Question 1

The human papilloma virus (HPV)vaccine should be given to which age group of females?&#10;A)2 to 4 years&#10;B)6 to 8 years&#10;C)9 to 13 years&#10;D)14 to 18 years

Accepted Answer

For optimum effectiveness,the HPV vaccine is recommended to be given to females between 9 and 13 years of age,before the onset of sexual intercourse.

Question 2

A 12-month-old infant has received a measles,mumps,and rubella virus (MMR)vaccine.Her mother calls the clinic to ask how she can help her infant to "feel better." What is the nurse's best suggestion to the mother?

A)Apply an ice pack to the injection site.
B)Give the infant pediatric aspirin for the pain.
C)Apply warm compresses to the injection site.
D)Observe the site for further swelling and redness.

Apply warm compresses to the injection site.

Accepted Answer

Applying warm compresses to the injection site and using acetaminophen (not aspirin,which carries the risk of Reye's syndrome)should help to relieve the infant's discomfort.
Contraindications to the administration of immunizing agents include active infections,pregnancy,febrile illnesses,a history of reactions or serious adverse effects to the drugs,and patients who are already immunosuppressed.

Question 3

Two patients arrive at the clinic: a young boy with sickle-cell anemia and a 57-year-old woman with early-stage Hodgkin's disease.Both patients require the same vaccine.What vaccine do they require?&#10;A)The Bacillus Calmette-Gu&#233;rin (BCG)vaccine&#10;B)Tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis&#10;C)Hepatitis B virus vaccine, inactivated&#10;D)Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine

Accepted Answer

H influenzae type b conjugate vaccine is usually given to patients with sickle cell anemia,an immunodeficiency syndrome,or Hodgkin's disease.

Question 4

Which type of immunity occurs when the body is exposed to a relatively harmless form of an antigen that imprints this information on the body's memory bank and stimulates the body's defences to resist any subsequent exposures?

A)Active immunity
B)Attenuating immunity
C)Naturally acquired passive immunity
D)Artificially acquired passive immunity

Accepted Answer

Active immunity causes an antigen-antibody response and stimulates the body's defences to resist any subsequent exposures.

Question 5

A 45-year-old male has had a series of equine-made immunizing drugs in preparation for a trip to a Third World country.His wife brings him to the emergency room because he has developed edema of the face,tongue,and throat and is having trouble breathing.What is he experiencing?

A)Serum sickness
B)Cross-sensitivity
C)An adverse effect
D)An anaphylactic reaction

Accepted Answer

Serum sickness sometimes occurs after repeated injections of equine-made immunizing agents and is characterized by edema of the face,tongue,and throat;rash;urticaria;fever;flushing;dyspnea;and other symptoms.

Question 6

At what age is the first dose of diphtheria,tetanus,and acellular pertussis,and inactivated polio vaccine (DTaP-IPV)given?&#10;A)Age 1 month&#10;B)Age 2 months&#10;C)Age 4 months&#10;D)Age 6 months

Accepted Answer

The first dose of this series is given at age 2 months.

Question 7

A 72-year-old patient is to receive a pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent (Pneumovax 23)vaccination.Which of the following is a true statement about this vaccine?&#10;A)It is given yearly to provide immunization against current strains of pneumococcal bacteria.&#10;B)It is given by deep intramuscular (IM)injection.&#10;C)It is given by subcutaneous (SC) injection.&#10;D)The patient will need to return for a total of three injections.

Accepted Answer

Pneumococcal vaccines are given by SC injection,and only once.

Question 8

Active immunizations are usually contraindicated in which of the following patients? Select all that apply.&#10;A)Pregnant women&#10;B)Patients with active infections&#10;C)Infants under the age of 1&#10;D)Older adults&#10;E)Patients who are immunosuppressed&#10;F)Patients receiving cancer chemotherapy&#10;G)Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Accepted Answer

Contraindications to the administration of immunizing drugs include pregnancy,active infections,febrile illnesses,a history of reactions or serious adverse effects to the drugs,and those who are already immunosuppressed (patients with AIDS and patients receiving chemotherapy).
Infants under the age of 1 and older adults may receive immunizing drugs.

Question 9

A health care employee has experienced a needle stick with a contaminated needle.Which drug is used to provide passive immunity to hepatitis B infection?&#10;A)Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)vaccine&#10;B)Varicella zoster immune globulin (VariZIG [VZIG])&#10;C)Hepatitis B immune globulin (H-BIG)&#10;D)HB vaccine inactivated (Recombivax HB)

Accepted Answer

H-BIG provides passive immunity in the prophylaxis and postexposure treatment of people exposed to hepatitis B virus or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs-Ag)-positive materials,such as blood,plasma,or serum.
Recombivax HB promotes active immunity to hepatitis B infection in people considered at high risk for potential exposure to the virus.Hib vaccine is given to infants to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B,and varicella zoster immune globulin is given for exposure to chicken pox.

Deck 47: Immunizing Drugs and Pandemic Preparedness