Deck 9: Organizational Cultures, innovation, and Change

Question 1

Improving the way things are done is called __________.

A) product innovation
B) process innovation
C) creativity
D) commercializing innovation

Answer 1

B

Question 2

ABC Manufacturing on a monthly basis holds an achievement award programs to recognize the most productive employees each month.These are __________ that contribute to a ABC's core values.

A) stories
B) heroes
C) rites and rituals
D) symbols

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of these refers to the practices that create meaning and shared community among employees?

A) Functional management
B) Workplace spirituality
C) Employee manipulation
D) Bureaucratic control

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A manager who uses symbols to establish and maintain a desired organizational culture is a(n)__________.

A) autocratic manager
B) symbolic leader
C) benevolent leader
D) participative manager

Question 5

A system of shared beliefs and values that guides organizational behavior is called organizational ________.

A) policy
B) rules
C) design
D) culture

Question 6

At Callaway Golf,which of the following would NOT be a part of the observable culture?

A) The way people dress
B) The layout of the offices
C) The lack of executive parking spaces
D) The organizational beliefs

Question 7

In an organization,language and other symbols conveying core values are known as:

A) rites and rituals.
B) symbols.
C) heroes.
D) stories.

Question 8

The process of taking a new idea and putting it into practice is called __________.

A) product
B) innovation
C) creativity
D) brainstorming

Question 9

The process through which new members learn the culture of an organization is called

A) structure.
B) policy.
C) socialization.
D) employee development.

Question 10

What a person sees or hears when he/she is walking around in an organization is part of the organization's

A) observable culture.
B) goals.
C) strategy.
D) employee training.

Question 11

Which of these is NOT true about Organizational culture?

A) It describes the structure of the organization.
B) It is a system of shared beliefs and values.
C) It represents the personality of the organization.
D) It represents the "way we do things around here."

Question 12

At ABC Manufacturing,the process of turning ideas into products/methods that can increase profits would be called which of these?

A) Virtual processing
B) Organizational development
C) Business model innovation
D) Transformational change

Question 13

Which of these indicate the true values or core culture of an organization?

A) Speeches by the top managers
B) The mission statement of the organization
C) The actions of the top managers
D) The handout about the organizations culture and values

Question 14

Product innovation is the:

A) development and introduction of new or improved goods and services.
B) process of selling new or improved goods or services.
C) virtual processing of new or improved goods and services.
D) commercializing of new or improved goods or services

Question 15

Which of the following represent a deeper level of organizational culture that consists of the beliefs and values shared by the organization members?

A) Bureaucratic
B) Core
C) Organic
D) Mechanistic

Question 16

Merck-"highest level of scientific excellence," Whole Foods-"Creating ongoing win-win partnerships with our suppliers," Fedex---"We are honest,ethical,and do the right thing." These are examples of __________.

A) process innovations
B) value-based management
C) values statements
D) mission statements

Question 17

Many West coast companies do not have private offices or parking spaces for their senior managers.This is an example of an organization's __________.

A) corporate policy
B) employee training
C) performance appraisal
D) observable culture

Question 18

Organizations that actively develop,communicate,and enact shared values are practicing __________.

A) functional management
B) value-based management
C) employee manipulation
D) bureaucratic control

Question 19

Strong organizational cultures contribute to performance in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

A) they are high-performance oriented.
B) they focus on getting the job done no matter how.
C) they provide a clear vision.
D) they discourage dysfunctional work behaviors and encourage positive ones.

Question 20

The beliefs shared by organization's members are called __________.

A) corporate doctrine
B) management directive
C) corporate requests
D) core values

Question 21

An individual is a "status quo" manager when they exhibit any of the following traits EXCEPT which one?

A) Making things happen
B) Being bothered by uncertainty
C) Preferring predictability
D) Appearing threatened by change

Question 22

__________ innovation recognizes the potential for valuable innovations to be launched from lower organizational levels and diverse locations,including emerging markets.

A) Reverse
B) Forward
C) Commercializing
D) Virtual

Question 23

Gene is always pursuing creative and innovative ways to solve social problems.Gene is participating in which of the following?

A) Social responsibility
B) Social entrepreneurship
C) Green innovation
D) Commercializing innovation

Question 24

According to Lewin,the correct order in the steps of change is:

A) freezing, refreezing, and changing.
B) unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
C) refreezing, changing, and unfreezing.
D) changing, unfreezing, and refreezing.

Question 25

All of the following are true of major transformational change efforts EXCEPT:

A) they involve radical changes.
B) they result in redirection of the organization.
C) such efforts are intense and highly stressful.
D) overall, they are generally successful.

Question 26

A leader must do all of the following in order to lead transformational change EXCEPT:

A) Establish a sense of urgency
B) Empower others
C) Create and communicate a change vision
D) Follow others

Question 27

The rational persuasion strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.

A) legitimate
B) reward
C) coercive
D) expert

Question 28

Michelle is a manager at MDH Corporation.She is constantly trying to alter the behavior of her employees.Michelle would be considered a(n)_______ leader.

A) top down
B) incremental
C) bottom up
D) change

Question 29

A(n)__________ strategy pursues change through formal authority and the use of rewards or punishments.

A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) irrational

Question 30

A(n)__________ strategy creates change through rational persuasion and empirical argument.

A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) empirical force

Question 31

According to Lewin,which of these steps prepares a system for change?

A) Refreezing
B) Unfreezing
C) Freezing
D) Thawing

Question 32

Vodafone eliminated over 13,500 flights by replacing traveling with videoconferencing.By doing this Vodafone cut about 5,000 tons of carbon emissions.This example is considered what type of innovation?

A) Technology innovation
B) Product innovation
C) Model innovation
D) Green innovation

Question 33

Which phase of planned change,according to Lewin,focuses on stabilizing the change with rewards,positive reinforcement,and resource support?

A) Thawing
B) Refreezing
C) Freezing
D) Unfreezing

Question 34

If ABC,Inc.is focusing on a major and comprehensive redirection of the company,it is called a(n)___________ change.

A) innovative
B) planned
C) transformational
D) incremental

Question 35

The four steps in commercializing innovation are idea generation,initial experimentation,__________,and final application.

A) product introduction
B) process improvement
C) process development
D) feasibility experimentation

Question 36

Which power base is most closely linked to the "shared power" change strategy?

A) Legitimate
B) Referent
C) Coercive
D) Reward

Question 37

A(n)__________ strategy pursues change by participation in assessing change needs,values,and goals.

A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) empirical force

Question 38

Netflix turned movie rental into a subscription business; eBay earns revenues from the users of its online marketplace; Google thrives on advertising revenues driven by ever-expanding Web technologies.These are all examples of __________ innovations.

A) process
B) virtual
C) business model
D) green

Question 39

Which of these describes the special creative units set free from the normal organizational structure for the purpose of innovation?

A) Divisions
B) Skunkworks
C) Research labs
D) Business units

Question 40

Nicole is a manager at N.E.W.Corporation. In order to improve performance,she bends and adjusts the existing ways of performance improvement techniques.Nicole is using what type of change?

A) Transactional
B) Incremental
C) Bottom up
D) Transformational

Question 41

Special creative units set free from the normal organizational structure are called advanced development teams.

Question 42

A person's Facebook profile ought to be unaffected by his/her organizational culture.

Question 43

Research finds that if a company employs the right people,a strong corporate culture will just happen.

Question 44

Commercializing is the process of taking an idea and putting it into action.

Question 45

The "burning bridge" phase is another way to see Lewin's "unfreezing," as it is an attempt to get people to see that they have to "jump" into the change.

Question 46

Transformational change is more important to an organization than incremental change.

Question 47

The "forced coercion" change strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.

A) legitimate
B) traditional
C) expert
D) referent

Question 48

Creating innovative ways to solve pressing social problems is called social engineering.

Question 49

Highly innovative companies include innovation in their strategy.

Question 50

Using robots to improve manufacturing efficiency is an example of product innovation.

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a source of resistance to change?

A) Past successful change
B) Fear of the unknown
C) Loss of control
D) Loss of face

Question 52

Core cultures are found in the underlying values of the organization.

Question 53

Given the impossibility of actually "seeing" assumptions and beliefs,it is not possible to actually see the culture of an organization; it is just something that you feel.

Question 54

Weak cultures have been identified as a problem for organizational success.

Question 55

Once an idea is generated,the next step is commercialization.

Question 56

One of the challenges for managers is that values statements are easy to develop and write,but hard to live up to.

Question 57

In highly innovative organizations,staffing supports innovation.

Question 58

One firm now considered a benchmark for its special culture is Zappos.

Question 59

Both Baby Boomers and Gen Ys rate flexible work as important.

Question 60

Fortunately,strong corporate cultures are easy to develop and quick to implement.

Question 61

The overall process of developing new ideas and putting them into practice is known as __________.

Question 62

Name and explain Kurt Lewin's three phases of planned change.

Question 63

What does it mean to commercialize innovation? Briefly describe the four steps of this process.

Question 64

Practices that create meaning and shared community among organizational members are known as __________.

Question 65

In order for the rational persuasion strategy to work,the leader must have expert power in the eyes of the followers.

Question 66

__________ is the process through which new members learn the culture of an organization.

Question 67

Name and define the three types of change strategies along with their corresponding power bases.

Question 68

Define organizational culture,observable culture,core culture,and the factors that affect each of them.

Question 69

In the force-coercion change strategy,the __________ tactic involves working indirectly to gain special advantage over other people in order to force change.

Question 70

__________ management involves operating with a commitment to actively help develop,communicate,and represent the shared values within an organization.

Question 71

__________ is the process of turning new ideas into salable products.

Question 72

Change that seeks to tweak or modify the existing system is called __________ change.

Question 73

The underlying values and assumptions that support the observable culture are part of the __________ culture.

Question 74

The observable culture is visible via the __________ and __________ shared among the organizational members on a regular basis.

Question 75

In the __________ change strategy,change is pursued through empirical data and rational judgment.

Question 76

In Lewin's third phase of planned change,the change leader's task is to implement change.

Question 77

__________ are individuals who take on the responsibility for changing the existing pattern of behavior in a system.

Question 78

__________ is a system of shared meanings,beliefs,and values that develop in an organization and guides the behavior of its members.

Question 79

Define innovation,and describe the three types of innovation.

Question 80

When dealing with resistance to change,managers may use facilitation and support to provide encouragement and training.