Deck 13: Leadership Ethics

Question 1

What did the group of leadership scholars from the W.K.Kellogg Foundation examine?

A) how leadership theory and practice could be used to build a more just society
B) how leadership ethical theory correlates with virtuousness
C) how moral dilemmas are different from ethical temptations
D) how ethical dilemmas are different from moral temptations

Answer 1

A

Question 2

I make a moral decision based on whether or not I will be punished.I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development has been criticized for ______.

A) focusing exclusively on individualistic viewpoints of moral development
B) focusing on moral development, which is not ethical development
C) the non-inclusive subject sample used in developing the model
D) the authoritative nature of the stages

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Character is described as an ethical theory domain that ______.

A) includes ethical egoism
B) is focused on virtue
C) emphasizes what people do
D) is a teleological theory

Question 5

Which conduct domain ethical approach is most closely related to transactional leadership theories?

A) virtue-based
B) utilitarianism
C) altruism
D) ethical egoism

Question 6

I want to do what is best for myself,and I am willing to bargain with others for favors that I offer to provide in return in the future.I am at what stage of moral development?

A) obedience and punishment stage
B) conventional morality stage
C) interpersonal accord and conformity stage
D) individualism and exchange stage

Question 7

Group norms affect my moral decisions because I want to be seen as "good." I am at what stage of moral development?

A) social contract and individual rights stage
B) individualism and exchange stage
C) interpersonal accord and conformity stage
D) maintaining social order stage

Question 8

How many stages are there in the conventional morality level of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 6

Question 9

Which level of Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development demonstrates reasoning based on conscience and creating a just society?

A) Level 1
B) Level 2
C) Level 3
D) Level 4

Question 10

The ethical issues presented in the leadership ethics chapter ______.

A) provide a model of ethical leadership theory
B) provide a guide to ethical issues in leadership situations
C) constitute a leadership ethics theory
D) are clear prescriptions for leading ethically

Question 11

I base my corporate decisions on what creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people.I am applying which ethical theory?

A) utilitarianism
B) duty-based theory
C) virtue-based theory
D) ethical egoism

Question 12

My health care insurance company puts small co-payment fees on drugs that many people use and much higher fees for experimental drugs that only rarely are needed by individuals on our health care insurance plan.My company is applying which ethical theory?

A) ethical egoism
B) deontological theory
C) virtue-based theory
D) utilitarianism

Question 13

When I approach decisions and take action based on what is in the best interest of others,I am applying which ethical theory?

A) utilitarianism
B) altruism
C) virtue-based theory
D) ethical egoism

Question 14

In which level of moral development is an individual who judges morality actions by their direct consequences?

A) pre-conventional morality
B) conventional morality
C) post-conventional morality
D) universal morality

Question 15

Which scholar described how people think about moral issues in terms of stages of development?

A) Heifetz
B) Kohlberg
C) Plato
D) Crain

Question 16

The study of theoretical formulations of leadership ethics ______.

A) has existed for centuries
B) is described by Kohlberg
C) is a new topic of scholarly research
D) was started by Greek philosophers

Question 17

The set of rules or principles that guides us in making decisions about right or wrong is called ______.

A) moral theory
B) ethical dilemmas
C) ethical decision-making process
D) ethical theory

Question 18

I adhere to the laws and rules of the organizational community at work.I make decisions based on my concern for the society and our organization as a whole.I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Question 19

I make moral decisions based on my views of what a good society should be like.This good society means I support the values of society like fair procedures for changing laws while recognizing that groups differ and we should agree on these laws.Which stages are in the post-conventional level?

A) maintaining the social order
B) interpersonal accord and conformity
C) social contract and individual rights
D) individualism and exchange

Question 20

When studying ethics and leadership,ethical theories fall into which two broad domains?

A) conduct and behavior
B) behavior and traits
C) character and conduct
D) character and traits

Question 21

Which ethical leadership principle is described as being the leaders' duty to treat others as ends in themselves and never as means to an end?

A) serves others
B) builds community
C) shows justice
D) respects others

Question 22

Having a common goal that both the leader and followers agree on is central to which ethical leadership principle?

A) serves others
B) builds community
C) shows JUSTICE
D) respects others

Question 23

The toxic triangle by Padilla et al.describes the interrelationships between ______.

A) destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments
B) destructive leaders, conforming followers, and stable environments
C) conforming leaders, destructive followers, and unstable environments
D) colluding followers, destructive leaders, and stable environments

Question 24

Destructive leadership thrives in environments that are ______.

A) stable
B) ethical
C) utilitarian
D) unstable

Question 25

Which of the following is not a principle of ethical leadership?

A) service
B) sociability
C) justice
D) community

Question 26

Which ethical leadership principle is about telling the truth and being open with others to represent reality as fully and completely as possible?

A) serves others
B) manifests honesty
C) shows justice
D) respects others

Question 27

The teleological ethical theories are grouped together because "what is right?" is answered by looking at ______.

A) character
B) rules
C) Duty
D) outcomes

Question 28

Which ethical leadership principle is a clear example of altruism?

A) serves others
B) builds community
C) shows justice
D) respects others

Question 29

The Heifetz perspective of ethical leadership suggests that it is up to the leader to provide a trusting,empathic "holding environment" for followers to feel safe while confronting difficult problems.This concept is also part of which leadership theory?

A) leader-MEMBER EXCHANGE
B) path-goal
C) adaptive
D) servant

Question 30

Heifetz's perspective on ethical leadership is ______.

A) values-based
B) duty-based
C) charisma-based
D) philosophy-based

Question 31

Ethics is central to leadership because of ______.

A) the goals dimension of leadership in which the leader decides group goals
B) the nature of leadership being leader centered
C) the egoism necessary in leaders to make moral decisions
D) the influence dimension of leadership which has an impact on the lives of followers

Question 32

I am smart to use my natural appeal on my followers so that I advance my personal agenda.I would be considered ______.

A) a collaborative leader
B) an ethical altruistic leader
C) a destructive leader
D) a utilitarian leader

Question 33

Burns's perspective on ethical leadership stems from his work in which other theory?

A) leader-member exchange
B) transformational
C) adaptive
D) servant

Question 34

Schyns and Schilling found destructive leadership is strongly correlated to ______.

A) followers behaviors becoming toxic
B) collaborative teams being unproductive
C) other leaders in the organization developing toxic behaviors
D) negative follower attitudes toward their jobs and organizations

Question 35

In which ethical leadership principle does the leader place issues of fairness at the center of their decision making?

A) manifests honesty
B) builds community
C) shows justice
D) respects others

Question 36

My followers are foremost in the plans I make for our team.I am often seen mentoring my followers and using citizenship behaviors that benefit all of my followers.I am using which ethical leadership principle?

A) respects others
B) serve others
C) shows justice
D) manifests honesty

Question 37

The "dark side" of leadership presented in the ethics chapter of the text is closely related to which component of transformational leadership?

A) transactional
B) individualized consideration
C) pseudotransformational
D) management by exception-passive

Question 38

As a leader,I listen closely to my followers' beliefs,values,and attitudes and allow them to use their creativity as I nurture their work.I am using which ethical leadership principle?

A) respects others
B) builds community
C) shows justice
D) manifests honesty

Question 39

Which group of ethical theories focuses on who the leaders are as people?

A) deontological
B) teleological
C) altruism
D) virtue-based

Question 40

I consistently tell the truth and am fair with my employees.Furthermore,I feel a strong moral obligation to make decisions that do not infringe on the rights of my staff.I am applying the concepts of which ethical theory?

A) deontological
B) teleological
C) altruism
D) virtue-based

Question 41

Altruistic service behaviors are not observed in ______.

A) mentoring
B) self-promoting
C) empowering
D) team building

Question 42

Virtue-based theories ______.

A) focus on the actions of the leader
B) are about the leader's character
C) are duty driven
D) focus on consequences of the leader's actions

Question 43

Which ethical leadership principle resembles the main focus of the servant leadership approach?

A) respects others
B) builds community
C) serves others
D) manifests honesty

Question 44

Greenleaf's theory of servant leadership ______.

A) says leaders should be concerned with society's "have-nots"
B) was based on studies of university professors and students
C) requires a strict delineation of servant-leader roles
D) was influenced by the writings of Ronald Heifetz

Question 45

A leader's respect for others is not shown by ______.

A) listening closely to subordinates B being empathic
C) being tolerant of opposing points of view
D) being apathetic

Question 46

Teleological theories include all of the following except ______.

A) ethical egoism
B) utilitarianism
C) altruism
D) ethical egalitarianism

Question 47

Ethical leadership involves influence that is central to the leadership process.This means ______.

A) the ethics of the leader are the ethics of followers
B) the process of leadership happens in a one-way environment
C) ethical organizations can maintain good outcomes with a few unethical leaders
D) leaders have enormous ethical responsibility for how they affect others

Question 48

Ethical theories that are driven from the viewpoint of the leader's character are called ______.

A) teleological theories
B) virtue-based theories
C) deontological theories
D) utilitarianism theories

Question 49

Utilitarianism is concerned with ______.

A) showing concern for the best interests of others
B) creating the greatest good for the greatest number
C) creating the greatest good for the leader
D) showing concern for the leader only

Question 50

People want to view their leaders as ethical,fair,and just,especially with the public failing of high-level leaders in the past decade.This is ______.

A) a criticism of ethical leadership
B) a strength of ethical leadership
C) a failure of ethical leadership
D) an unreasonable public view

Question 51

The five principles of ethical leadership include all of the following except ______.

A) respects others
B) manifests honesty
C) acts courageously
D) shows justice

Question 52

All of the following are ways ethical leaders build community except by ______.

A) searching for goals that are compatible with everyone
B) being attentive to cultural values
C) keeping social collectives exclusive
D) establishing higher and broader moral purposes

Question 53

Which of the following is a criticism of ethical leadership?

A) It contains research on a topic that is timely in the public's eye.
B) It is unreasonable to expect high levels of ethics in our leaders.
C) There is substantial recent research on ethics and leadership.
D) The ethics and leadership writings come from only a few scholars.

Question 54

Burns contends all of the following except ______.

A) leadership has a moral dimension
B) leaders should put their values ahead of their followers to reach goals
C) leaders should move followers to a higher level of morality
D) leaders should be involved in followers' personal struggles with conflicting issues

Question 55

The Greek term meaning "excellence" that is associated with ethics theories is ______.

A) mechane
B) apathea
C) pathos
D) aretaic

Question 56

Ethics ______.

A) focuses on the virtuousness of individuals and their motives
B) is a derivative of the Greek word pathos
C) is primarily concerned with an organization's goals
D) is a derivative of the Greek word logos

Question 57

Ethical theories fall within two broad domains: ______.

A) consequences and duty
B) ethical and unethical
C) conduct and character
D) duty based and virtue based

Question 58

One of my employees works harder and logs more overtime and consistently works weekends when needed compared with any of the other staff in our department.If I choose to promote her instead of her coworkers based on her hard work,I am using which principle of distributive justice?

A) according to individual need
B) according to societal contribution
C) according to personal rights
D) according to individual effort

Question 59

Which of the following is not a reason why ethics is central to leadership?

A) the process of influence
B) the impact leaders have on establishing the organization's values
C) the need to engage followers to accomplish mutual goals
D) the existence of bottom-up communication

Question 60

Giving an employee a merit-based pay raise is an example of ______.

A) respect
B) service
C) distributive justice
D) altruism

Question 61

The ethics theory that is high in self-interest and low in concern for others is ______.

A) utilitarianism
B) apathea
C) ethical egoism
D) altruism

Question 62

According to the textbook author,one cannot be a leader without being ______.

A) focused on winning
B) aware of one's values
C) experienced in using authority
D) in a position of power

Question 63

Research on ethics and the Millennial generation underscores the notion that ______.

A) older workers and younger workers have virtually the same values
B) younger workers have not had a developmental opportunity to consider morals
C) ethical perspectives have remained static for hundreds of years
D) ethical perspectives can change over time and research needs to keep up

Question 64

Most research on leadership ethics has been done in the Western world and in Anglo-American countries.This is ______.

A) a strength of modern day leadership understanding
B) a criticism of research on leadership ethics
C) a falsehood
D) irrelevant because ethics are common and universal

Question 65

The ethical approach that is low in self-interest and high in concern for others is ______.

A) utilitarianism
B) altruism
C) apathea
D) ethical egoism

Question 66

When Wilson and McCalman argued that leadership for the greater good is ultimately where ethical leadership ought to be directed,they were underscoring which principle of ethical leadership?

A) builds community
B) respects others
C) manifests honesty d .shows justice

Question 67

Cecil is a leader who attracts a lot of attention,is self-absorbed,and focuses on negativity.Valerie supports Cecil and has been described as ambitious and opportunistic.Valerie is most likely which kind of follower?

A) conformer
B) colluder
C) conspirator
D) charismatic

Question 68

A leader that takes a political stand on an issue for no other reason than to get re-elected is using which ethical theory?

A) ethical egoism
B) utilitarianism
C) altruism
D) collectivism

Question 69

When research found that among a sample of leaders in journalism there was evidence of respect for others,concern for harm,and proactive social engagement,it suggested those studied were at the ______.

A) low stage of moral development
B) mid stage of moral development
C) high stage of moral development
D) fault line of moral development

Question 70

Donna is a personally-focused,destructive leader.One of her subordinates,Michael,goes along with Donna's decisions and supports her.Michael has been described as immature and needy.Which type of susceptible follower is Michael?

A) conformer
B) colluder
C) conspirator
D) charismatic

Question 71

Whose perspective has strong altruistic ethical overtones and was discussed in the servant leadership chapter?

A) Heifetz
B) Burns
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 72

The five principles of ethical leadership can be traced back to ______.

A) King George III
B) Aristotle
C) Julius Caesar
D) Christopher Columbus

Question 73

Virtue-based ethical theories ______.

A) focus on the actions of leaders
B) are about the leader's character
C) are duty driven
D) focus on the consequences of leader actions

Question 74

Andy owns Islander Surfboard Inc.In the past,Andy has always given his employees bonuses during the holidays if they reached certain sales goals.This year,even though the company is thriving,he decided to cut bonuses from employees and award them to himself instead.What ethical theory of leadership is Andy following?

A) altruism
B) ethical egoism
C) utilitarianism
D) none. This is an unethical decision.

Question 75

Research by Bedi and colleagues found that a leader's ethical behavior tends to correlate positively with ______.

A) the number of decisions leaders make
B) ratings of reward power
C) followers' ethical behavior
D) scores on narcissism scales

Question 76

Which scholar holds that it is the leader's role to raise followers to a higher level of morality?

A) Burns
B) Heifetz
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 77

Which of the following is not listed as a principle of distributive justice?

A) according to merit or performance
B) according to individual effort
C) an equal share or opportunity
D) according to personal commitment

Question 78

Recent research by Anderson and colleagues suggests that Millennials ______.

A) share the same ethical perspective as older workplace generations
B) put work first over all else, viewing workplace ethics as paramount
C) are so focused on intrinsic rewards that they are not susceptible to unethical behavior
D) are less likely to seek guidance from their leader when making an ethical decision

Question 79

Whose ethical perspective speaks directly to values of workers and values of organizations?

A) Burns
B) Heifetz
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 80

Measuring ethical leadership by using surveys to collect self-reported scores is ______.

A) the only reliable and valid way to measure ethics
B) prone to skewing results in a negative direction
C) susceptible to social desirability bias and inflated scores
D) unheard of in social science research