Deck 16: Diversity and Global Cultures

Question 1

Jason has always argued that his membership group is superior to every other one.This is known as:

A) ethnocentrism.
B) ethics.
C) self-involvement.
D) self-indulgent.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

How open an organization is to hiring anyone who can perform a specific job is called __________.

A) exclusivity
B) discrimination
C) diversity
D) inclusivity

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Building an inclusive work environment that allows everyone to reach his or her potential is called __________.

A) employee development
B) open management
C) management training
D) managing diversity

Answer 3

D

Question 4

___________ is the most productive end of the diversity leadership continuum which involves active inclusion of diversity in organizational operations with a goal of multiculturalism.

A) Workplace diversity
B) Managing diversity
C) Affirmative action
D) Biculturalism

Question 5

Why are Glass ceilings problematic?

A) Unfortunately, power is distributed equally throughout organizations.
B) Women have finally erased the barrier; minorities still face it.
C) They encourage women and minorities to stay in an organization.
D) Most top executives are older, white males and there is little opportunity for others.

Question 6

The problem with subcultures in organizations is that:

A) they tend to form informally.
B) ethnocentric tendencies cause members to look down on outsiders.
C) they are formed by individuals with similar characteristics.
D) members identify more closely to them than to the larger organization.

Question 7

Leadership in an organization commits the organization to hiring and advancing minorities and women.This is called __________.

A) diversity exclusion
B) ethnocentrism
C) pluralism
D) affirmative action

Question 8

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a multicultural organization?

A) Pluralism
B) Structural integration
C) Informal network integration
D) Prejudice

Question 9

The three types of subcultures are ____________,ethnic,and gender.

A) historical
B) national
C) occupational
D) international

Question 10

A company that is based on pluralism and operates with inclusivity and respect for diversity is called a __________ organization.

A) multinational
B) multicultural
C) business franchise
D) government subsidized

Question 11

Organizational __________ are groupings of people based on shared demographic and job identities.

A) departments
B) divisions
C) subcultures
D) hierarchies

Question 12

An organization that is mature about diversity should be able to answer a confident "yes" to all of the following questions EXCEPT:

A) Do you understand diversity concepts?
B) Do you accept responsibility for improving your performance?
C) Are you willing to learn continuously?
D) Are you willing to encourage glass ceiling?

Question 13

Sara,the director of human resources at Worldwide Products Inc.,is continually in the process of training managers on anti-discriminatory practices and establishing an inclusive diverse environment at the company.Sara is practicing __________.

A) discrimination
B) management diversity
C) value management
D) biculturalism

Question 14

The three steps in Roosevelt Thomas' continuum of leadership approaches to diversity are affirmative action,__________,and valuing diversity.

A) leadership policy
B) diversity regulations
C) managing diversity
D) equal employment

Question 15

__________ occurs when minorities adopt the characteristics of the majority culture in order to succeed.

A) Ecological fallacy
B) Transformation
C) Cultural diversity
D) Biculturalism

Question 16

The problem of high employee turnover among minorities and women has been called __________.

A) the revolving door syndrome
B) the glass ceiling effect
C) ethnocentrism
D) an organizational subculture

Question 17

The __________ is a hidden barrier that restricts the advancement of women and minorities into senior level management positions.

A) invisible wall
B) glass ceiling
C) affirmative action
D) human resource department

Question 18

Bill is at a business dinner meeting in India.When his Indian associates all light up a cigarette after the meal,Bill lectures them on the evils of smoking based on his cultural values and walks out of the restaurant.Bill is guilty of __________.

A) subcultural preference
B) ethnocentrism
C) monochromic behavior
D) polychromic behavior

Question 19

According to Roosevelt Thomas,affirmative action has __________ the desire of minorities to assimilate into the workforce.

A) increased
B) decreased
C) had no effect on
D) equaled

Question 20

__________ is a word used to describe differences in people's race,religion,age,and other factors.

A) Dichotomy
B) Detail
C) Diversity
D) Departmental

Question 21

The confusion and discomfort that a person experiences when in an unfamiliar culture is called __________.

A) cultural diversity
B) ecological fallacy
C) proxemics
D) culture shock

Question 22

According to a survey done by FDS International of the United Kingdom,the country with best overall employee morale is ___________.

A) the United States
B) Germany
C) the Netherlands
D) Japan

Question 23

_________ is the study of how people use interpersonal space.

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Inter-space
C) Proxemics
D) Ecology

Question 24

Vince,a middle manager at United Imports Inc.,is in Japan on a business trip to visit a major supplier.After work,his Japanese hosts take him to a Japanese barbecue restaurant.Two of the main entrees are horsemeat and sparrow with the heads on.Vince is very uncomfortable with these dishes and does not know what to do.Vince is suffering a condition known as ________.

A) culture shock
B) an upset stomach
C) diplomacy
D) bad food

Question 25

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,__________ is the degree to which a society emphasizes individuals and their self-interests.

A) uncertainty avoidance
B) individualism-collectivism
C) power distance
D) time orientation

Question 26

In a(n)___________culture,people do one thing at a time.

A) individualistic
B) high-context
C) low-context
D) monochronic

Question 27

A culture in which people are multi-tasking is called a __________ culture.

A) group
B) polychronic
C) diverse
D) high-context

Question 28

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,__________ is the degree to which a society tolerates uncertainty.

A) uncertainty avoidance
B) individualism-collectivism
C) power distance
D) time orientation

Question 29

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,which of the following is the degree to which a society accepts unequal distribution of power?

A) Uncertainty avoidance
B) Individualism-collectivism
C) Power distance
D) Time orientation

Question 30

A culture that includes nonverbal signals and context when interpreting communication is classified as a(n)__________.

A) individualistic culture
B) high-context culture
C) collectivistic culture
D) low-context culture

Question 31

A member of one of your student team is from a collectivistic culture.She is more likely to behave in which of the following ways?

A) Step forward to be the team leader
B) Offer to lead the team presentation
C) Confront a fellow member who is not making a "fair-share" contribution
D) Work diligently on their part of the project with little fanfare

Question 32

What is the last stage in adjusting to a new culture?

A) Irritation and anger
B) Honeymoon
C) Reality
D) Small victories

Question 33

Which of the following is not an aspect of cultural intelligence?

A) High cultural self-awareness
B) Flexibility in your dealings
C) Willingness to learn about the unfamiliar
D) Consistency and commitment to maintain your home cultural behaviors

Question 34

Cultural ____________ is the ability to adapt to new cultures.

A) shock
B) proxemics
C) training
D) intelligence

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT one of Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures?

A) Power distance
B) Uncertainty avoidance
C) Time orientation
D) Educational background

Question 36

A(n)___________ culture is one that relies mainly on the written and spoken word.

A) individualistic culture
B) high-context culture
C) ethnocentric culture
D) low-context culture

Question 37

Bryan has just moved to Japan from the United States.He currently feels overwhelmed by the new culture,and it has become a target of his criticism.Bryan is in what stage of adjusting to a new culture?

A) Confusion
B) Irritation and anger
C) Reality
D) Small victories

Question 38

In a high context culture,such as Italy,one would expect to find __________.

A) high uncertainty avoidance
B) monochromic behavior
C) a high degree of nonverbal communication
D) a low power distance rating

Question 39

The first stage in adjusting to a new culture is __________.

A) irritation and anger
B) honeymoon
C) confusion
D) reality

Question 40

The stages of adjusting to a new culture do not include:

A) irritation and anger.
B) honeymoon.
C) reality.
D) power and distance.

Question 41

Diversity can provide competitive advantage for a firm and is easy to implement.

Question 42

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,the degree to which a society emphasizes short-term or long-term goals is called:

A) uncertainty avoidance.
B) individualism-collectivism.
C) power distance.
D) time orientation.

Question 43

Hofstede was concerned about the tendency for people to assume that generalized cultural values could be applied to all members of a culture.He called this tendency __________.

A) general approach
B) ecological fallacy
C) equal distribution
D) unreasonable expectation

Question 44

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,which is the degree to which a society values assertiveness and materialism?

A) Uncertainty avoidance
B) Individualism-collectivism
C) Power distance
D) Masculinity-femininity

Question 45

Hall argues that we need to be aware of more than just the verbal languages of other countries; his emphasis on "silent languages" refers to understanding communication context,the perspective of time,and the use of space.

Question 46

_________ includes race,gender,age,and other individual differences.

Question 47

Affirmative action is the most effective and efficient way to implement and benefit from diversity.

Question 48

Proxemics is the study of how people use personal time to communicate.

Question 49

The positive model for diversity is to achieve masculine status as an organization.

Question 50

According to Hofstede's five dimensions of national cultures,the United States is more accepting of uncertainty than is Japan.

Question 51

Awareness of the glass ceiling has resulted in a significant improvement in the number of women in senior management positions.

Question 52

The stages of adjustment to culture shock are a series of steady improvements after the initial stage of confusion.

Question 53

Culture shock deals with the ability to adapt to new cultures.

Question 54

Research suggests that biculturalism is a positive step in resolving the diversity issue.

Question 55

A culture that is high in uncertainty avoidance would be known for its entrepreneurial spirit.

Question 56

Another way to view monochronic cultures is as a group of flexible multi-taskers.

Question 57

Subcultures are necessary to achieve organizational diversity.

Question 58

Ethnocentrism is necessary to establishing organizational diversity.

Question 59

The most highly individualistic country,according to Hofstede's sample,is __________.

A) Japan
B) Germany
C) China
D) the United States

Question 60

Harris and Conference Board polls report that younger workers tend to be more satisfied with their jobs than older workers.

Question 61

__________ is building an inclusive work environment that allows everyone to reach his or her potential.

Question 62

Beyond the legal issues,make the business case for diversity.

Question 63

______ subcultures form among people doing the same kinds of work.

Question 64

The feeling of confusion and discomfort felt in dealing with an unfamiliar culture is called ____________.

Question 65

____________ is the belief that one's membership group or subculture is superior to all others.

Question 66

The ability to adapt and adjust to new cultures is a reflection of one's __________.

Question 67

Regarding diversity,the concept of __________ is similar to that of stereotyping.

Question 68

Organizational __________ are informal groupings of people with shared identities within a larger organization.

Question 69

Edward T.Hall,an anthropologist,believes that cultures have "silent" languages that are found in their approach to communications context,time,and space.What are these cultural languages? Describe each.

Question 70

While the value of diversity is obvious,what makes it so difficult to manage in global companies?

Question 71

The barrier to women and minorities that manifests itself in the lack of diversity in the upper ranks of organizational management is known as the __________.

Question 72

An effort made by women and minorities to "fit in" by taking on behaviors and characteristics displayed by the majority is known as ___________.

Question 73

Hofstede identified five value differences among national cultures.What are they? Define each of them.

Question 74

72.In __________ cultures people tend to do one thing at a time.

Question 75

__________ is Hall's term for how people use interpersonal space to communicate.

Question 76

Define culture shock and the stages that one experiences as part of it.