Deck 14: Leading and Leadership Development

Question 1

The two bases of position power are expertise and reference.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A human relations leader emphasizes people over task.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In a reward power relationship,the power is lost as soon as the value of the reward or the reward itself is taken away.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The quality of leader-member relations measures the degree to which a position gives a leader power to reward and punish subordinates.

Question 5

Visionary leadership is based on serving others and helping them use their talents fully so that organizations benefit society.

Question 6

Leadership styles are recurring patterns of behaviors exhibited by leaders.

Question 7

Path-goal theory contributed to the recognition of substitutes for leadership.

Question 8

A manager who follows a democratic style of leadership is known as a team manager.

Question 9

Coercive power involves use of incentives such as pay raises,bonuses,promotions,special assignments,and verbal or written compliments.

Question 10

Consultative decisions and group decisions contribute to leadership development by allowing others to gain experience in the problem-solving process.

Question 11

Physical characteristics such as a person's height,weight,and physique contribute in determining leadership success.

Question 12

Legitimate power is the ability to influence through expertise.

Question 13

Fred Fiedler's research showed that both the task-oriented and the relationship-oriented leadership styles were effective all the time.

Question 14

The Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model suggests that successful leaders never change their styles.

Question 15

An authority decision is made by a leader after receiving information,advice,or opinions from group members.

Question 16

Expertise is a power derived from charisma or interpersonal attractiveness.

Question 17

A laissez-faire leader emphasizes both tasks and people.

Question 18

A manager who follows a laissez-faire style of leadership is known as an impoverished manager.

Question 19

A leader high in concern for task,plans and defines the work to be done,assigns task responsibilities,sets clear work standards,urges task completion,and monitors performance results.

Question 20

Fred Fiedler developed the situational leadership model.

Question 21

Which of the following is a benefit of having a visionary leadership?

A) It only exists when every team member exercises power and achieves influence within an organization.
B) It gives meaning to people's work; it makes what they do seem worthy and valuable.
C) It is only based on serving others and helping them use their talents fully so that organizations benefit society.
D) It never allows team members to take decisions and act accordingly.
E) It requires managers to act in a unilateral fashion and retain authority and information.

Question 22

Interactive leadership uses command-and-control use of position power to get work done.

Question 23

According to Peter Drucker,effective leadership is primarily based on being clever and not on being consistent.

Question 24

Moral leadership begins with personal integrity,a concept fundamental to the notion of transformational leadership.

Question 25

Legitimate power differs from referent power in that legitimate power is the ability to influence through:

A) authority.
B) skills, knowledge, and information.
C) expertise.
D) punishment.
E) rewards.

Question 26

Identify the definition of legitimate power from the following.

A) It is the capacity to influence other people using specialized knowledge.
B) It is the capacity to influence other people by personally identifying with them.
C) It is the capacity to offer something of value as a means of influencing other people.
D) It is the capacity to punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influencing other people.
E) It is the capacity to influence other people by virtue of formal authority, or the rights of office.

Question 27

Which of the following statements refer to expert power?

A) It is the capacity to influence other people by virtue of formal authority, or the rights of office.
B) It is the capacity to influence other people because of specialized knowledge.
C) It is the capacity to offer something of value as a means of influencing other people.
D) It is the capacity to influence other people by personally identifying with them.
E) It is the capacity to punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influencing other people.

Question 28

When a manager uses referent power,he or she has the capacity to:

A) influence other people using specialized knowledge.
B) influence other people by virtue of formal authority, or the rights of office.
C) punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influencing other people.
D) influence other people because of their desire to identify personally with the manager.
E) offer something of value as a means of influencing other people.

Question 29

Which of the following types of powers is a manager exerting when he or she says,"I am the boss; therefore,you are supposed to do as I ask"?

A) Referent power
B) Legitimate power
C) Coercive power
D) Expert power
E) Reward power

Question 30

Which of the following bases of power refers to the ability to influence through identification?

A) Legitimate power
B) Expert power
C) Referent power
D) Coercive power
E) Reward power

Question 31

Which of the following is true of referent power?

A) It is only maintained by protecting one's credibility by not overstepping boundaries and pretending to have expertise that really isn't there.
B) It is only based on serving others and helping them use their talents fully so that organizations benefit society.
C) It never allows others to exercise power and achieve influence within an organization.
D) It can be developed and maintained through good interpersonal relationships that encourage the admiration and respect of others.
E) It never allows managers to act in a unilateral fashion.

Question 32

A leader who is strong in emotional intelligence lacks self-awareness.

Question 33

The concept of servant leadership fits with the concept of a moral leader.

Question 34

Which of the following accurately defines reward power?

A) It is the capacity to offer something of value as a means of influencing other people.
B) It is the capacity to punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influencing other people.
C) It is the capacity to influence other people by virtue of formal authority, or the rights of office.
D) It is the capacity to influence other people because of specialized knowledge.
E) It is the capacity to influence other people by personally identifying with them.

Question 35

Transformational leaders use their position of authority to inspire followers.

Question 36

Which of the following is a basis of personal power?

A) Reward power
B) Coercive power
C) Legitimate power
D) Authority power
E) Referent power

Question 37

A leader's choice among alternative decision-making methods is governed only by the decision time factor.

Question 38

Coercive power is the capacity to:

A) offer something of value as a means of influencing other people.
B) influence other people by virtue of formal authority, or the rights of office.
C) punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influencing other people.
D) influence other people because of specialized knowledge.
E) influence other people by personally identifying with them.

Question 39

Which of the following is true of legitimate power?

A) It can only be obtained through the use of incentives such as pay raises, bonuses, promotions, special assignments, and verbal or written compliments.
B) It can only be gained from experience and accomplishments as well as access to useful information.
C) It is the right by virtue of one's organizational position or status to exercise control over persons in subordinate positions.
D) It only exists when people expect rewards and a leader makes rewards inconsistently available.
E) It is derived from charisma or interpersonal attractiveness.

Question 40

Which of the following is a function of leading?

A) Setting directions and objectives
B) Bringing together resources
C) Creating structures
D) Motivating commitment and hard work
E) Ensuring results

Question 41

An authority-obedience manager focuses on _____.

A) balancing work output and employee morale
B) people's needs and building relationships
C) efficiency of tasks and operations
D) minimum effort to get work done
E) building participation and support for a shared purpose

Question 42

When a leader is high in concern for people,he or she:

A) assigns task responsibilities.
B) urges task completion from employees.
C) monitors the performance of employees.
D) sets clear work standards for employees.
E) acts with supportiveness toward employees.

Question 43

A(n)_____ manager primarily focuses on getting work done with minimum effort.

A) achievement-oriented
B) team
C) authority-obedience
D) country club
E) impoverished

Question 44

Which of the following management traits would an autocratic leader have?

A) Low concern for production; low concern for people
B) Low concern for people; high concern for production
C) High concern for production; high concern for people
D) High concern for people; low concern for production
E) Constantly changing concern for both people and production

Question 45

When a leader is said to have cognitive ability what does it indicate?

A) The leader has high energy, displays initiative, and is tenacious.
B) The leader is creative and original in his or her thinking.
C) The leader has the intelligence to integrate and interpret information.
D) The leader enjoys influencing others to achieve shared goals.
E) The leader has confidence in his or her abilities.

Question 46

When a leader practices an autocratic style of leadership,he or she:

A) shows little concern for a task.
B) emphasizes people over tasks.
C) acts in a command-and-control fashion.
D) lets team members make decisions.
E) acts with a "do the best you can and don't bother me" attitude.

Question 47

An employee-centered leader:

A) monitors the performance of employees.
B) urges task completion from employees.
C) sets clear work standards for employees.
D) maintains good social relations with employees.
E) defines the work to be done by employees.

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic of an autocratic leader?

A) Emphasizes tasks over people
B) Lets team members make decisions
C) Shows little concern for tasks
D) Encourages participation in decision making
E) Helps others develop their skills and capabilities

Question 49

Which of the following characteristics refers to a leader practicing a human relations style of leadership?

A) Acting in a command-and-control fashion
B) Acting in a unilateral fashion
C) Acting with a "do the best you can and don't bother me" attitude
D) Retaining authority and information
E) Emphasizing people over task

Question 50

An autocratic leader differs from a leader practicing laissez-faire style of leadership in that an autocratic leader:

A) lets team members make decisions.
B) shows little concern for tasks.
C) emphasizes people over tasks.
D) retains authority and information.
E) acts with a "do the best you can and don't bother me" attitude.

Question 51

Which of the following is true of a leader who is production-centered?

A) The leader allows employees to choose their own work.
B) The leader lets employees take their own time to complete work.
C) The leader sets clear work standards for employees.
D) The leader maintains good social relations with employees.
E) The leader shows trust in employees and allows them to make decisions regarding work.

Question 52

Which of the following is a function of a leader high in concern for people?

A) The leader shows trust in employees.
B) The leader plans the work to be done by employees.
C) The leader assigns task responsibilities to employees.
D) The leader sets clear work standards for employees.
E) The leader monitors the work of each employee.

Question 53

Identify the function of a leader who is production-centered from the following statements.

A) Displays sensitivity toward the needs of employees
B) Monitors performance results of employees
C) Shows trust in employees
D) Acts with supportiveness toward employees
E) Respects the feelings of employees

Question 54

Which of the following accurately defines "empowerment"?

A) The ability to manage emotions in social relationships
B) The ability to exercise dominating power over people to force them to be more productive
C) The ability to act with honesty, credibility, and consistency in putting values into action
D) The process of explaining task directions in a supportive and persuasive way
E) The process of allowing others to exercise power and achieve influence within an organization

Question 55

When a leader is high in concern for task performance,he or she:

A) assigns task responsibilities to employees.
B) maintains good social relations with employees.
C) is sensitive toward employees' needs.
D) is supportive toward employees.
E) shows trust in employees.

Question 56

Which of the following kinds of management traits would a human relations leader have?

A) Low concern for production; low concern for people
B) Low concern for people; high concern for production
C) High concern for production; high concern for people
D) High concern for people; low concern for production
E) Constantly changing concern for both people and production

Question 57

Which of the following is a characteristic of a laissez-faire leader?

A) Acts in a command-and-control fashion
B) Lets team members make decisions
C) Retains authority and information
D) Emphasizes task over people
E) Actively helps others develop their skills

Question 58

Servant leadership differs from visionary leadership in that servant leadership:

A) is follower-centered.
B) influences through authority.
C) controls persons in subordinate positions.
D) influences through punishment.
E) is coercive.

Question 59

When a leader enjoys influencing others to achieve shared goals,he or she has the personal trait of _____.

A) dependability
B) flexibility
C) cognitive ability
D) integrity
E) motivation

Question 60

Which of the following management traits would a laissez-faire leader have?

A) Low concern for production; low concern for people
B) Low concern for people; high concern for production
C) High concern for production; high concern for people
D) High concern for people; low concern for production
E) Balanced and equal concern for people and production

Question 61

In Fiedler's contingency model,the least-preferred co-worker scale is used to:

A) increase a leader's power.
B) improve a leader's leadership traits.
C) measure a person's leadership style.
D) measure the rewards to be given to a leader.
E) improve a leader's situational strength.

Question 62

According to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model,the telling style of leadership works best in:

A) low-readiness followers who are unable but willing and insecure.
B) low-readiness situations, where followers are unable and unwilling, or insecure.
C) high-readiness situations with able, willing, and confident followers.
D) moderate-to-high-readiness followers who are unable, but willing or confident.
E) low-to-moderate-readiness followers who are able but unwilling, or insecure.

Question 63

Which of the following types of leadership styles follows a low-task,high-relationship feature according to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model?

A) Instructing
B) Participating
C) Selling
D) Telling
E) Delegating

Question 64

Which of the following management traits would a democratic leader have?

A) Low concern for production; low concern for people
B) Low concern for people; high concern for production
C) High concern for production; high concern for people
D) High concern for people; low concern for production
E) Constantly changing concern for both people and production

Question 65

According to the path-goal leadership theory,which of the following is a function highlighted in the directive leadership style?

A) Clarifying the leader's role in a group
B) Showing concern for the well-being of subordinates
C) Emphasizing continuous improvement in performance
D) Involving team members in decision making
E) Displaying confidence in meeting high standards

Question 66

According to Fiedler's contingency model,the quality of leader-member relations measures the _____.

A) degree to which a group supports a leader
B) extent to which task goals and procedures are clearly spelled out
C) extent to which a leader has authority over his or her supporters
D) degree to which the position gives a leader power to reward subordinates
E) degree to which the position gives a leader power to punish subordinates

Question 67

According to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model,the delegating style of leadership works best in:

A) low-readiness situations, where followers are unable and unwilling, or insecure.
B) low-to-moderate-readiness followers who are able but unwilling, or insecure.
C) moderate-to-high-readiness followers who are unable, but willing or confident.
D) low-readiness followers who are unable but willing and insecure.
E) high-readiness situations with able, willing, and confident followers.

Question 68

The selling style of leadership is recommended for:

A) low-readiness followers who are unable but willing and insecure.
B) low-to-moderate-readiness followers who are able but unwilling, or insecure.
C) moderate-to-high-readiness followers who are unable, but willing or confident.
D) high-readiness situations with able, willing, and confident followers.
E) low-readiness situations, where followers are unable and unwilling, or insecure.

Question 69

Which of the following types of leadership styles follows a high-task,high-relationship feature according to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model?

A) Instructing
B) Participating
C) Selling
D) Telling
E) Delegating

Question 70

In which of the following situations is the participating style of leadership recommended?

A) With low-to-moderate readiness followers who are able but unwilling, or insecure
B) With moderate-to-high-readiness followers who are unable but willing or confident
C) With low-readiness followers who are unable but willing and insecure
D) With low-readiness situations, where followers are unable and unwilling, or insecure
E) With high-readiness situations with able, willing, and confident followers

Question 71

Which of the following is a characteristic of a democratic leader?

A) Emphasizing tasks over people
B) Emphasizing people over tasks
C) Encouraging employee participation in decision making
D) Showing little concern for tasks
E) Displaying a "do the best you can and don't bother me" attitude

Question 72

According to the path-goal leadership theory,which of the following is highlighted in an achievement-oriented leadership style?

A) Showing concern for the well-being of subordinates
B) Clarifying the leader's role in a group
C) Emphasizing continuous improvement in performance
D) Consulting team members and asking for suggestions
E) Treating team members as equals

Question 73

Which of the following types of leadership styles follows a low-task,low-relationship feature according to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model?

A) Instructing
B) Participating
C) Selling
D) Telling
E) Delegating

Question 74

Which of the following is a characteristic of a democratic leader?

A) Getting things done while sharing information
B) Retaining authority and information
C) Acting in a unilateral fashion
D) Acting in a command-and-control fashion
E) Acting with a "do the best you can and don't bother me" attitude

Question 75

Which of the following is true of the path-goal theory?

A) It disregards the tendency of leaders to develop special relationships with some team members.
B) It advances the theory that that one leadership style can fit all situations in decision making.
C) It promotes using just two types of leadership styles for varying situations.
D) It advances theories against changing leadership styles according to situations.
E) It advises leaders to shift among the four leadership styles in ways that fit situational needs.

Question 76

A(n)_____ manager follows a human relations style of leadership.

A) team
B) country club
C) impoverished
D) authority-obedience
E) achievement-oriented

Question 77

Which of the following is suggested by the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model?

A) Successful leaders can only be visionary.
B) Successful leaders only follow the servant leadership style.
C) Successful leaders are all task motivated.
D) Successful leaders may adjust their style of leadership.
E) Successful leaders always stick to any one particular form of leadership style.

Question 78

From the following,identify the function of the supportive leadership style in the path-goal leadership theory.

A) Setting challenging goals
B) Treating team members as equals
C) Expecting the highest levels of performance
D) Involving team members in decision making
E) Clarifying the leader's role in a group

Question 79

The telling style of leadership has a_____ feature.

A) constantly changing task-relationship
B) low-task, high-relationship
C) high-task, high-relationship
D) high-task, low-relationship
E) low-task, low-relationship

Question 80

A democratic leader differs from an autocratic leader in that a democratic leader:

A) emphasizes tasks over people.
B) acts in a unilateral fashion.
C) shows little concern for a task.
D) helps others develop their skills and capabilities.
E) displays a command-and-control type of leadership.