Deck 13: Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants

Question 1

Which of the following natural health products are used by some people to promote sleep and to relieve anxiety and restlessness?

A)Kava
B)Garlic
C)Ginger
D)Ginkgo

Answer 1

Kava

Question 2

A 45-year-old female has been taking dantrolene (Dantrium)as part of the treatment for multiple sclerosis.Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor while the patient receives dantrolene?

A)Creatinine
B)Sedimentation rate
C)Liver function studies
D)Hemoglobin and hematocrit

Answer 2

Liver function studies

Question 3

A patient has been taking phenobarbital for 2 weeks as part of his therapy for epilepsy.He says that he feels tense and that the "least little thing" bothers him now.What is the nurse's best explanation to the patient?

A)These adverse effects will often subside after a few weeks.
B)The drug should be stopped immediately because of possible adverse effects.
C)This drug causes the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period to increase, resulting in nightmares and restlessness.
D)This drug causes deprivation of REM sleep and may cause the inability to deal with normal stress.

Answer 3

This drug causes deprivation of REM sleep and may cause the inability to deal with normal stress.

Question 4

One of the potential disadvantages of chloral hydrate (Chlorinum)is that tachyphylaxis may develop.Which of the following describes tachyphylaxis?

A)Rapid heart rate
B)Rapid respiration rate
C)A rapid decrease in response to the drug after repeated doses
D)A drug's ability to reach the therapeutic index level more rapidly than other drugs

Question 5

Which of the following is a true statement about sedatives and hypnotics?

A)The two terms mean the same thing.
B)A hypnotic causes sleep.
C)Low doses of sedatives will cause sleep.
D)Compare with sedatives,hypnotics have a less potent effect on the central nervous system.

Question 6

A patient has been taking temazepam (Restoril)for intermittent insomnia.She tells the nurse that when she takes it,she sleeps well,but the next day she feels "so tired." What is the nurse's best explanation to the patient?

A)Long-term use results in a sedative effect.
B)She should take the drug every night to reduce this hangover effect.
C)Benzodiazepines affect the sleep cycle, thus causing a hangover effect.
D)Benzodiazepines increase central nervous system (CNS)activity,thus causing tiredness the next day.

Question 7

Which of the following is the best treatment of an acute overdose of secobarbital (Seconal)?

A)Infusion with diluted bicarbonate solution
B)Giving medications to decrease blood pressure
C)Maintaining the airway and supporting respirations
D)Administration of nalbuphine (Nubain)as an antagonist

Question 8

A patient is recovering from a minor automobile accident that occurred 1 week ago.He is taking cyclobenzaprine (Novo-Cycloprine)for muscular pain and goes to physical therapy three times a week.Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be appropriate for him?

A)Risk for falls related to decreased sensorium
B)Risk for addiction related to psychological dependency
C)Excess fluid volume related to potential adverse effects
D)Disturbed sleep pattern related to the drug's interference with rapid eye movement (REM)sleep

Question 9

The nurse is preparing to administer a barbiturate.Which of the following conditions or disorders is a contraindication to the use of these drugs? Select all that apply.

A)Gout
B)Pregnancy
C)Epilepsy
D)Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Peripheral vascular disease
F)Advanced liver disease
G)Current use of an opioid analgesic

Question 10

A 50-year-old male who has been taking phenobarbital for 1 week is found unresponsive.His wife states that he takes no other prescription drugs and that he did not take an overdose-the correct number of pills is in the bottle.What might have happened?

A)He took a multivitamin.
B)He drank a glass of wine.
C)He took a dose of aspirin.
D)He developed an allergy to the drug.

Question 11

A patient is taking flurazepam (Apo-Flurazepam)3 to 4 nights a week for sleeplessness.She is concerned that she cannot get to sleep without taking the medication.What measures are appropriate for this patient?

A)Trying to establish set sleep patterns
B)Exercising before bedtime to become tired
C)Consuming heavy meals in the evening to promote sleepiness
D)Drinking warm beverages,such as tea or coffee,just before bedtime