Deck 29: Antilipemic Drugs

Question 1

Which of the following are considered risk factors for high blood cholesterol? Select all that apply.

A)Male 45 years or older
B)Female 45 years or older
C) Family history includes a sister who died at age 69 of a myocardial infarction
D)Family history includes a brother who died at age 40 of a myocardial infarction
E)Current cigarette smoker
F)Slight build
G)Hypertension
H)History of gallbladder disease
I)History of diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

Male 45 years or older
Family history includes a brother who died at age 40 of a myocardial infarction
Current cigarette smoker
Hypertension
History of diabetes mellitus

Question 2

A patient who has recently started therapy on a statin drug asks the nurse how long it will take until he sees an effect on his serum cholesterol.Which of the following is the nurse's best response to the patient?

A)"Blood levels return to normal within a week of beginning therapy."
B)"It takes several weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels."
C)"It takes at least 6 months to see a change in cholesterol levels."
D)"You will need to take this medication for almost a year to see significant results."

Answer 2

"It takes several weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels."

Question 3

Which of the following can be used to minimize the undesirable adverse effects of nicotinic acid?

A)Taking the drug on an empty stomach
B)Starting off on a high initial dosage
C)Taking small doses of aspirin with the drug
D)Taking the drug with large amounts of fibre

Answer 3

Taking small doses of aspirin with the drug

Question 4

Which of the following patients is a likely candidate for drug therapy for cholesterol reduction?

A)A female patient with waist circumference greater than 95 cm and triglyceride level greater than or equal to 1.7 mmol/L
B)A male patient with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C)level greater than 1 mmol/L and blood pressure (BP)greater than 130/85 mmHg
C)A female patient with HDL-C level greater than 1.3 mmol/L and BP greater than 130/85 mmHg
D)A male patient with waist circumference greater than 102 cm and triglyceride level greater than or equal to 1.7 mmol/L

Question 5

A patient is taking gemfibrozil (Lopid)to lower her cholesterol level.What adverse effects should the nurse tell the patient about this medication?

A)Constipation
B)Diarrhea
C)Joint pain
D)Dry mouth

Question 6

Which lipoprotein is indicative of high risk for developing atherosclerosis?

A)Chylomicrons
B)Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
C)High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
D)Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)

Question 7

A patient is taking a statin drug.What important information should the nurse tell this patient?

A)Have a hearing assessment done.
B)Have an ophthalmic assessment done.
C)See a physiotherapist.
D)Take the medication with breakfast.

Question 8

The antilipemic ezetimibe (Ezetrol)is a newer antilipemic drug.Which of the following describes how it works?

A)By preventing resorption of bile acids from the small intestines
B)By inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase
C)By activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
D)By inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine

Question 9

The nurse should monitor for myopathy (muscle pain)when a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?

A)Bile acid sequestrants
B)HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C)Fibric acid derivatives
D)Niacin

Question 10

Patients who are receiving antilipemic drugs need to be closely monitored for the development of which of the following adverse effects?

A)Photosensitivity
B)Pulmonary problems
C)Vitamin C deficiency
D)Liver dysfunction

Question 11

A patient is receiving an antilipemic drug.What important information should the nurse tell the patient about this medication?

A)Begin a vigorous aerobic exercise program.
B)Eat extra servings of raw vegetables and fruit.
C)If a once-a-day dosage regimen is used, take the medication in the morning.
D)To maximize drug absorption,take the medication 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals.

Question 12

Cholestyramine (Nov-Cholamine)and colestipol (Colestid)are most effective in the treatment of which of the following?

A)Type V hyperlipidemia
B)Mixed hyperlipidemias
C)All types of hyperlipidemias
D)Both type IIa and type IIb hyperlipidemias

Question 13

A patient is beginning antilipemic therapy.What food should the nurse tell the patient about when discussing possible drug-food interactions?

A)Oatmeal
B)Grapefruit juice
C)Licorice
D)Dairy products

Question 14

A patient complains that the cholestyramine (Novo-Cholamine)powder he started yesterday clumps and sticks to the glass when he tries to mix it.What is the nurse's best suggestion for mixing this medication for administration?

A)Use a carbonated soft drink to dissolve the powder faster.
B)Add the powder to any liquid and stir vigorously to dissolve quickly.
C)Mix the powder with food or fruit, such as crushed pineapple, or at least 120 mL of fluid.
D)Sprinkle the powder into a spoon and take it dry,followed by a glass of water.