Deck 3: Skills Approach

Question 1

The research Mumford et al.completed used a sample of ______.

A) college business students
B) corporate executives
C) high school principals
D) army officers

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Who developed the three skill model of leadership?

A) Katz
B) Stogdill
C) Goleman
D) Mumford et al.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Social judgment skill is similar to ______.

A) sociability in trait approach
B) Katz's human skill
C) Katz's technical skill
D) knowledge in Mumford's model

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The main goal of Mumford et al.'s research was ______.

A) to identify effective human leadership skills
B) to understand military structure
C) to explain the elements of effective performance
D) to refute Katz's work on administrative skills

Question 5

The classic article "skills of an effective administrator" by Katz was published in the ______.

A) Journal of Leadership Education
B) Harvard Business Review
C) Journal of Education and Behavior
D) Forbes Business Journal

Question 6

______ are what leaders can accomplish,whereas ______ are who leaders are.

A) Traits, outcomes
B) Behaviors, skills
C) Skills, traits
D) Outcomes, skills

Question 7

The research Katz completed for his article describing the skills of an effective administrator ______.

A) was quantitative research
B) was qualitative research
C) was a meta-analysis of skills research
D) was research focused on traits of leaders

Question 8

Which of the following is a competency in Mumford's skills model?

A) crystallized cognitive ability
B) career experiences
C) personality
D) knowledge

Question 9

Mumford et al.'s model is characterized as a capability model because ______.

A) it identifies leader traits that followers perceived as valuable
B) it identifies behaviors leaders use that are value-added in the workplace
C) it examines the relationship between knowledge and skills and leader performance
D) it implies leadership is reserved for a gifted few who are knowledgeable about the work

Question 10

A leader using human skills will ______.

A) develop criteria for the implementation of a new product
B) use sensitivity to assess the needs and motivations of others
C) use tools and techniques to get things done
D) create the vision for restructuring the organization

Question 11

Technical skills are the ______.

A) ability to work with things
B) ability to work cooperatively with others
C) ability to work with ideas
D) ability to be behaviorally flexible

Question 12

At the upper-management level in an organization,______.

A) technical skills are not important
B) human skills are not important
C) technical skills are more important than conceptual skills
D) technical skills are less important than human skills

Question 13

A chief operating officer of the company who applies the level of administrative skills to the degrees delineated in Katz's model ______.

A) incorporates the entire staff in the process of shaping the company's goals
B) is more "hands-on" with producing the company's product than interacting with staff
C) has higher involvement with things than people or ideas
D) avoids getting to know the staff

Question 14

Leadership skills research attempts to ______.

A) identify largely fixed abilities in leaders
B) identify multiple behaviors in leaders
C) identify personality factors of leadership
D) identify competencies that can be acquired by leaders

Question 15

According to Katz's skills model,which two skills are most important for supervisory- (low-)level managers to be successful leaders?

A) technical skill and human skill
B) human skill and conceptual skill
C) technical skill and conceptual skill
D) all three skills are equally important for supervisory level management

Question 16

In Mumford's skills model,social judgment skill is defined as ______.

A) the accumulation of information and the mental structures to organize the information
B) intellectual ability learned or acquired over time
C) the capacity to understand people and social systems
D) creative ability to solve ill-defined organizational problems

Question 17

Which of the following presents a competency-based approach to leadership?

A) trait approach
B) skills approach
C) style approach
D) great person approach

Question 18

The skills approach takes a ______ on leadership,like the trait approach.

A) leader-follower centered perspective
B) organizational-centered perspective
C) situational-centered perspective
D) leader-centered perspective

Question 19

Human skills are about working with ______.

A) ideas
B) concepts
C) people
D) things

Question 20

Leadership skills are defined in the chapter as ______.

A) using individual attributes to communicate well with others
B) developing behaviors for effective leadership outcomes
C) technical ability to interact in the work environment
D) knowledge and competencies to accomplish goals

Question 21

By including such a large number of components,the skills approach and its models are criticized for ______.

A) being too similar to previously detailed approaches to leadership
B) stressing the value of developing specific skills
C) the range of skills extending beyond the boundaries of leadership
D) not making leadership readily available to all

Question 22

Who developed a capability model that includes individual attributes,competencies,and leadership outcomes?

A) Katz
B) Stogdill
C) Goleman
D) Mumford et al.

Question 23

The individual attributes factor in the skills model suggests ______.

A) that complex problem-solving is not difficult
B) that traits are not important to leadership
C) that the skills model is not just a competency-based model
D) motivation plays little to no role within the model

Question 24

Birds hitting a plane on takeoff causing engine failure in flight is an example of what component of the skills model by Mumford?

A) competencies
B) individual attributes
C) career experiences
D) environmental influence

Question 25

Jim is a district manager of Wendy's in west Michigan.when he hires people,the most important thing he looks for is whether people are good problem solvers.

A) Jim is using the trait approach
B) Jim is using Katz's skills approach
C) Jim is using the Mumford skills model
D) Jim is using the style approach

Question 26

The environmental influences listed are all external,with the exception of ______.

A) hurricane damage
B) closure of major supplier
C) highly competent employees
D) federal government policy change

Question 27

Pat Smith is human resources director for a large bank.Her major goal is to find a person who has developed their ability to effectively work with others in solving organizational problems.Pat is basing her selections on ______.

A) the great person approach
B) the trait approach
C) the skills approach
D) leader emergence theory

Question 28

In the skills model,which of these is a general cognitive ability?

A) knowledge
B) information processing
C) motivation
D) intellectual ability acquired over time

Question 29

Which of the following is not an example of an internal environmental influence that can affect leadership outcomes?

A) skill level of employees
B) gender ratio of employees
C) up-to-date technology
D) an economic recession

Question 30

The abilities that help a leader to work effectively with subordinates,peers,and superiors to accomplish the organizational goal.

A) technical skills
B) conceptual skills
C) human skills
D) problem-solving skills

Question 31

All of the following environmental influences are external except ______.

A) slow Internet
B) traffic
C) computer network crash
D) inexperienced followers

Question 32

Which of these statements about the skills approach is false?

A) describes leadership as something that is available to everyone
B) it is applicable to leaders at all levels within the organization
C) it clearly predicts how variations in social judgment and problem-solving skills affect performance
D) knowledge about and ability to work with people is important in this approach

Question 33

Bill is in charge of hiring a new manager for the first shift on the production line.according to Katz's model,bill should be looking for a person with ______.

A) problem-solving skills
B) cognitive ability
C) social judgment skills
D) technical skills

Question 34

Which of the following is not a competency in the skills model?

A) problem-solving skills
B) cognitive ability
C) social judgment skills
D) knowledge

Question 35

The two leadership outcomes outlined in the skills model are ______.

A) effective problem solving and performance
B) motivation and personality
C) knowledge and social judgment skills
D) problem-solving skills and cognitive ability

Question 36

The environmental influences listed are all internal with the exception of ______.

A) access to technology
B) flooding of the office
C) highly competent followers
D) limited office space

Question 37

According to Katz,the most important leadership skills for lower-levels of management are ______.

A) technical skills
B) problem-solving skills
C) technical, human, and conceptual skills
D) technical and human skills

Question 38

Within an organization,the employees in the information technology department are crucial for the success of the organization due to their ______.

A) social judgment skills
B) problem-solving skills
C) conceptual skills
D) technical skills

Question 39

Which of the following attributes begins to decline in later adulthood?

A) personality
B) motivation
C) crystallized cognitive ability
D) general cognitive ability

Question 40

In the skills model,crystallized cognitive ability refers to ______.

A) intelligence quotient
B) intellectual ability acquired over time
C) motivation
D) effectiveness

Question 41

Johanna is excellent at applying tax law and other accounting principles in her job as a manager in her accounting firm.She has equally high skills in working with the employees she supervises but does not have as much skill in helping the firm shape the vision for growth.Applying Katz's skills model,at what level of management is Johanna?

A) top management
B) middle management
C) supervisory management
D) CEO management

Question 42

The knowledge competency in the skills model is most similar to ______.

A) self-confidence in trait approach
B) Katz's conceptual skill
C) Katz's technical skill
D) determination in the trait approach

Question 43

A supervisory-level manager of a company who applies the level of administrative skills to the degrees delineated in Katz's model ______.

A) incorporates the entire staff in the process of shaping the company's goals
B) is more "hands-on" with producing the company's product than interacting with staff
C) has higher involvement with ideas than with people
D) avoids getting to know the staff

Question 44

Tamika uses her ability to sense and perceive her staff's emotions every day to help them feel comfortable in the workplace.She is very knowledgeable about day-to-day operations and also is quite successful at anticipating problems and sharing ideas for improvements up the chain of command.Applying Katz's skills model,at what level of management is Tamika?

A) top management
B) middle management
C) supervisory management
D) impoverished management

Question 45

What best explains the comparison of the skills approach to sports such as golf and tennis?

A) Specific techniques are required to succeed.
B) Input from both sides takes place constantly.
C) Competition takes a high level of motivation.
D) People can improve their skills through practice and instruction.

Question 46

Mumford's skills model contends that leadership outcomes are the direct result of ______.

A) a leader's sociability
B) a leader's career experiences
C) a leader's willingness to lead
D) a leader's competencies

Question 47

Additional research completed by Mumford,Campion,and Morgeson used a four skill model to assess cognitive,interpersonal,business,and strategic skills in managers at junior and senior levels of an organization.the research findings in this study were most similar to ______.

A) Katz's hierarchical three skills model
B) Mumford's skills model
C) Blake and Mouton's leadership grid
D) the Ohio State studies

Question 48

Skill in persuasion and communicating change describes which social judgment competency?

A) behavioral flexibility
B) social perceptiveness
C) social performance
D) social intelligence

Question 49

You recently received a promotion to a higher level of management within your organization.this is your third promotion with your department.using Mumford's skills model,what best represents this type of promotion and its outcomes?

A) personality
B) motivation
C) environmental influences
D) career experiences

Question 50

Which is not a social judgment skill?

A) perspective taking
B) behavioral flexibility
C) social performance
D) knowledge acquisition

Question 51

Problem solving is ______.

A) a competency
B) a trait
C) an individual attribute
D) a leader outcome

Question 52

The problem-solving competency in the skills model is most similar to ______.

A) dominance in trait approach
B) Katz's conceptual skill
C) Katz's technical skill
D) knowledge in Mumford's model

Question 53

The research by Mumford et al.was done on a sample of ______.

A) higher education administrators
B) high-level managers in industry
C) managers at multiple levels of industry
D) military leaders at multiple levels

Question 54

The problem-solving component of the skills model ______.

A) assesses leader performance
B) demonstrates ability to construct organizational solutions
C) demonstrates leader personality
D) assesses social perceptions and behavioral flexibility

Question 55

Which part of the skills model supports people as they apply their leadership competencies?

A) individual attributes
B) technical skills
C) knowledge
D) leadership outcomes

Question 56

The ideas and mental abilities that people learn through experiences can best be described as ______.

A) crystallized cognitive ability
B) motivation
C) career experiences
D) general cognitive ability

Question 57

Which skills model competency consists of creating a schema for learning and organizing data?

A) personality
B) knowledge
C) perspective taking
D) career experiences

Question 58

Skills approach helps us best identify our ______.

A) place within an organization
B) strengths and weaknesses
C) performance as a leader
D) outcomes of leadership

Question 59

Ashlyn focuses her energy at her car manufacturing company on assessing market fluctuations and shaping the goals of the organization for the future.She communicates well with her staff and enjoys the social aspect of work with the people around her.She leaves the details and daily operations primarily to other capable staff in the organization.Applying Katz's skills model,at what level of management is Ashlyn?

A) top management
B) middle management
C) supervisory management
D) low-level management

Question 60

Jonathan has equally high skills in managing relationships with the employees he supervises and in helping the firm shape the vision for growth.He is not as adept in the technical aspects of the company.Applying Katz's skills model,at what level of management is Jonathan?

A) top management
B) middle management
C) supervisory management
D) dictatorial management

Question 61

The structure of the skills approach is ______.

A) consistent with followership education programs
B) consistent with leadership education programs
C) not compatible with leadership education programs
D) precise enough to assure good leadership outcomes

Question 62

General cognitive ability is similar to which of the five leadership traits in this text?

A) sociability
B) dominance
C) extraversion
D) intelligence

Question 63

Abby is a gifted communicator in her club and has a talent for verbally articulating what the future can hold for the members.According to Mumford's nine key problem solving skills,which is Abby demonstrating?

A) creative thinking
B) visioning/sensemaking
C) social judgment
D) wisdom

Question 64

Research data on Mumford et al.'s model was tested on military personnel.which of the following is true?

A) the model can be effectively applied to leadership skills in small organizations
B) the model can be effectively applied to leadership skills in large organizations
C) the model cannot be effectively applied to leadership skills in startup businesses
D) the model can be effectively applied to leadership skills in startup businesses

Question 65

Career experiences directly contribute to which of the other main components of Mumford et.al's skills model?

A) competencies
B) leadership outcomes
C) environmental influences
D) follower strengths

Question 66

In the previous company Leo worked for,he led the downsizing of a major division and had to terminate hundreds of employees.This event had an impact on Leo that influences how he approaches his leadership role in his current company.According to Mumford's skills model,this is an example of ______.

A) environmental influences
B) general cognitive ability
C) career experiences
D) human skills

Question 67

The skills approach is ______.

A) high in predictive value
B) narrow in its focus
C) suitable for application across leadership contexts
D) not suitable for application across leadership contexts

Question 68

Social judgment competencies described in Mumford et.al.'s skills model are similar to skills in this framework.

A) trait approach
B) management theory
C) emotional intelligence
D) informational power

Question 69

Katz describes human skills as ______.

A) competency with the process or product within a company
B) being aware of the perspective of others on issues
C) ability to shape the strategic ideas of an organization
D) the trait of high extraversion

Question 70

The breadth of the skills approach,which includes motivation,critical thinking,and personality,______.

A) is considered a strength of this approach
B) is considered a weakness of this approach
C) adds to the precise nature of the approach
D) adds to the approach's prescriptive value

Question 71

Individual leader attributes can affect the leader's skills,but it is the ______ themselves that are most important in addressing organizational problems.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) skills
D) followers

Question 72

Which is not a strength of the skills approach?

A) It is intuitively appealing.
B) Skills can be learned.
C) It has high predictive value.
D) It is an expansive view of leadership.

Question 73

Katz started the research focus on skills during a time when ______.

A) there finally was a definitive list of leader traits described in the literature
B) there was still disagreement about leader traits in the literature
C) there was no research yet on the individual attributes of leaders
D) there was emphasis in the literature on putting followers first

Question 74

The skills approach framework ______.

A) can be applied at all levels of leadership
B) has been applied to many formal training programs
C) has been widely used in formal training programs
D) can be applied to followership training programs

Question 75

The basic premise of the skills approach is to ______.

A) identify the behaviors necessary for leadership
B) identify the behaviors of leaders
C) identify the skills of leaders
D) identify the individual attributes of leaders

Question 76

The skills approach is primarily ______.

A) descriptive
B) prescriptive
C) unscripted
D) technical

Question 77

Mumford's skills model includes which of these main components?

A) technical skill
B) conceptual skill
C) individual attributes
D) analytical ability

Question 78

Which of the following problem-solving skills can best be described as the ability to define noteworthy issues or significant problems affecting the organization?

A) problem definition
B) forecasting
C) planning
D) idea evaluation

Question 79

Which of the following problem-solving skills can best be described as the ability to anticipate the implications of executing a plan?

A) planning
B) forecasting
C) idea evaluation
D) constraint analysis

Question 80

According to the skills model,performance outcomes are affected by ______.

A) followers' career paths
B) the leader's experiences
C) subordinate expectations
D) research methods