Question 1

During a blood transfusion,a patient begins to complain of chills and back pain.Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?&#10;A)Observe for other symptoms&#10;B)Slow the infusion rate and monitor vital signs&#10;C)Discontinue the infusion immediately and notify the physician&#10;D)Tell the patient that the symptoms are a normal reaction to the blood product

Accepted Answer

Because of the possibility of a transfusion reaction,the infusion should be discontinued immediately and the physician notified.

Question 2

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Dry,sticky mucous membranes&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Dry, sticky mucous membranes are a symptom of hypernatremia, which is an elevated sodium level in the blood.

Question 3

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Stomach cramps&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Stomach cramps are typically associated with hyponatremia, which is a condition characterized by low sodium levels in the blood.

Question 4

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Lethargy&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Lethargy is a symptom of hyponatremia, which is a condition characterized by low sodium levels in the blood.

Question 5

Which of the following is a true statement regarding the administration of potassium?&#10;A)The intravenous rate should not exceed 30 mmol/hr.&#10;B)Oral forms should be given on an empty stomach to maximize absorption.&#10;C)Intravenous solutions should not contain more than 60 mmol/L of potassium.&#10;D)When given intravenously,potassium must always be given in diluted form.

Accepted Answer

When giving intravenous potassium,the medication must always be given in a diluted form and administered slowly.Intravenous (IV)bolus or undiluted forms may cause cardiac arrest.
IV rates are not to exceed 20 mmol/hr.Oral forms should be mixed with juice or water or taken according to instructions.

Question 6

The nurse is planning to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs).Which of the following is the only solution that PRBC can be administered with?&#10;A)5% dextrose in water&#10;B)0.9% sodium chloride&#10;C)5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride&#10;D)5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's

Accepted Answer

Blood products should be given only with 0.9% sodium chloride;5% dextrose in water will cause hemolysis of the blood product.

Question 7

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Seizures&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Seizures can occur in hyponatremia due to the swelling of brain cells as a result of low sodium levels, leading to neurological symptoms.

Question 8

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Decreased urination&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Decreased urination is typically associated with hypernatremia, as the body tries to conserve water to balance the high sodium levels.

Question 9

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Red,flushed skin&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Red, flushed skin is a symptom of hypernatremia. In hypernatremia, the body has too much sodium and not enough water, causing dehydration and dry skin.

Question 10

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Hypotension&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

Hypotension (low blood pressure) is a symptom of hyponatremia, which is a condition of low sodium levels in the blood.

Question 11

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Diarrhea&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status...

Question 12

The nurse is planning to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs).Which of the following patients is most likely be treated with this transfusion?&#10;A)A patient with a coagulation disorder&#10;B)A patient with severe anemia&#10;C)A patient who has lost a massive amount of blood after emergency surgery&#10;D)A patient who has a clotting factor deficiency

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is planning to transfuse a...

Question 13

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Increased thirst&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status...

Question 14

A patient requires transfusion with fresh frozen plasma (FFP).Which of the following conditions is noted on the patient's medical record?&#10;A)Hypovolemic shock&#10;B)Anemia&#10;C)Coagulation disorder&#10;D)Previous transfusion reaction

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient requires transfusion with fresh frozen...

Question 15

A patient is being treated for mild hyponatremia after spending a long day doing gardening work in the heat of the day.Which of the following is the most appropriate action to treat her condition?&#10;A)Oral supplementation of fluids&#10;B)Intravenous (IV)bolus of lactated Ringer's solution&#10;C)Normal saline infusion, administered slowly&#10;D)Oral administration of sodium chloride tablets

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is being treated for mild...

Question 16

During the infusion of albumin,the nurse should monitor the patient for the development of which of the following?&#10;A)Hypernatremia&#10;B)Fluid volume deficit&#10;C)Fluid volume excess&#10;D)Transfusion reaction

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the infusion of albumin,the nurse should...

Question 17

Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with a history of which of the following?&#10;A)Burns&#10;B)Diarrhea&#10;C)Kidney disease&#10;D)Cardiac tachydysrhythmias

Accepted Answer

The answer of Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with...

Question 18

Which of the following is a symptom of early hypokalemia?&#10;A)Seizures&#10;B)Lethargy&#10;C)Stomach cramps&#10;D)Muscle weakness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a symptom...

Question 19

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Increased temperature&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status...

Question 20

Which blood product is indicated to increase clotting factor levels in patients with a demonstrated deficiency?&#10;A)Cryoprecipitate&#10;B)Fresh frozen plasma&#10;C)Packed red blood cells&#10;D)Plasma protein fractions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which blood product is indicated to increase...

Question 21

MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status of each patient.For each of the symptoms listed below,specify whether it is a symptom of hyponatremia (HYPO)or hypernatremia (HYPER).&#10;&#10;Vomiting&#10;A)HYPO&#10;B)HYPER&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;The nurse must monitor the fluid status...

Deck 27: Fluids and Electrolytes