Deck 2: Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

The ability of a drug to diffuse across the cell membrane is dependent upon _____ of the drug and the _____ of the body fluid it is dissolved in.

A)properties,actions
B)pH,actions
C)properties,pH
D)strength,health

Answer 1

C
The ability of a drug to diffuse across the cell membrane is dependent upon properties of the drug and the pH of the body fluid it is dissolved in.

Question 2

_____ and _____ require lower doses of drug to produce therapeutic effects.

A)Infants,the elderly
B)Teenagers,the elderly
C)Children,adults
D)Infants,children

Answer 2

A
Infants and the elderly require lower doses of drug to produce therapeutic effects.

Question 3

The pharmacokinetic phases control the _____ of the drug's effect and the _____ of the drug action.

A)intensity,duration
B)duration,effect
C)mechanism,safety
D)length,efficacy

Answer 3

A
These pharmacokinetic phases control the intensity of the drug's effect and the duration of the drug action.

Question 4

Drugs listed in category _____ should be avoided because fetal abnormalities have been reported.

A)X
B)B
C)C
D)A

Question 5

Most drugs are transported by passive transport.

Question 6

Anatomical structures that selectively limit drug access are the _____.

A)blood-brain barrier
B)blood-placenta barrier
C)blood-testicular barrier
D)all of the above

Question 7

Albumin has the greatest affinity for _____ acids and _____ drugs.

A)weak,lipophilic
B)strong,hydrophilic
C)weak,hydrophobic
D)strong,lipophobic

Question 8

How quickly or slowly a drug is absorbed is determined by the _____.

A)characteristics of the drug
B)drug dosage form
C)route of administration
D)all of the above

Question 9

Absorption of orally administered drugs is greatest in the _____.

A)small intestine
B)large intestine
C)liver
D)pancreas

Question 10

Duration of action is the time between the _____ of action and _____ of drug action.

A)mechanism,duration
B)onset,discontinuation
C)duration,concentration
D)onset,mechanism

Question 11

The body has to metabolize a drug before it is eliminated.

Question 12

Distribution of the drug across the cell membrane of the blood vessel and transport to its site of action are influenced by the _____ nature of the drug.

A)physical
B)mechanical
C)chemical
D)ionic

Question 13

Drugs that are administered subcutaneously are completely absorbed into the bloodstream given they are injected directly into the vein.

Question 14

Absorption is greatest when the body has a good oxygen supply.

Question 15

A pH of _____ is neutral.

A)10
B)7
C)3
D)5

Question 16

_____ transport takes energy and requires special carrier proteins or pumps to "carry the drug" across the cell membrane.

A)Passive
B)Active
C)Drug
D)Diffusive

Question 17

It is difficult for lipid-soluble drugs to move across a membrane.

Question 18

The time it takes for a drug to reach the concentration necessary to produce a therapeutic effect is called the _____.

A)duration of action
B)mechanism of action
C)onset of action
D)length of action

Question 19

_____ are drugs that are administered in an inactive form and must be metabolized to their active form.

A)Metabolites
B)Prodrugs
C)Lipophilics
D)Hydrophobics