or higher

Question 75

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Medulla

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 76

An undesired feature or density in the CT image not representative of anatomy is a(n):

A)CT aberration.
B)noise.
C)artifact.
D)windowing flaw.

Question 77

Another term for topogram is:

A)CT scan.
B)CAT scan.
C)MPR.
D)scanogram.

Question 78

Select the correct lettered portion of the brain.(Use each choice only once.)


Pons

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
F)F

Question 79

____ controls the brightness of an image within a certain range.

A)Window level
B)Window width
C)Voxel
D)CT number

Question 80

For each function, select the correct cranial nerve.(Use each choice only once.)

Spinal function and some swallowing

A)Accessory (XI)
B)Hypoglossal (XII)
C)Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D)Olfactory (I)
E)Abducens (VI)
F)Optic (II)