Deck 24: Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

Question 1

Strokes occur when brain cells are ___________.

A)deprived of oxygen
B)damaged by sudden bleeding into the brain
C)deprived of nutrients
D)a and b

Answer 1

D
Strokes occur when brain cells are deprived of oxygen or are damaged by sudden bleeding into the brain.

Question 2

Gender has no bearing on risk factors for stroke.

Answer 2

False
Gender is an important risk factor for stroke.

Question 3

Which auxiliary warning label should pharmacy technicians attach to the prescription vial of warfarin when it is dispensed?

A)CAUSES FETAL ABNORMALITIES
B)AVOID PREGNANCY
C)DO NOT USE IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY
D)PREGNANCY X CATEGORY

Answer 3

B
Warfarin can cause fetal abnormalities so pharmacy technicians should apply the warning label AVOID PREGNANCY to prescription vials.

Question 4

Drugs that control the rate of clot formation and clot dissolution are classified as _____ and can prevent stroke and myocardial infarction.

A)anticoagulants
B)thrombolytics
C)antilipidemics
D)cardiolytics

Question 5

Abciximab,a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor,works by blocking the final pathway of platelet aggregation and is the only _____ antiplatelet drug.

A)transdermal
B)parenteral
C)enteral
D)intrathecal

Question 6

Antiplatelet drugs should not be combined with _____ without medical supervision.

A)antihypertensives
B)anticoagulants
C)antilipidemics
D)any of the above

Question 7

Of the following risk factors for stroke and myocardial infarctions,which one promotes atherosclerosis,increases clotting factors in the blood,stimulates vasoconstriction,and weakens the endothelial wall?

A)alcohol consumption
B)diet
C)smoking
D)any of the above

Question 8

The leading cause of death in the United States is myocardial infarction,accounting for nearly 500,000 deaths.

Question 9

_____ is an orally administered anticoagulant that is used to prevent pulmonary embolism,thrombotic and embolic stroke,acute myocardial infarction,and atrial fibrillation.

A)Aspirin
B)Warfarin
C)Fragmin
D)Heparin

Question 10

An example of an anticoagulant that is manufactured from pig intestines and cow lungs is _____.

A)heparin
B)warfarin
C)Coumadin
D)thrombin

Question 11

All thrombolytics lose shelf-life rapidly after reconstitution.They must be stored in the refrigerator and used within ____ hours.

A)12
B)24
C)36
D)48

Question 12

Hemolysis is the medical term for stopping or flowing of blood.

Question 13

Only three thrombolytic agents are currently in use.They are _____.

A)alteplase,streptokinase,and tenecteplase
B)alteplase,streptokinase,and reteplase
C)alteplase,tenecteplase,and urokinase
D)urokinase,streptokinase,and reteplase

Question 14

The most common cause of strokes is aneurysm in the brain.

Question 15

The buildup of lipids and plaque inside of artery walls)can block blood flow through arteries is called _____.

A)atherosclerosis
B)arteriosclerosis
C)atherothrombosis
D)arteriofibrosis

Question 16

Aspirin can be used for both myocardial infarctions and strokes.

Question 17

Antiplatelet drugs produce their effect by _____.

A)interfering with steps in the clot formation process
B)preventing the formation of clot formation
C)dissolving blood clots
D)decreasing the number of red blood cells

Question 18

Warfarin works by interfering with the formation of vitamin ___-dependent clotting factors.

A)B3
B)K
C)A
D)E

Question 19

Which routes of administration can be used to administer heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin?

A)intravenous (IV)
B)intramuscular (IM)
C)subcutaneous (SQ)
D)a and c

Question 20

A principal focus for prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke is treatment of hyperlipidemia.The emphasis is on _____ low-density lipoproteins (LDL)and _____ high-density lipoproteins (HDL).

A)raising,lowering
B)lowering,raising
C)eradicating,raising
D)none of the above

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.increase HDL
b.promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.lower LDL
d.increase clearance of VLDL
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors

Question 22

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.increase HDL
b.promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.lower LDL
d.increase clearance of VLDL
bile acid sequestrants

Question 23

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.increase HDL
b.promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.lower LDL
d.increase clearance of VLDL
nicotinic acid derivatives

Question 24

Which of the following is not a mechanism of action for lipid lower drugs in the treatment of hyperlipidemias?

A)They affect cholesterol synthesis.
B)They eliminate bile.
C)They act on HDL mechanism.
D)They act on LDL metabolism.

Question 25

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.increase HDL
b.promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.lower LDL
d.increase clearance of VLDL
fibric acid derivatives